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nitrogen fertilization and potassium requirement for cereal crops under a continuous no-till system

Pedosphere 2020年第6期30卷 747-758页

作者： Allison J.FORnARI Eduardo F.CAIRES Angelo R.BInI Adriano HALISKI Lucas TZASKOS Helio A.W.JORIS State University of Ponta Grossa Avenida Carlos Cavalcanti 4748Ponta Grossa 84030-900Brazil

nitrogen(n)and potassium(K)are the most required nutrients for corn and wheat *** the n application rate usually boosts crop ***,many uncertainties remain for K *** deficiency results in yield losses,but K application rate based on the percentage of K+in the cation exchange capacity(CEC)is doubtful,especially in soil with high CEC.A field trial was conducted to examine the effects of KCl application before sowing corn and wheat,by raising the percentage of K+in CEC at pH 7.0(CECpH7.0)to approximately 2.5%,3.5%,and 4.5%,and adding n as a topdressing(75,150,and 225 kg ha-1 to corn and 40,80,and 120 kg ha-1 to wheat)on the nutrition and yield of corn and wheat under a continuous no-till system(30 years).Exchangeable K+content increased in the topsoil(0–20 cm depth)up to 7.2 mmolc dm-3 after K application at the highest rate,which,however,did not result in significant increases in nutrient uptake and yields for both corn and *** n application rate positively affected the uptake and removal of all macronutrients by corn and *** n as a topdressing increased yields of corn and wheat by up to 83%and 22%,*** results suggest that in the soil with a high CECpH7.0(162.1 mmolc dm-3),the recommendation for K application made by considering the percentage of K+in the CECpH7.0 may result in excessive application of K fertilizer to crops with high K-recycling potential grown under a continuous no-till system.

关键词： cation exchange capacity crop K demand K recycling n requirement Triticum aestivum L. Zea mays L.

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Expression Patterns of nine Ammonium Transporters in Rice in Response to n Status

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Pedosphere 2012年第6期22卷 860-869页

作者： LI Su-Mei LI Bao-Zhen SHI Wei-Ming State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008(China) Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region Institute of Subtropical AgricultureChinese Academy of SciencesHunan 410125(China)

nitrogen use efficiency （nUE） was very low in China and a loss of as much as 7070 of the applied nitrogen fertilizers was reported in high-yielding rice fields. In order to investigate the molecular basis of high-affinity ammonium transport or uptake into rice （Oryza sativa L.）, we analyzed the expression profiles of nine ammonium transporters （AMT）, three each of OsAMT1, OsAMT2 and OsAMT3, at two different n requirement stages （young seedling stage and tillering stage） of rice growth as well as the changes in these expression patterns according to external n status using real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction （RT-PCR）. The results suggested that the nine OsAMT genes were expressed in different organs of rice plants, including mature roots, new roots, stems, old leaves and new leaves and that the expression patterns were organ specific and independent of the positions of the corresponding proteins in the phylogenetic tree. OsAMT1;1, 3;2 and 3;3 were expressed in the roots and shoots, primarily old leaves, OsAMT1;2 and 1;3 mainly in the roots, and OsAMT2;1, 2;2, 2;3 and 3;1 mainly in the shoots, primarily in new leaves, and relatively more in the stems than other genes. The expression patterns at the two different n requirement stages were the same; however, at the tillering stage with greater n requirements, the OsAMTs transcript levels were greater than those at the young seedling stage with low n requirements. n starvation for 48 h up-regulated OsAMT1;1, 1;2, 3;1, 3;2, 3;3 and down-regulated OsAMT1;3 mRnA abundance. Following n starvation, nH4＋ and nH4nO3 re-supply down-regulated OsAMT1;2 and 3;3 and up-regulated OsAMT1;3, whereas nO3 re-supply down-regulated OsAMT1;1 and 1;2. These suggested that the organ-specific expression pattern of OsAMT could be regulated by n requirement and external n status.

关键词： external n level gene expression growth stage n requirement plant organ

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