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neuromelanin,one of the most overlooked molecules in modern medicine,is not a spectator

Neural Regeneration Research 2017年第3期12卷 372-375页

作者： Robert L.Haining Cindy Achat-Mendes Georgia Gwinnett College 1000 University Center LnSchool of Science and TechnologyLawrencevilleGAUSA

The loss of pigmented neurons from the human brain has long been the hallmark of Parkinson＇s disease（PD）.neuromelanin（NM） in the pre-synaptic terminal of dopamine neurons is emerging as a primary player in the etiology of neurodegenerative disorders including *** mini-review discusses the interactions between neuromelanin and different molecules in the synaptic terminal and describes how these interactions might affect neurodegenerative disorders including *** can reversibly bind and interact with amine containing neurotoxins,e.g.,MPTP,to augment their actions in the terminal,eventually leading to the instability and degeneration of melanin-containing neurons due to oxidative stress and mitochondrial *** particular,neuromelanin appears to confer susceptibility to chemical toxicity by providing a large sink of iron-bound,heme-like structures in a pi-conjugated system,a system seemingly purposed to allow for stabilizing interactions including pi-stacking as well as ligand binding to *** the progressive accumulation of NM with age corresponding with an apparent decrease in dopamine synthetic pathways,the immediate question of whether NM is also capable of binding dopamine,the primary functional monoamine utilized in this cell,should be *** the rather glaring implications of this finding,this idea appears not to have been adequately *** such,we postulate on potential mechanisms by which dopamine might dissociate from neuromelanin and the implications of such a reversible ***,if neuromelanin is able to sequester and release dopamine in membrane bound vesicles,this intracellular pre-synaptic mechanism could be the basis for a form of chemical memory in dopamine neurons.

关键词： dopamine dopamine storage Parkinson's disease neurodegeneration neuromelanin neurotoxicity

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Intracranial hypertension as the primary symptom of malignant melanoma:A case report

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第21期12卷 4836-4841页

作者： Hai-Ting Xie Ding-Hao An Duo-Bin Wu Department of Neurology Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510282Guangdong ProvinceChina Department of Neurology Nanjing Drum Tower HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeNanjing 210008Jiangsu ProvinceChina Department of Neurology Zhujiang Hospital of Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510282Guangdong ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND The etiological diagnosis of intracranial hypertension is quite complicated but important in clinical *** common causes are craniocerebral injury,intracranial space-occupying lesion,subarachnoid hemorrhage,and *** a patient presents with intracranial hypertension,the common causes are to be considered first so that other causes would be *** the morbidity lower than 9%,neuromelanin is very *** symp-toms include nerve damage symptoms,epilepsy,psychiatric symptoms,and cognitive *** SUMMARY We present a patient with melanoma which manifested with isolated intracranial hypertension without any other neurological signs.A 22-year-old male had repeated nausea and vomiting for 2 mo with Babinski sign(+)on both sides,nuchal rigidity,and subarachnoid *** had been diagnosed with melanoma and was given surgery and whole-brain ***,the patient died 2 mo *** Malignant melanoma should be taken into consideration in the differential diagnosis of intracranial hypertension.

关键词： Intracranial hypertension Diagnosis Melanoma neuromelanin Case report

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