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Influence of Straw Incorporation on Maize Yield,n accumulation and Remobilization on Slope Farmland in northeast China

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Journal of northeast Agricultural University(English Edition) 2023年第2期30卷 55-67页

作者： Dai Jian-jun Liu Hong-fei Li Hang Liu Zhao-ting Wu Hai-feng College of Resources and Environment Northeast Agricultural UniversityHarbin 150030China

Slope farmland is a main type of agricultural land throughout northeast ***-term high intensity utilization and unreasonable farming have caused the deterioration of soil resources and a decrease in crop ***,it was hypothesized that crop straw incorporation might help to reduce nutrient losses and increase maize yields across time and space.A field experiment for testing straw management practices on maize across three slope positions(top,back and bottom slopes)was conducted in northeast China in 2018 and *** this study,the dry matter accumulation(DMA),n accumulation(nA),n remobilization,postsilking n uptake and grain yield were measured under SI(straw incorporation)and nSI(no straw incorporation)across three slope positions of 100-m-long consecutive black soil slope farmland during the maize(Zea mays L.)growth *** with nSI,SI significantly increased DMA and nA at the silking and maturity *** typically increased the n remobilization in all slope positions,and significantly increased n remobilization efficiency and contribution of n remobilization to grain on the back and bottom ***,post-silking n uptake was only increased by SI on the top *** generally increased the crop yield in three slope *** the SI treatments,the bottom slope was the highest yield position,followed by the top,and then the back slopes,suggesting that the bottom slope position of regularly incorporated straw might have increased the potential for boosting maize ***,the study demonstrated the outsized potential of straw incorporation to enhance maize nA and then increase the grain yield in black soil slope farmland.

关键词： dry matter n accumulation n remobilization crop yield black soil slope farmland maize

Influences of Mo on nitrate Reductase, Glutamine Synthetase and nitrogen accumulation and Utilization in Mo-Efficient and Mo-Inefficient Winter Wheat Cultivars

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2010年第3期9卷 355-361页

作者： YU Min HU Cheng-xiao SUn Xue-cheng WAnG Yun-hua Research Center of Trace Elements Huazhong Agricultural University Wuhan 430070 P.R. China Department of Horticulture Foshan University Foshan 528000 P.R. China

The objective is to study whether the accumulation and utilization of plant n are controlled by Mo status in winter wheat cultivars. Mo-efficient cultivar 97003 （eft） and Mo-inefficient cultivar 97014 （ineff） were grown in severely Mo-deficient acidic soil （Tamm-reagent-extractable Mo 0.112 mg kg^-1） with （＋Mo） and without （-Mo） the application of 0.13 mg kg^-1 Mo. The accumulation and use efficiency of plant total n were significantly higher in ＋Mo than that in -Mo and in eft than that in ineff under Mo deficiency. n use efficiency was remarkably higher in maturity but it was forwarded to jointing stage after Mo supply, thus indicating that Mo supply promoted the n use efficiency besides n uptake and eff was efficient in n uptake and utilization. The overall activity of nitrate reductase （nR, EC 1.***.6.1） was significantly higher in ＋Mo than in -Mo and ratio of ＋Mo/-Mo was even to 14.8 at filleting stage for ineff. Activity of glutamine synthetase （GS, EC 6.***.1.2） was significantly lower in ＋Mo than in -Mo. Concentration of nitrate and glutamate were also significantly lower in ＋Mo than in -Mo, thus provided evidences for enhancing n use efficiency by Mo supply. Activities of nR and GS were significantly higher and concentrations of nitrate and glutamate were significantly lower in eff than ineff under Mo deficiency, thus indicated eff was more efficient in n reduction and utilization. It is therefore concluded that Mo could promote n accumulation and utilization in winter wheat which was directly related to nR and feedback regulated by GS. Higher Mo status also results in higher accumulation and utilization of plant n in eft.

关键词： winter wheat Mo n accumulation n use efficiency nitrate reductase glutamine synthetase

Regularity of nitrogen accumulation in Soybean and Its Simulation

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Journal of northeast Agricultural University(English Edition) 2011年第1期18卷 1-5页

作者： YAO Yubo JIn Xijun DI Wei GE Huiling MA Chunmei GOnG Zhenping College of Agriculture Northeast Agricultural University Harbin 150030 China College of Science Northeast Agriculatral University Harbin 150030 China national Soybean Research Center of Engineering Technology Harbin 150030 China

nitrogen（n） is considered as an important yield and quality-determining factor in soybean *** objective of the current experiment was to determine the regularity of n accumulation and its simulation among different *** work was conducted with frame tests（pot without bottom）,and three cultivars,HH41,Sn14,Hn40,and one feed soybean variety MSD was used as *** results showed that the regularity of n accumulation in four varieties with the same tendency increased during the whole growth period,which was up to the maximum when the plant was *** longer growth period was,the higher n accumulation of cultivars was,Hn40〉Sn14〉HH41,n accumulation of MSD was the highest because of the property for feed *** of n accumulation in plants could be accurately described by the Logistic *** the growth there was a period when n accumulation in the whole plant occurred at an intense *** time of onset and its duration varied with different *** maximum daily n accumulation was on seed filling stage,pod bearing stage,seed filling stage and pod bearing stage in HH41,Sn14,Hn40 and MSD,respectively.

关键词： Glycine max n accumulation Logistic model

Root Physiological and Morphological Characteristics of Two Rice Cultivars with Different nitrogen-Use Efficiency

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Pedosphere 2010年第4期20卷 446-455页

作者： FAn Jian-Bo ZHAnG Ya-Li D. TURnER DUAn Yin-Hua WAnG Dong-Sheng SHEn Qi-Rong Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for Solid Organic Waste Utilization Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing 210095(China) College of Resources and Environmental Sciences Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing 210095 (China) Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing 210008 (China) School of Resource Management The University of MelbourneVictoria 3010 (Australia)

The variation in nitrogen （n） uptake by rice has been widely studied but differences in rice root morphology that may contribute to this variation are not completely understood. Field and greenhouse experiments were carried out to study n accumulation, root dry weights, total root lengths, root surface areas, and root bleeding rates of two rice cultivars, Elio with low n-use efficiency and nanguang with high n-use efficiency. Low （1 mmol n L^-1） and high （5 mmol n L^-1） n applications were established in the greenhouse experiment, and the n rates were 0, 120, and 240 kg ha^-1 in the field experiments at Jiangning and Jiangpu farms, nanjing, China. The results showed that the n accumulation, root dry weight, total root length, and root surface area increased with an increase in n application. At the heading stage, n accumulation in the shoots and roots of nanguang was greater than that of Elio in the field experiments and that of Elio at 5 mmol n L^-1 in the greenhouse experiment. After the heading stage, n accumulation was higher for nanguang at both 1 and 5 mmol n L^-1 in the greenhouse experiment. The total root length and root surface area were significantly different between the two cultivars. Over the range of the fertilizer application rates, the root lengths of nanguang at Jiangning Farm were 49%-6170 greater at booting and 26%-39% greater at heading than those of Elio, and at Jiangpu Farm they were 22%-42% and 26%-38% greater, respectively. nanguang had a greater root bleeding rate than Elio. It was concluded that the n-use efficiency of the two rice cultivars studied depended to a great extent on the root morphological parameters and root physiological characteristics at different growth stages.

关键词： n accumulation root bleeding rate root dry weight root surface area total root length