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nesting season,nest age,and disturbance,but not habitat characteristics,affect nest survival of Chinese grouse

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Current Zoology 2020年第1期66卷 29-37页

作者： Jin-Ming ZHAO Chen YANG Ying-Qiang LOU Mei SHI Yun FANG Yue-Hua SUN Key Laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China School of Life Science Huaibei Normal UniversityHuaibei235000China Chengdu Institute of Biology Chinese Academy of SciencesChengdu610041China

nest survival is a vital component of breeding success,and affects population dynamics,as the loss of nests is the main cause of reproductive failure in *** identify key factors for the conservation of Chinese grouse Tetrastes sewerzowi,we tested the effects of nest concealment,nest age,nesting season,and habitat edge on nest daily survival rate(DSR)of Chinese grouse using 54 nests found at Lianhuashan Nature Reserve,Gansu,China,***,we controlled for the effect of research activity by testing the effect of nest checks on ***,mammal predation caused 93%of nest *** was 0.986±0.0038 in the constant model and the probability of a nest with a full clutch of 6 eggs surviving the entire 40-day nesting period was 0.526±*** decreased with nest age and nesting season(from 19 May to 3 July).Mammals instead of avian predators being responsible for most nest failures suggest that nest sites might be selected to avoid visual avian predators,but not olfactory mammalian predators,and the decreasing trend of DSR with nest age and nesting season could attribute to an additive exposure ***,nest checks conducted by investigators significantly lowered nest DSR,especially during the late period of nesting season and for older *** predators might locate the nest site by following the investigator's *** on our results,we suggest that the late incubation stage is a particularly vulnerable period for nest survival of Chinese grouse and those researchers should adjust their activities around nests to balance the need of acquiring accurate data and decreasing nest predation risk.

关键词： nest age nest check nesting season nest survival program MARK Tetrastes sewerzowi

Social learning in nest-building birds watching live-streaming video demonstrators

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Integrative Zoology 2019年第2期14卷 204-213页

作者： Lauren M.GUILLETTE Susan D.HEALY School of Biology University of St AndrewsSt AndrewsFifeUK

Determining the role that social learning plays in construction behaviors,such as nest building or tool manufacture,could be improved if more experimental control could be gained over the exact public information that is provided by the demonstrator,to the observing *** video playback allows the experimenter to choose what information is provided but will only be useful in determining the role of social learning if observers attend to,and learn from,videos in a manner that is similar to live *** goal of the current experiment was to test whether live-streamed video presentations of nest building by zebra finches Taeniopygia guttata would lead observers to copy the material choice demonstrated to ***,males that had not previously built a nest were given an initial preference test between materials of 2 *** observers then watched live-stream footage of a familiar demonstrator building a nest with material of the color that the observer did not *** this experience,observers were given the chance to build a nest with materials of the 2 *** two-thirds of the observer males preferred material of the demonstrated color after viewing the demonstrator build a nest with material of that color more than they had previously,their preference for the demonstrated material was not as strong as that of observers that had viewed live demonstrator builders in a previous *** results suggest researchers should proceed with caution before using video demonstration in tests of social learning.

关键词： construction behavior copying nest social learning video playback zebra finch

Does nest sanitation elicit egg rejection in an open-cup nesting cuckoo host rejecter?

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Avian Research 2018年第4期9卷 294-298页

作者： Tongping Su Chanchao Yang Shuihua Chen Wei Liang Zhejiang Museum of Natural History Hangzhou 310014China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands College of Life SciencesHainan Normal UniversityHaikou 571158China

Background: nest sanitation behavior is one of the most important means to ensure high reproductive efficiency. In avian brood parasitism, nest sanitation behavior may be a pre-adaptation of host birds that allows them to identify the parasitic eggs, so that egg discrimination behavior may have evolved from nest sanitation behavior. However, whether nest sanitation behavior could improve egg rejection in cuckoo hosts was ***: In this study, we investigated the relationship between nest sanitation and egg discrimination behavior in a potential cuckoo host, the Brown-breasted Bulbul(Pycnonotus xanthorrhous) with two experimental groups. In the first group, we added a blue, non-mimetic egg to the nest of the host, while in the second group we added a blue, non-mimetic egg and a peanut ***: The results showed that in the first group, the probability of rejecting the non-mimetic eggs was 53.8%(n = 26 nests). In comparison, all of the Brown-breasted Bulbuls in the second group were able to rapidly remove the peanut shells from the nest, but only 52.6%(n = 19 nests) rejected the non-mimetic eggs. The rejection rates of the non-mimetic eggs in both experimental groups were not significantly ***: Our study indicated that nest sanitation behavior of Brown-breasted Bulbuls did not influence their egg recognition and that egg discrimination ability of Brown-breasted Bulbuls was not directly related to nest sanitation behavior.

关键词： Brood parasitism Brown-breasted Bulbul Egg discrimination nest sanitation behavior Cuckoo host

Collection,curation and the use of humidification to restore nest shape in a research museum bird nest collection

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Avian Research 2021年第3期12卷 399-411页

作者： Tonya M.Haff Natalie Tees Kathryn Wood E.Margaret Cawsey Leo Joseph Clare E.Holleley Australian National Wildlife Collection National Research Collections AustraliaCSIROGPO Box 1700CanberraACT 2601Australia

Background:Bird nests are an important part of avian *** are a powerful tool for studying not only the birds that built them,but a wide array of topics ranging from parasitology,urbanisation and climate change to *** this,bird nests tend to be underrepresented in natural history collections,a problem that should be redressed through renewed focus by collecting ***:Here we outline the history and current best practice collection and curatorial methods for the nest col-lection of the Australian National Wildlife Collection(ANWC).We also describe an experiment conducted on nests in the ANWC using ultrasonic humidification to restore the shape of nests damaged by inappropriate ***:The experiment showed that damaged nests can be successfully reshaped to close to their original ***,restored nests were significantly closer to their original shape than they were prior to ***,even nests damaged by years of neglect may be fully incorporated into active research *** practice techniques include extensive note taking and photography in the field,subsampling of nests that cannot or should not be collected,appropriate field storage,metadata management,and prompt treatment upon arrival at the collec-tion ***:Renewed focus on nest collections should include appropriate care and restoration of current col-lections,as well as expansion to redress past *** could include collaboration with researchers studying or monitoring avian nesting ecology,and nest collection after use in bird species that rebuild anew each nesting *** expansion of museum nest collections will allow researchers and natural history collections to fully realise the scientific potential of these complex and beautiful specimens.

关键词： Best practice Bird Curation nest nest shape Natural history collection Humidification Object restoration Preservation

A different gut microbial community between larvae and adults of a wild bumblebee nest （Bombus pascuorum）

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Insect Science 2018年第1期25卷 66-74页

作者： Anneleen Parmentier Ivan Meeus Filip Van Nieuwerburgh Dieter Deforce Peter Vandamme Guy Smagghe Laboratory of Agrozoology Department of Crop Protection Faculty of Bioscience Engineering Ghent University Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Ghent University Laboratory of Microbiology Department of Biochemistryand Microbiology Faculty of Sciences Ghent University Ghent Belgium

Although the gut microbial communities in adult bumblebees and their as- sociated functionalities are widely studied, descriptive data on the larval gut microbiota are still limited. The gut microbiota of a fully sampled wild Bombus pascuorum nest has been characterized, using the multiplexed Illumina MiSeq 16S ribosomal RNA ampli- con sequencing technique. The nesters and foragers inhabiting the same nest showed the typical core bacterial sequences and only marginal differences in their characterized gut microbiota. The gut microbial communities within the adult and larval specimens differed strongly, as the typical core gut bacteria in the adult bumblebees are absent in the larval bumblebees. The bacterial communities within the larval gut are dominated by bacterial phylotypes of Enterobacteriaceae and Lactobacillaceae, supplemented with genera be- longing to Corynebacteriales and Bacillales. The function of this larval gut microbiota, being different from the adult, remains to be determined.

关键词： bumblebee gut Illumina sequencing larvae microbiota nest sample size

The use of artificial nest boxes by Siberian flying squirrels (Pteromys volans) in South Korea

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Journal of Forestry Research 2019年第3期30卷 1131-1137页

作者： Jong-U Kim Woo-shin Lee Eun-Jae Lee Department of Forest Sciences Seoul National University Seoul 08826Republic of Korea Urban Planning Research Division Daejeon Sejong Research InstituteDaejeon 34863Republic of Korea

In this study, we examined the use of artificial nest boxes by Siberian flying squirrels (Pteromys volans) in three coniferous and mixed forests in Gangwon Province, South Korea. Six hundred and twelve boxes with different sized entry holes (ranging from 3 to 7 cm in diameter) were placed in the forests between 2004 and 2009. Pteromys volans used nine boxes in the coniferous forests and two boxes in the mixed forests. The squirrels only used boxes with entrance holes measuring 3.5, 4, and 5 cm in diameter, showing a strong and moderate preference for boxes with 5 and 4-cm holes, respectively, and a strong avoidance for boxes with 3- and 7-cm holes. Therefore, we suggest placing artificial nest boxes with entrance holes 5 cm in diameter to encourage breeding activity. Most nests made in the artificial boxes were composed of fibrous materials from woody vines. We recommend placing artificial nest boxes with holes of 5-cm diameter in coniferous forests, which support dense populations of P. volans, to survey whether this approach would positively affect the breeding habits and population maintenance of this species.

关键词： Artificial nest box Coniferous forests nest materials Siberian flying squirrel Woody vines

Seasonal increase of nest height of the Silver-throated Tit(Aegithalos glaucogularis): can it reduce predation risk?

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Avian Research 2018年第4期9卷 306-313页

作者： Haohui Guan Ye Wen Pengcheng Wang Lei Lv Jiliang Xu Jianqiang Li School of Nature Conservation Beijing Forestry University Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Ecological Engineering College of Life Sciences Beijing Normal University School of Life Sciences Sun Yat-sen University

Background: nest predation is usually the main cause of bird nest failure. ‘Predation avoidance hypothesis' of nestsite selection predicts that birds should prefer nest-sites with higher nesting success. We investigated the relationship between nest height and nest fate in Silver-throated Tits(Aegithalos glaucogularis) and asked whether the seasonal change of nest height was adaptive by simultaneously analyzing the seasonal variation of predation rates of the ***: We monitored nests of the Silver-throated Tit across seven breeding seasons in the Dongzhai National Nature Reserve in Henan Province of China. We compared the difference of nesting success among nests of different heights and analyzed the effect of nesting date on nest height and nest predation ***: The overall nesting success rate was 24.1%(n ds and mammals, followed by snakes(9.11%= 623). Among the failed nests(n). The average height of successf= 472), 59.75% were predated by birul nests was significantly lower than that of predated nests. As the season progresses, the height of the nests increased significantly, companied by the decrease in nesting success. Daily survival rate of the nests also decreased with the progression of the season, regardless of breeding ***: Our findings suggest that nest height is an important factor influencing the nesting success of Silverthroated Tits. However, the seasonal increase of nest height appears inconsistent to the ‘predation avoidance hypothesis', because it is associated with higher predation rates. The reason for this maladaptive behavior remains to be explored in future studies.

关键词： nesting success nest height Daily survival rate Seasonal variation Aegithalos glaucogularis

Home,dirty home:effect of old nest material on nest-site selection and breeding performance in a cavity-nesting raptor

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Current Zoology 2018年第6期64卷 693-702页

作者： Stefano PODOFILLINI Jacopo G.CECERE Matteo GRIGGIO Andrea CURCIO Enrico L DE CAPUA Egidio FULCO Simone PIRRELLO Nicola SAINO Lorenzo SERRA Matteo VISCEGLIA Diego RUBOLINI Dipartimento di Scienze e Politiche Ambientali Universita degli Studi di Milanovia Celoria 26MilanoI-20133Italy Istituto Superiore per la Protezione e la Ricerca Ambientale (ISPRA) Ozzano Emilia (BO)Italy Dipartimento di Biologia Universita degli Studi di PadovaItaly Provincia di Matera -Parco della Murgia Materana Italy Studio Naturalistico Milvus Pignola (PZ)Italy De Rerum Natura Montescaglioso (MT)Italy

The quality of a breeding site may have major fitness consequences.A fundamental step to understanding the process of nest-site selection is the identification of the information individuals use to choose high-quality nest *** secondary cavity-nesting bird species that do not add nest lining material,organic remains (faeces,pellets)accumulated inside nest cavities during previous breeding events may be a cue for high-quality nest-sites,as they contain information about past successful breeding and may improve thermal insulation of eggs during ***,cavities in which breeding was successful might also contain more nest-dwelling ectoparasites than unoccupied cavities, offering an incentive for prospective parents to avoid *** exposed breeding cavity-nesting lesser kestrels (Falco naumanni)to nestbox dyads consisting of a dirty (with a thick layer of organic substrate) and a clean nestbox (without organic material).Dirty nestboxes were strongly preferred,being occupied earlier and more frequently than clean *** success in dirty nestboxes was significantly higher than in clean ones,suggesting a positive effect of organic nest material on incubation efficiency, while nestbox dirtiness did not significantly affect clutch and brood *** from dirty nestboxes had significantly higher ectoparasite load than those from clean nestboxes soon after egg hatching,but this difference was not evident a few days *** substrate did not significantly affect nestling *** concluded that nest substrate is a key driver of nest-site choice in lesser kestrels,although the adaptive value of such a strong preference appears elusive and may be context-dependent.

关键词： Camus hemapterus ectoparasites nestbex nest substrate nest-site selection

Evaluation of nest site preferences of a nest dismantler,the Hair-crested Drongo(Dicrurus hottentottus) in Dongzhai National Nature Reserve of central China

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Chinese Birds 2016年第2期7卷 125-131页

作者： Andrew Cantrell Lei Lv Yong Wang Jianqiang Li Zhengwang Zhang College of Agricultural Life and Natural Sciences Alabama A&M University School of Life Sciences Beijing Normal University

Background:The Hair-crested Drongo(Dicrurus hottentottus) exhibits a unique nest-dismantling behavior after the fledging of the *** hypothesis explaining this behavior is dismantling one's own nest may reduce potential competition for nest sites in the following breeding season because suitable breeding habitat might be limited,and sites are often ***:By comparing the habitat features at nest and random locations,we determined the nest habitat preference of the Hair-crested Drongo within Dongzhai National Nature Reserve,Henan,*** also compared habitat features with nesting success to determine if any trends could be ***:We found that nest tree height,diameter at breast height,live crown ratio,tree rank,and presence of overstory were significantly higher at nesting locations than random locations;slope,leaf litter cover percentage and depth,presence of understory and midstory,and number of trees per hectare were significantly lower at nest sites than random *** preferred to use some tree species,such as Metasequoia glyptostroboides,Castanea mollissima,and Pterocarya stenoptera for *** nests were often associated with habitat with higher percentage of leaf litter on the ***:Our data support that selection of nest sites does occur for this species at this site and therefore support the hypothesis that breeding habitat limitation could be one of the driving forces for the development of the nestdismantling behavior in this species.

关键词： Hair-crested Drongo nest dismantling behavior nest site selection China Dongzhai National Nature Reserve