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Changes in photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence in two soybean (Glycine max) varieties under nacl stress

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2021年第3期14卷 76-82页

作者： Bin Luo Cheng Wang Xiaodong Wang Han Zhang Yanan Zhou Wensen Wang Peng Song Beijing Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry SciencesBeijing 100097China National Engineering Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture Beijing 100097China State Grid Shenyang Electric Power Supply Company Shenyang 110866China College of Plant Science and Technology Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430074China

Traditional detection methods of crop information are often destructive and low efficiency.In this study,a new evaluation method was developed based on photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence.Via analysis of the changes under nacl stress during the seedling stage of two varieties,the salt resistance mechanism of soybeans was explored and a non-destructive stress-recognition method was developed.In this experiment,two soybean varieties were treated with one of four levels of nacl stress:CK(0 mmol/L),LS(50 mmol/L),MS(100 mmol/L),and HS(150 mmol/L),for 15 d.The normal functions of the photosynthetic system of soybeans were enhanced under LS nacl stress,but were inhibited under HS nacl stress.Biomass,net leaf photosynthetic rate(Pn),stomatal conductance(gs),intercellular carbon dioxide concentration(Ci),transpiration rate(Tr),chlorophyll fluorescence parameters Y(II)and PSII decreased.However,in contrast to the findings of other studies on the influence of severe drought stress on soybean for long periods in which non-photochemical quenching coefficient(qN)decreased,this parameter increased under salt stress in soybean.The results demonstrate that the method developed is a promising tool for rapid and non-destructive detection of soybean photosynthetic responses under salt stress in the field.

关键词： biomass chlorophyll fluorescence parameters nacl stress photosynthetic parameters soybean

stress of Cl- is Stronger than That of Na+ on Glycine max Seedlings Under nacl stress

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2002年第12期1卷 1404-1409页

作者： LUO Qing-yun, YU Bing-jun and LIU You-liang( College of Life Science , Nanjing Agricultural University , Key Laboratory of Crop Growth Regulation /National Center of Soybean Improvement, Ministry of Agriculture , Nanjing 210095 , P. R. China ) College of Life Science Nanjing Agricultural University Key Laboratory of Crop Growth Regulation /National Center of Soybean Improvement Ministry of Agriculture Nanjing 210095 P.R.China

Seedlings of six Glycine max cultivars were used to compare Cl- with Na+ in stress effects on soybean seedlings under nacl stress. Results showed that stress of nacl on G. max seedlings was mainly caused by Cl- and not by Na+. After treatment with isoosmotic solutions of Cl- (without Na+) and Na+ (without Cl-) respectively, fresh weight and height of G. max seedlings growing in solution of Cl- were much more stressed than those in solution of Na+. And the roots and leaves electrolyte leakage were much more increased under stress of Cl- than those under stress of Na+. Salt tolerance of G. max seedlings was mainly contributed to Cl- withheld in roots of seedlings to decrease its content in leaves.

关键词： Soybean (Glycinemax) Salt tolerance nacl stress Cl^- Na^+

Effect of nacl stress on Seedling Growth of Sunflower

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Plant Diseases and Pests 2016年第1期7卷 32-35页

作者： Zan Yaling Wei Shuzhen Department of Life Science Yuncheng University

[ Objective ] The paper was to study effects of different salt treatments on growth and physiological activity of sunflower seedlings, in order to provide a theoretical basis for sunflower cultivation in saline soil. [Method] With 567DW sunflower as the material, effects of different concentrations of NaC1 （0, 0.06, 0. 12, 0. 18, 0.24 mol/L） on growth and physiological activity of sunflower seedlings were studied. [ Result] With the increasing concentration of nacl, the morphological indexes of sunflower decreased significantly; MDA content increased, while Pro content and POD activity first increased and then decreased. Under the treatment of 0. 12 mol/L, Pro content and POD activity reached the maximum value, respectively. [ Conclusion] The critical salt-tolerance concentration of sunflower was about 0.12 mol/L.

关键词： Sunflower nacl stress Malondialdehyde （MDA） Proline （Pro） Peroxidase （POD）

Physiological and Biochemical Characteristics and Response Patterns of Salinity stress Responsive Genes (SSRGs) in Wild Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa L.)

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2023年第2期92卷 399-410页

作者： Yurong Jiang Muhammad Yasir Yuefen Cao Lejia Hu Tongli Yan Shuijin Zhu Guoquan Lu The Key Laboratory for Quality Improvement of Agricultural Products of Zhejiang Province College of Advanced Agricultural SciencesZhejiang A&F UniversityHangzhou311300China College of Agriculture and Biotechnology Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou310058China

Cultivating salt-tolerant crops is a feasible way to effectively utilize saline-alkali land and solve the problem of underutilization of saline soils.Quinoa,a protein-comprehensive cereal in the plant kingdom,is an exceptional crop in terms of salt stress tolerance level.It seems an excellent model for the exploration of salt-tolerance mechanisms and cultivation of salt-tolerant germplasms.In this study,the seeds and seedlings of the quinoa cultivar Shelly were treated with different concentrations of nacl solution.The physiological,biochemical characteristics and agronomic traits were investigated,and the response patterns of three salt stress-responsive genes(SSRGs)in quinoa were determined by real-time PCR.The optimum level of stress tolerance of quinoa cultivar Shelly was found in the range of 250–350 mM concentration of nacl.Salt stress significantly induced expression of superoxide dismutase(SOD),peroxidase(POD),and particularly betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase(BADH).BADH was discovered to be more sensitive to salt stress and played an important role in the salt stress tolerance of quinoa seedlings,particularly at high nacl concentrations,as it displayed upregulation until 24 h under 100 mM salt treatment.Moreover,it showed upregulation until 12 h under 250 mM salt stress.Taken together,these results suggest that BADH played an essential role in the salt-tolerance mechanism of quinoa.Based on the expression level and prompt response induced by nacl,we suggest that the BADH can be considered as a molecular marker for screening salt-tolerant quinoa germplasm at the early stages of crop development.Salt treatment at different plant ontogeny or at different concentrations had a significant impact on quinoa growth.Therefore,an appropriate treatment approach needs to be chosen rationally in the process of screening salt-tolerant quinoa germplasm,which is useful to the utilization of saline soils.Our study provides a fundamental information to deepen knowledge of the salt tolerance mechanism of quinoa for the develo

关键词： Salt tolerant nacl stress stress-responsive genes

Effects of nacl stress on physiological and biochemical indexes and expression of related genes in wheat

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Effects of NaCl stress on physiological and biochemical inde...

Exogenous GSH protects tomatoes against salt stress by modulating photosystem Ⅱ efficiency, absorbed light allocation and H2O2-scavenging system in chloroplasts

第十届全国小麦基因组学及分子育种大会

作者： Liu-ping Chen Qing-feng Dong Wen-hui Wei Life of Science and Technology Henan Institute of Science and Technology

Wheat is the most productive crop in the world.The production of wheat by salt is a threat to world food security.With the development of molecular technology,it is very important to study the salt tolerance mechanism of wheat with the means of modern biology.This study uses five different wheat varieties as experimental material,probed into nacl stress on its germination potential,germination rate,root length and shoot higher the change of the four index,according to the four traits index determination of nacl stress on five salt resistance of different wheat varieties.To filter out less resistance to salt and salt sensitive cultivar in seedling stage and filling stage,nacl stress and measure its physiological indexes and photosynthetic character indexes of seedling stage and milking stage nacl stress analysis the difference of salt resistance of different wheat varieties.On this basis,the transcriptome sequencing was carried out using IlluminaHiSeq sequencing platform to find the related metabolic pathways of salt-tolerant genes,for the resistance of wheat salt regulation mechanism provides research foundation.

关键词： wheat nacl stress expression of related genes

来源： cnki会议评论

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2018年第10期17卷 2257-2272页

作者： ZHOU Yan DIAO Ming CUI Jin-xia CHEN Xian-jun WEN Ze-lin ZHANG Jian-wei LIU Hui-ying Department of Horticulture Agricultural College Shihezi University Shihezi 832003 P.R. China Key Laboratory of Special Fruits and Vegetables Cultivation Physiology and Germplasm Resources Utilization of Xinjiang Production and Construction Crops Shihezi 832003 P.R.China

The effects of exogenous GSH（reduced glutathione）on photosynthetic characteristics,photosystem Ⅱ efficiency,absorbed light energy allocation and the H2O2-scavenging system in chloroplasts of salt-stressed tomato（Solanum lycopersicum L.）seedlings were studied using hydroponic experiments in a greenhouse.Application of exogenous GSH ameliorated saline-induced growth inhibition,the disturbed balance of Na＋ and Cl- ions and Na＋/K＋ ratios,and the reduction of the net photosynthetic rate（Pn）.GSH also increased the maximal photochemical efficiency of PSⅡ（Fv/Fm）,the electron transport rate（ETR）,the photochemical quenching coefficient（qP）,and the non-photochemical quenching coefficient（NPQ）.In addition,GSH application increased the photochemical quantum yield（Y（Ⅱ））and relative deviation from full balance between the photosystems（β/α-1）and decreased the PSⅡ excitation pressure（1-qP）and quantum yield of non-regulated energy dissipation（Y（NO））in leaves of salt-stressed tomatoes without BSO（L-buthionine-sulfoximine,an inhibitor of key GSH synthesis enzymeγ-glutamylcysteine synthetase）or with BSO.Further,the addition of GSH depressed the accumulation of H2O2 and malondialdehyde（MDA）,induced the redistribution of absorbed light energy in PSⅡ reaction centers,and improved the endogenous GSH content,GSH/GSSH ratio and activities of H2O2-scavenging enzymes（including superoxidase dismutase（SOD）,catalase（CAT）,peroxidase（POD）and key enzymes in the AsA-GSH cycle and Grx system）in the chloroplasts of salt-stressed plants with or without BSO.Therefore,GSH application alleviates inhibition of salt-induced growth and photosynthesis mainly by overcoming stomatal limitations,improving the PSⅡ efficiency,and balancing the uneven distribution of light energy to reduce the risk of ROS generation and to mediate chloroplast redox homeostasis and the antioxidant defense system to protect the chloroplasts from oxidative damage.Thus,GSH may be used as a potential tool for alleviating salt stress in tomato plants.

关键词： tomato reduced glutathione nacl stress chloroplast photosynthesis antioxidant enzyme

Two-Dimensional Electrophoretic Analysis of Soluble Leaf Proteins of a Salt-sensitive （Triticum aestivum） and a Salt-tolerant （T. durum） Cultivar in Response to NaCI stress

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2007年第7期49卷 975-981页

作者： Mustafa YILDIZ Afyon Kocatepe University Faculty of Science and Arts Department of Biology Afyonkarahisar 03200 Turkey

In this research, 3-day-old etiolated wheat seedlings of Triticum aestivum L. cv. Ceyhan-99 （salt-sensitive） and T. durum Desf. cv. Firat-93 （salt-tolerant） were grown in control and salt （150 mmol/L nacl） treatments at a 15/25℃ temperature regime in the light for 12 days. Soluble proteins extracted from the first leaf tissues of two cultivars were analyzed by twodimensional （2-D） electrophoresis in order to detect nacl-induced changes. The soluble leaf protein profiles of cultivars were observed to be similar. However, quantitative differences in 74 proteins were detected in the salt treatment group, compared to the control. Among the 74 protein spots, 14 were common for two cultivars. As a result of nacl treatment, two low-molecular-weight （LMW） proteins （28.9 and 30.0 kDa） and one intermediate-molecular-weight （IMW） protein （44.3 kDa） in cv. Ceyhan-99 and six LMW proteins （18.6, 19.4, 25.7, 25.9, 26 and 27.6 kDa） in cv. Firat-93 were newly synthesized. The newly synthesized proteins were specific to each cultivar. In the Firat-93 cultivar, four proteins with LMW （24.8-27.9 kDa） were completely lost in nacl treatment. Moreover, these four protein spots were not observed in both protein profiles of cv. Ceyhan-99. Most of these proteins were in acidic character （pl 〈6.0-6.9） and low molecular weight （〈31.6 kDa）. It is suggested that the newly synthesized or completely lost LMW proteins may be important for cultivars differing in sensitivity towards nacl.

关键词： nacl stress soluble leaf proteins Triticum aestivum Triticum durum two-dimensional electrophoretic analysis.

Putrescine Plays a Positive Role in Salt-Tolerance Mechanisms by Reducing Oxidative Damage in Roots of Vegetable Soybean

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2014年第2期13卷 349-357页

作者： ZHANG Gu-wen XU Sheng-chun HU Qi-zan MAO Wei-hua GONG Ya-ming Institute of Vegetable Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences Center of Analysis and Measurement Zhejiang University

Polyamines play important roles in plant tolerance to environmental stress. With the aim of investigating the possible involvement of putrescine （Put） in salt-tolerance mechanisms in vegetable soybean roots, exogenous Put （10 mmol L＂） and its biosynthetic inhibitor D-arginine （D-Arg）（0.5 mmol L-1） were added to nutrient solution when vegetable soybean （Glycine max L. cv. Huning 95-1） seedlings were exposed to 100 mmol L^-11 sodium chloride （nacl）. The results showed that Put ameliorated but D-Arg aggravated the detrimental effects of nacl on plant growth and biomass production. Under nacl stress, levels of free, soluble conjugated and insoluble bound types of Put in roots of vegetable soybean were reduced, whereas those of free, soluble conjugated, and insoluble bound types of spermidine （Spd） and spermine （Spm） were increased. Exogenous Put eliminated the decrease in Put but promoted the increase of Spd and Spm. However, these changes could be reversed by D-Arg. Under nacl stress, activities of arginine decarboxylase （ADC）, S-adenosylmethionine decarboxylase （SAMDC）, diamine oxidase （DAO）, and polyamine oxidase （PAO） were induced, with exogenous Put promoting and D-Arg reversing these changes. Furthermore, nacl stress decreased activities of antioxidant enzymes. Exogenous Put alleviated but D-Arg exaggerated these effects of nacl stress, resulting in the same changes in membrane damage and reactive oxygen species （ROS） production. These results indicated that Put plays a positive role in vegetable soybean roots by activating antioxidant enzymes and thereby attenuating oxidative damage.

关键词： nacl stress oxidative damage putrescine salt-tolerance vegetable soybean

Micro-nondestructive detection of the moisture and ion of rice seeds during germination under salt stress

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2019年第2期12卷 103-110页

作者： Hongwei Yang Jianwei Ji Cheng Wang Liying Zhang Xiaodong Wang Ping Song Peng Song College of Information and Electrical Engineering Shenyang Agricultural UniversityShenyang 110866China National Research Center of Intelligent Equipment and Technology for Agriculture Beijing 100097China Key Laboratory of Agri-Informatics Ministry of AgricultureBeijing 100097China Beijing Key Laboratory of Intelligent Equipment and Technology for Agriculture Beijing 100097China Liaoning Rice Research Institute Shenyang 110161China

Salt stress is one of the major stress factors limiting rice productivity.Its damaging effects include water deficit due to osmotic stress,and ionic toxicity caused by ionic stress.It is very important to study the salt-tolerance mechanism of rice under salt stress,in order to improve the salt-tolerance capacity of rice and thereby increase the yield.In this experiment,the low field nuclear magnetic resonance(LF NMR)technique and the traditional dry-weight weighing method,the non-invasive micro-test technique(NMT)and the inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometry(ICP-AES)were applied to analyze the distribution of water and the flow of K^(+)and Na^(+)of rice seeds during germination under nacl stress.The results suggested that for all different nacl concentrations,as germination hours grew,the amplitude of NMR signals of the bound water that of the free water and the total amplitude all increased gradually.And the higher the nacl concentration is,the weaker the increase trend is.In addition,the moisture content of the seeds and the total amplitude of NMR signals were positively correlated.The regression equation was y=191.53x+1463.6,the correlation coefficient was R=0.9823,and the determination coefficient was R2=0.9650.By this regression equation,the moisture content of each state of water during seed germination can be calculated.When without nacl stress,the rice seeds absorbed K^(+)in the germination process.However,when under nacl stress at different concentrations,K^(+)efflux was detected.The contents of K^(+)and K^(+)/Na^(+)were lower than that under the control condition.The higher nacl concentration is,the lower the K^(+)and K^(+)/Na^(+)contents are.These results are in consistence with the K^(+)and Na^(+)contents detected by the inductively coupled technique.These empirical data offer a reference for the study of rice-seeds’response mechanism under salt stress during germination and the screening of germplasm resources,and also put forward a new method of biopsy micro-nondestructive test for plants

关键词： nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR) non-invasive micro-test(NMT) nacl stress seed germination moisture dynamic ion flow