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Millet/peanut intercropping at a moderate n rate increases crop productivity and n use efficiency,as well as economic benefits,under rain-fed conditions

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2023年第3期22卷 738-751页

作者： LIU Zhu nAn Zhen-wu LIn Song-ming YU Hai-qiu XIE Li-yong MEnG Wei-wei ZHAnG Zheng WAn Shu-bo Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences Jinan 250100P.R.China Agronomy College Shenyang Agricultural UniversityShenyang 110866P.R.China College of Life Sciences Shandong Normal UniversityJinan 250014P.R.China

Cereal and legume intercropping has been widely adopted to increase crop productivity in sustainable farming systems *** different intercropping combinations,millet and peanut intercropping can be adapted to most waterlimited ***,there are few studies on the differences in yield characteristics and nitrogen use efficiency between millet/peanut intercropping and monocultures under different nitrogen (n) application *** objective of this study was to determine the yield advantages and economic benefits,as well as the appropriate n application rate,of millet/peanut intercropping.A two-yearfield experiment was conducted with three cropping patterns (monoculture millet,monoculture peanut and millet/peanut intercropping) and four n rates (0,75,150 and 225 kg ha^(-1)).The results showed that the land equivalent ratio (LER) and net effect (nE) of the intercropping system reached their highest levels at the n input of 150 kg ha^(-1)in 2018 and 2019 (1.04 for LER,0.347 Mg ha^(-1)for nE,averaged across two years).Millet was the dominant crop in the intercropping system (aggressivity of millet and peanut (Amp)>0,competitive ratio of millet and peanut (CRmp)>1),and millet yields achieved their highest values at n inputs of 225 kg ha^(-1)for monoculture and 150 kg ha^(-1)for *** reached its highest levels with n inputs of 150 kg ha^(-1)for all planting patterns over the two *** combined with an n input of 150 kg ha^(-1)achieved the highest net income of 2 791 USD ha^(-1),with a benefit-cost ratio of 1.56,averaged over the two *** the perspective of economics and agricultural sustainable development,millet/peanut intercropping at 150 kg n ha^(-1)seems to be a promising alternative to millet or peanut monoculture.

关键词： millet peanut intercropping n input yield economics

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Optimization of nitrogen fertilizer rate under integrated rice management in a hilly area of Southwest China

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Pedosphere 2020年第6期30卷 759-768页

作者： Yujiao DOnG Jiang YUAn Guangbin ZHAnG Jing MA Padilla HILARIO Xuejun LIU Shihua LU Soil and Fertilizer Research Institute/Key Laboratory of Agricultural Environment in Southwest Mountain Areas of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Sichuan Academy of Agricultural SciencesChengdu 610066China State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China Kadoorie Farm and Botanic Garden Hong Kong 999077China Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions of Ministry of Education College of Resources and Environmental SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China

China has the world’s highest nitrogen(n)application rate,and the lowest n use efficiency(nUE).With the crop yield increasing,serious n pollution is also *** in-situ field experiment(2011–2015)was conducted to examine the effects of three n levels,0(i.e.,no fertilizer n addition to soil),120,and 180 kg n ha-1,using integrated rice management(IRM).We investigated rice yield,aboveground n uptake,and soil surface n budget in a hilly region of Southwest *** to traditional rice management(TRM),IRM integrated raised beds,plastic mulch,furrow irrigation,and triangular transplanting,which significantly improved rice grain yield,straw biomass,aboveground n uptake,and *** rice management significantly improved 15n recovery efficiency(by 10%)and significantly reduced the ratio of potential15n loss(by 8%–12%).Among all treatments,the 120 kg n ha-1 level under IRM achieved the highest 15n recovery efficiency(32%)and 15n residual efficiency(29%),with the lowest 15n loss ratio(39%).After rice harvest,the residual n fertilizer did not achieve a full replenishment of soil n consumption,as the replenishing effect was insufficient(ranging from-31 to-49 kg n ha-1).Furthermore,soil surface n budget showed a surplus(69–146 kg n ha-1)under all treatments,and the n surplus was lower under IRM than *** results indicate IRM as a reliable and stable method for high rice yield and high nUE,while exerting a minor risk of n *** the hilly area of Southwest China,the optimized n fertilizer application rate under IRM was found to be 100–150 kg n ha-1.

关键词： n input n output ^(15)n recovery efficiency n surplus n use efficiency plastic mulch soil surface n budget

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nitrogen Balance and Loss in a Greenhouse Vegetable System in Southeastern China

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Pedosphere 2011年第4期21卷 464-472页

作者： MIn Ju ZHAO Xu SHI Wei-Ming XInG Guang-Xi ZHU Zhao-Liang State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil Science Chinese Academy of Sciences 71 East Beijing Road Nanjing 210008 (China)

High rates of fertilizer nitrogen (n) are applied in greenhouse vegetable fields in southeastern China to maximize production;however,the n budgets of such intensive vegetable production remain to be *** goal of this study was to determine the annual n balance and loss in a greenhouse vegetable system of annual rotation of tomato,cucumber,and celery at five n (urea) application rates (0,348,522,696,and 870 kg n ha-1 year-1).Total n input to the 0-50 cm soil layer ranged from 531 to 1 053 kg ha-1,and n fertilizer was the main n source,accounting for 66%-83% of the total annual n *** comparison,irrigation water,wet deposition,and seeds in total accounted for less than 1% of the total n *** fertilizer n use efficiency was only 18% under the conventional application rate of 870 kg n ha-1 and decreased as the application rate increased from 522 to 870 kg n *** n losses were 196-201 kg n ha-1,of which 71%-86% was lost by leaching at the application rates of 522-870 kg n ***,leaching was the primary n loss pathway at high n application rates and the amount of n leached was proportional to the n applied during the cucumber ***,dissolved organic n accounted for 10% of the leached n,whereas nH3 volatilization only contributed 0.1%-0.6% of the apparent n losses under the five n application rates in this greenhouse vegetable system.

关键词： ammonia volatilization intensive production n input n leaching n use efficiency

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