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Water-based lubrication of niobium nitride

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Friction 2022年第6期10卷 842-853页

作者： Kaifei MIAO Jia WANG Qiang ZHAO Kaiwen WANG Mao WEN Kan ZHANG State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials Department of Materials ScienceKey Laboratory of Automobile MaterialsMOEJilin UniversityChangchun 130012China Department of Materials Science and Engineering Jilin Jianzhu UniversityChangchun 130118China

Water-based lubrication has attracted wide attention as an oil-free lubrication method owing to its greener and cleaner lubrication means.However,due to operating in the water environment,most moving parts would inevitably suffer from abrasion,rusting,and aging problems.Developing a novel solid-water composite system with ultra-low friction and wear will open new possibilities for innovative lubrication material research and development.Here,we first revealed the water-based lubrication behavior of a high-hardness niobium nitride coating(nbn).In a three-phase contact environment(water,air,and nbn),oxidation and hydrolytic reactions of nbn result in the formation of"colloidal solutions",containing Nb_(2)O_(5)colloidal particles between the tribo-pairs.Utilizing the double electric layer repulsion and weak shear action of the"colloidal solution",nbn achieves ultra-low friction and wear;the corresponding values are as low as 0.058 and 1.79×10^(-10)mm^(3)·N^(-1)·m^(-1),respectively.In addition,other VB transition metal nitrides(VB TMNs)exhibit the same low friction feature as nbn in the three-phase contact environment;the friction coefficients are even lower than those in an oil-based environment.The water-based lubrication of VB TMNs provides a new reliable scheme for optimizing solid-water composite lubrication systems without additives and is expected to be applied in environments with high humidity or insufficient water coverage.

关键词： nbn water-based lubrication ultra-low friction ultra-low wear

nbn superconducting nanowire single photon detector with efficiency over 90% at 1550 nm wavelength operational at compact cryocooler temperature

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2017年第12期60卷 26-35页

作者： WeiJun Zhang LiXing You Hao Li Jia Huang ChaoLin Lv Lu Zhang XiaoYu Liu JunJie Wu Zhen Wang XiaoMing Xie State Key Lab of Functional Materials for Informatics Shanghai Institute of Microsystem and Information Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200050 China CAS Center for Excellence in Superconducting Electronics Shanghai 200050 China

The rapid development of superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors over the past decade has led to numerous advances in quantum information technology. The record for the best system detection efficiency at an incident photon wavelength of 1550 nm is 93%. This performance was attained from a superconducting nanowire single-photon detector made of amorphous WSi; such detectors are usually operated at sub-Kelvin temperatures. In this study, we first demonstrate superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors made of polycrystalline nbn with system detection efficiency of 90.2% for 1550-nm-wavelength photons at2.1 K, accessible with a compact cryocooler. The system detection efficiency saturated at 92.1% when the temperature was lowered to 1.8 K. We expect the results lighten the practical and high performance superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors to quantum information and other high-end applications.

关键词：单光子探测器温度降低制冷机超导波长操作 nbn 量子信息技术

Terahertz Direct Detection Characteristics of a Superconducting nbn Bolometer

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Chinese Physics Letters 2011年第1期28卷 50-53页

作者： REN Yuan MIAO Wei YAO Qi-Jun ZHANG Wen SHI Sheng-Cai Purple Mountain Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049

我们报导一条螺线天线的直接察觉特征联合了的兆兆赫在 4.2 K 的洗澡温度的 nbn 超导的热电子的幅射热测定器(HEB ) 。从转变与不同偏爱水流弄弯的电阻坚定的热传导力被发现是 3 漠 ? 慦桳潩吗？

关键词：测辐射热计直接检测超导特性 nbn 太赫兹跨阻放大器螺旋天线过渡曲线

High-performance midwavelength infrared detectors based on InAsSb nbn design

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Chinese Physics B 2020年第6期29卷 549-552页

作者：张璇贾庆轩孙矩蒋洞微王国伟徐应强牛智川 State Key Laboratory for Superlattices and Microstructures Institute of SemiconductorsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100083China College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic Technology University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 101408China Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering College of Materials Science and Opto-Electronic TechnologyUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences Beijing 100193China

we report n Bn photodetectors based on In As0.91 Sb0.09 with a 100% cut-off wavelength of 4.75 μm at 300 K. The band of an n Bn detector is similar to that of a standard pin detector, but there is special wide bandgap Al As0.08 Sb0.92 barrier layer in the n Bn detector, in which the depletion region of n Bn detector exists. The n Bn design has many advantages, such as low dark current and high quantum efficiency, because the n Bn design can suppress the generation–recombination(GR)current that is the main composition of standard pin detector dark current. The constant slope of the Arrhenius plot of J0–1/T indicates the absence of the generation–recombination dark current. We fabricate an n Bn detector with a quantum efficiency(QE) maximum of ~ 60% under-0.2-V bias voltage. The In As Sb n Bn detectors may be a competitive candidate for midwavelength infrared detector.

关键词： infrared detector InAsSb nbn

Phase Transition and Elastic Properties of nbn under Hydrostatic Pressure

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2014年第1期29卷 49-57页

作者：任达华 AN Xinyou 程新路 LUO Xuan YANG Ruizhuang ZAHNG Zhen WU Weidong Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics Sichuan University Reseach Center of Laser Fusion CAEP

First-principles pseudopotential calculations are performed to investigate the phase transition and elastic properties of niobium nitrides （nbn）. The lattice parameters a0 and c0/a0, elastic constants Cu, bulk modulus B0, and the pressure derivative of bulk modulus B0＇ are calculated. The results are in good agreement with numerous experimental and theoretical data. The enthalpy calculations predict that nbn undergoes phase transition from NaCl-type to NiAs-type structure at 13.4 GPa with a volume collapse of about 4.0% and from AsNi-type to CW-type structure at 26.5 GPa with a volume collapse of about 7.0%. Among the four types of structures, CW-type is the most stable structure. The elastic properties are analyzed on the basis of the calculated elastic constants. Isotropic wave velocities and anisotropic elasticity of nbn are studied in detail. The longitudinal and shear-wave velocities, Vr, Vs and V increase with increasing pressure, respectively. The Debye temperature OD increases monotonically with increasing pressure except for NiAs-type structure. Both the longitudinal velocity and the shear-wave velocity increase with pressure for wave vector along all the propagation directions, except for VTA（[100]） and VTA[001]（[110]） with NaCl structure and VTA[001]（[100]） with the other three types of structures.

关键词： phase transition elastic properties isotropic wave velocity anisotropic elasticity nbn

Detection of infrared photons with a superconductor

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2009年第12期54卷 2150-2153页

作者： ZHANG LaBao ZHONG YangYin KANG Lin CHEN Jian JI ZhengMing XU WeiWei CAO ChunHai Research Institute of Superconductor Electronics (RISE) Department of Electronic Science & Engineering of Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210093 China

A superconductor single photon detector based on nbn nanowire was fabricated using electron beam lithography (EBL) and reactive ion etching (RIE) for infrared photon detection. When biased well below its critical current at 4.2 K, nbn nanowire is very sensitive to the incident photons. Typical telecommunication photons with a wavelength of 1550 nm were detected by this detector. Data analysis indicates the repeating rate of the device with 200 nm nbn nanowire may be up to 100 MHz, and the quantum efficiency is about 0.01% when biased at 0.95Ic.

关键词：单光子探测器超导体红外检测反应离子刻蚀电子束光刻纳米线 nbn

nbn结构InAs/GaSb超晶格中/长双波段探测器优化设计

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红外与激光工程 2023年第9期52卷 73-85页

作者：刘文婧祝连庆张东亮郑显通杨懿琛王文杰柳渊鹿利单刘铭北京信息科技大学光电信息与仪器北京市工程研究中心北京100016 北京信息科技大学仪器科学与光电工程学院北京100016 华北光电技术研究所北京100015

双波段红外探测可对复杂的红外背景进行抑制,在军用目标识别、医疗诊断和污染监测等方面有重要应用价值。基于二类超晶格的双波段红外探测器在成本和性能方面具有很大的优势,成为新型红外探测器领域的研究热点。然而其暗电流和串扰会极... 详细信息

双波段红外探测可对复杂的红外背景进行抑制,在军用目标识别、医疗诊断和污染监测等方面有重要应用价值。基于二类超晶格的双波段红外探测器在成本和性能方面具有很大的优势,成为新型红外探测器领域的研究热点。然而其暗电流和串扰会极大地影响双波段红外探测器的性能。因此,设计了nbn结构的InAs/GaSb超晶格中/长波双波段红外探测器,通过仿真比较不同结构的器件在不同偏压下的中波/长波通道的响应率和暗电流大小,分析势垒层厚度、吸收层厚度、不同区域的掺杂对暗电流和串扰的影响,从而得到最佳的模型参数达到减小暗电流和降低串扰的效果。仿真结果显示:nbn结构的中/长波双波段红外探测器在77 K下,中波通道的暗电流密度为4.5×10^(-5)A·cm^(-2),在0.3 V偏压下,2μm处的峰值量子效率为64%,探测率可以达到3.9×10^(11)cm·Hz^(1/2)·W^(-1);长波通道的暗电流密度为1.3×10^(-4)A·cm^(-2),在-0.3 V的偏压下,5.6μm处的峰值量子效率为48%,探测率可以达到4.1×10^(11)cm·Hz^(1/2)·W^(-1)。相关结论可为器件设计和加工提供参考。

关键词：红外探测器双波段 nbn InAs/GaSb超晶格暗电流

Compact nbn resonators with high kinetic inductance

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Chinese Physics B 2020年第12期29卷 107-111页

作者：魏兴雨潘佳政卢亚鹏江俊良李子硕卢盛涂学凑赵清源贾小氢康琳陈健曹春海王华兵许伟伟孙国柱吴培亨 Research Institute of Superconductor Electronics School of Electronic Science and EngineeringNanjing UniversityNanjing 210093China Purple Mountain Laboratories Nanjing 211111China

We design and fabricateλ/2 coplanar waveguide nbn resonators,the thickness and length of which are only several nanometers and hundred microns,respectively.The quality factor of such compact resonators can reach up to 7.5×10~4 at single photon power level at 30 m K with the resonance frequency around 6.835 GHz.In order to tune the resonant frequency,the resonator is terminated to the ground with a dc-SQUID.By tuning the magnetic flux in the dc-SQUID,the effective inductance of the dc-SQUID is varied,which leads to the change in the resonant frequency of the resonator.The tunability range is more than 30 MHz and the quality factor is about 3×10~3.These compact and tunable nbn resonators have potential applications in the quantum information processing,such as in the precision measurement,coupling and/or reading out the quantum states of qubits.

关键词： superconducting resonator nbn kinetic inductance tunable resonator

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新型Sb基二类超晶格红外探测器

红外与激光工程 2012年第12期41卷 3141-3144页

作者：史衍丽何雯瑾张卫锋王羽袁俊莫境辉冯江敏胡锐邓功荣徐应强牛智川昆明物理研究所云南昆明650023 中国科学院半导体研究所北京100083

InAs/Ga(In)SbⅡ类超晶格材料由于特殊的二型能带结构,可以通过人造低维结构获得类似于体材料的带间吸收,从而获得较高的量子效率;另外,通过调节材料参数调节能带结构,器件响应波段可调;通过能带结构设计抑制俄歇复合,获得较小的暗电流... 详细信息

InAs/Ga(In)SbⅡ类超晶格材料由于特殊的二型能带结构,可以通过人造低维结构获得类似于体材料的带间吸收,从而获得较高的量子效率;另外,通过调节材料参数调节能带结构,器件响应波段可调;通过能带结构设计抑制俄歇复合,获得较小的暗电流和较高的器件性能。因为以上特有的材料性能和器件特性,Sb基二类超晶格在国际上被认为是第三代红外焦平面探测器的优选材料。对二类超晶格材料的设计和器件特性进行了研究,设计了峰值波长4μm的nbn结构的中波红外探测器,在没有蒸镀抗反膜的条件下,77 K温度下测试得到的峰值探测率为2.4×1011cm Hz1/2W-1,计算得到的量子效率为47.8%,峰值探测率已经接近目前的碲镉汞中波红外探测器器件性能。研究结果充分显示了二类超晶格优越的材料和器件性能。

关键词： InAs Ga(In)Sb Ⅱ类超晶格 nbn 第三代红外探测器探测率量子效率