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Synaptic development of layer V pyramidal neurons in the prenatal human prefrontal neocortex: a Neurolucida-aided Golgi study

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Neural Regeneration Research 2020年第8期15卷 1490-1495页

作者： Li-Xin He Lily Wan Wei Xiang Jian-Ming Li An-Hua Pan Da-Hua Lu Xiangtan Medicine and Health Vocational College XiangtanHunan ProvinceChina Department of Neurology Xiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan ProvinceChina Changde Vocational Technical College ChangdeHunan ProvinceChina Department of Anatomy Changsha Medical UniversityChangshaHunan ProvinceChina Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology Xiangya School of MedicineCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan ProvinceChina

The prefrontal neocortex is involved in many high cognitive functions in humans.Deficits in neuronal and neurocircuitry development in this part of the cerebrum have been associated with various neuropsychiatric disorders in adolescents and adults.There are currently little available data regarding prenatal dendrite and spine formation on projecting neurons in the human prefrontal neocortex.Previous studies have demonstrated that Golgi silver staining can identify neurons in the frontal lobe and visual cortex in human embryos.In the present study,five fetal brains,at 19,20,26,35,and 38 gestational weeks,were obtained via the body donation program at Xiangya School of Medicine,Central South University,China.Golgi-stained pyramidal neurons in layer V of Brodmann area 46 in fetuses were quantitatively analyzed using the Neurolucida morphometry system.Results revealed that somal size,total dendritic length,and branching points of these neurons increased from 26 to 38 gestational weeks.There was also a large increase in dendritic spines from 35 to 38 gestational weeks.These findings indicate that,in the human prefrontal neocortex,dendritic growth in layer V pyramidal neurons occurs rapidly during the third trimester of gestation.The use of human fetal brain tissue was approved by the Animal Ethics Committee of Xiangya School of Medicine,Central South University,China(approval No.2011-045)on April 5,2011.

关键词： Golgi staining human brain banking neurodevelopment Neurolucida neuropsychiatric disorders prefrontal cortex synaptogenesis three-dimensional reconstruction

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Using MR Techniques to Detect Neuroprotection of Pinocembrin on TBI in Rats

Using MR Techniques to Detect Neuroprotection of Pinocembrin...

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第二届国际抑郁共病暨第十二届中国中西医结合基础理论学术...

作者：王文竹 Heng Fan Hong Zhang Jinyuan Zhou Xi Huang Jian Wang Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine Johns Hopkins UniversitySchool of Medicine Department of Integrated Chinese and West Medicine Union HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and Technology Division of MR Research Department of RadiologyJohns Hopkins University School of Medicine Institute of TCM-Related Comorbid Depression Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine

Objective:Traumatic brain injury(TBI) results in primary injury and secondary injury cascades,such as ischemia,progressive neurodegeneration,persistent inflammation,glial hypertrophy and proliferation,and cerebrovascular dysfunctions.Currently,no drug is effective for treatment of TBI.Flavonoid pinocembrin was shown to be neuroprotective after cerebral ischemia in rats.However,its potential protection in TBI has not been tested.In this study,we subjected rats to a controlled cortical impact(CCI)-TBI model and used molecular magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) techniques to examine whether pinocembrin can provide neuroprotection.Method:Thirty-one adult male SD rats were randomly divided into four groups:sham group(n=5);vehicle-treated TBI group(n=6),TBI group treated with 5 mg/kg pinocembrin(n=10),and TBI group treated with 10 mg/kg pinocembrin(n=10).Rats from the vehicle and pinocembrin groups were subjected to craniotomy plus CCI surgery(3-mm impact tip,velocity of 5 m/sec,deformation depth of 5 mm,and impact duration of 65 msec) under isoflurane anesthesia.Rats from the sham group received scalp incision,but the skull was kept intact.Pinocembrin was injected through the tail vein at 30 min and 1,2,and 3 days after CCI.MRI data were acquired on a 4.7 T animal imager,using T2 w,T2*w,T2,isotropic diffusion image apparent diffusion coefficient(ADC),CBF,and amide proton transfer(APT)-weighted(APTw;RF saturation power/time 1.3μT/4 sec) scans.APT imaging is a novel molecular MRI method that can noninvasively detect endogenous mobile protein and tissue pH changes.APTw images were quantified by using the magnetization transfer-ratio asymmetry at 3.5 ppm from water.MRI was performed at 1 h and 1,3,7,14,and 28 days after TBI.Lesion volume was measured by T2 w MRI at various time points.Immunofluorescence was used to detect microglia/macrophage and astrocyte activation.Beam walking,rotarod test,and modified neurological severity score(mNSS)were used to assess the recovery of sensorimotor function after TBI.Results:At 3,14,and

关键词： Pinocembrin Traumatic brain injury APTw ADC Neurolucida

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