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Toxicity of newly isolated piperideine alkaloids from the red imported fire ant, Solenopsis invicta Buren, against the green peach aphid, myzus persicae (Sulzer)

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Advances in Entomology 2013年第2期1卷 20-23页

作者： Tahir Rashid Jian Chen Paul McLeod Department of Entomology University of Arkansas Fayetteville USA Extension/Research Demonstration Farm Alcorn State University Mound Bayou USA USDA-ARS National Biological Control Laboratory Stoneville USA

The green peach aphid, myzuspersicae (Sulzer), is a major insect pest of many agronomic and horticultural crops and is distributed worldwide. Aphid management is often based on application of insecticides. However, the aphid is now resistant to many of these and much interest has recently developed in identification of novel alternative insecticides. Venom isolated from the red imported fire ant, Solenopsisinvicta Buren, is composed of two groups of alkaloids, piperidines and piperideines, and has shown activity against many organisms including fungi, bacteria, mites and several insects. Prior to the study reported herein, no information on the venom’s activity to myzuspersicae has been reported. Both of the alkaloids were active against ***. The 24 h LC50 values were116.6 and 91.5 ppm for the piperideine and piperidine extracts, respectively. Based on overlap of the 95% fiducial limits the LC50 values for the two alkaloids did not significantly differ. At the high dosages, mortality occurred in as few as four hours and all treated aphids were dead by six hours. Little additional mortality was detected in the 48-hobservation. Both piperideine and piperidine extracts isolated from red imported fire ant venom possess sufficient activity to cause death of green peach aphids and at high dosages, death occurs rapidly. In the search for new replacements to synthetic insecticides, these extracts may offer a novel but potentially successful alternative.

关键词： myzus persicae Solenopsis invicta Piperideine Piperidine Toxicity

Avoidance of parasitized host by female wasps of Aphidius gifuensis (Hymenoptera:Braconidae):The role of natal rearing effects and host availability?

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Insect Science 2018年第6期25卷 1035-1044页

作者： Ming-Zhen Pan Tong-Xian Liu Christian Nansen Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management in Crops Ministry of Agriculture /Institute of Plant ProtectionChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesSine-American Biological Control LaboratoryBeijingChina State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas and Key Laboratory of Northwest Loess Plateau Crop Pest Management of Ministry of AgricultureNorthwest A and F UniversityYanglingShaanxiChina Department of Entomology and Nematology University of California DavisCAUSA

Natal rearing experience of animals may affect their behaviors,such as habitat selection and oviposition *** part of the overall fitness of insect parasitoids, successful host discrimination (distinguishing parasitized hosts from unparasitized hosts) is of paramount *** this study we examined whether and how parasitoids' natal rearing experience would affect their host discrimination ability according to host *** established separate colonies ofAphidius gifuensis Ashmead by continual rearing on two hosts,Sitobion avenae E and myzuspersicae (Suzler),and quantified self superparasitism and self superparasitism versus parasitism ratio for the four:combinations ofparasitoid colonies and host species (*** and ***)at four host densities (30,50,100 or 150 per plant).Results showed that self superparasitism *** by *** reared on *** was significantly higher than by those reared on ***,no matter whether the host densities were 30,50,100 or *** gifuensis reared on *** significantly superparasitized more *** than those reared on *** only when host density was *** superparasitism versus parasitism ratio of *** from both colonies was always lower on natal hosts than on new hosts,and the difference was more pronounced as the host density *** results suggested that natal rearing effects is important on host discrimination and oviposition decision of the parasitoid *** effects promoted the parasitoid's host adaptation and made them confer greater fitness.

关键词： host discrimination myzus persicae self superparasitism Sitobion avenae

New insights into diet breadth of polyphagous and oligophagous aphids on two Arabidopsis ecotypes

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Insect Science 2019年第4期26卷 753-769页

作者： Christopher Wattier Amelie Turbant Lisa Sargos-Vallade Jerome Pelloux Christine Rusterucci Anas Cherqui CRRBM (Centre de Ressources Regionales en Biologie Moleculaire) Universite de Picardie Jules Verne Amiens Cedex France EA 3900 BIOPI (Biologie des Plantes et Innovation) Universite de Picardie Jules Verne Amiens Cedex France FRE CNRS 3498 EDYSAN (Ecologie et Dynamique des Systemes Anthropises) University de Picardie Jules Verne Amiens Cedex France

We investigated whether plant ecotype might affect aphid performance and behavioi. The probing behaviors of the polyphagous aphid myzus persicae and the oligophagous aphid Brevicoryne brassicae on two ecotypes of Arabidopsis thaliana, WS and Col-0 were recorded using the direct current electrical penetration graph method (DC-EPG). myzus persicae displayed a significant preference for the WS ecotype but was not greatly disturbed on Col-0, while B. brassicae discriminated between the two A. thaliana ecotypes, feeding less on WS than on Col-0. A Principal Component Analysis of aphid probing behavior data recorded on Col-0 and WS ecotypes showed that the one of M. persicae was positively correlated with the phloem ingestion phases while the one of B. brassicae was more related to nonfeeding phase. The survival of the aphid species was followed during early larval stages on the two ecotypes and a significantly higher mortality was observed of B. brassicae neonates compared to M. persicae. Both reared on WS. Moreover, transcriptomic analysis of non infested plant leaves from both ecotypes was monitored and underlined constitutive differences between Col-0 and WS gene expression that might explain the different aphid behaviors. Among a unigene set comprising 39 042 sequences for A. thaliana, 6% were differently expressed affecting, for example, the secondary metabolites and cell wall pathways: two third upregulated in WS and one third upregulated in Col-0. Thus, the "ecotype” variable should be taken into account when setting up a plant-insect experimental research.

关键词： Arabidopsis thaliana Brevicoryne brassicae ecotypes EPG microarray myzus persicae

Behavior-modulating plant volatile chemical for aphids

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2002年第2期47卷 115-117页

作者： Kan, W Zhang, F Zhang, ZN Chinese Acad Sci Inst Zool Beijing 100080 Peoples R China

4-methylthio-3-butenyl isothiocyanate, a vola-tile component of Raphanus sativus leaf, was found to attract myzus persicae in the olfactometer and the field and signifi-cant differences were found at 0.001 and 0.01 le... 详细信息

关键词： Raphanus sativus plant volatiles myzus persicae bioac-tivity chemical identification.

Expression of an(E)-β-farnesene synthase gene from Asian peppermint in tobacco affected aphid infestation

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The Crop Journal 2013年第1期1卷 50-60页

作者： Xiudao Yu Yongjun Zhang Youzhi Ma Zhaoshi Xu Genping Wang Lanqin Xia Institute of Crop Sciences National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences School of Life Science and Technology Nanyang Normal University Institute of Crop Protection Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences

Aphids are major agricultural pests that cause significant yield losses in crop plants each year.(E)-β-farnesene(EβF) is the main or only component of an alarm pheromone involved in chemical communication within aphid species and particularly in the avoidance of predation. EβF also occurs in the essential oil of some plant species, and is catalyzed by EβF synthase. By using oligonucleotide primers designed from the known sequence of an EβF synthase gene from black peppermint(Mentha × piperita), two cDNA sequences, MaβFS1 and MaβFS2, were isolated from Asian peppermint(Mentha asiatica). Expression pattern analysis showed that the MaβFS1 gene exhibited higher expression in flowers than in roots, stems and leaves at the transcriptional level. Overexpression of MaβFS1 in tobacco plants resulted in emission of pure EβF ranging from 2.62 to 4.85 ng d-1g-1of fresh tissue. Tritrophic interactions involving peach aphids(myzus persicae), and predatory lacewing(Chrysopa septempunctata) larvae demonstrated that transgenic tobacco expressing MaβFS1 had lower aphid infestation. This result suggested that the EβF synthase gene from Asian peppermint could be a good candidate for genetic engineering of agriculturally important crop plants.

关键词： EβF synthase gene Mentha asiatica myzus persicae Nicotiana tabacum

Differential Deterrent Activity of Natural Products Isolated from <i>Allophylus edulis</i>(Sapindaceae)

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Advances in Biological Chemistry 2014年第2期4卷 168-179页

作者： Martina Díaz Lucía Castillo Carmen E. Díaz Ricardo Guillermo álvarez Azucena González-Coloma Carmen Rossini Instituto de Ciencias Agrarias Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas Madrid Spain Instituto de Productos Naturales y Agrobiología Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas La Laguna Tenerife Spain Laboratorio de Ecología Química Facultad de Química Universidad de la República Montevideo Uruguay

The phytochemical study of Uruguayan specimens of Allophylus edulis (Sapindaceae) yielded the isolation of various natural products being some of them reported for the first time in this species. Although most of them are ubiquitous in the plant kingdom, some revealed in this study to have anti insect properties. Two sesquiterpenes (6,7-Epoxicaryophyllene and spathulenol), two phytosterols (sitosterone and sitosterol), a pentacyclic triterpene (lupeol) and a clerodane diterpene were isolated. 6,7-Epoxycaryophyllene, lupeol and sitosterol showed to be deterrent against the aphid myzus persicae and the coleopteran Epilachna paenulata. Moreover, the crude ethanolic extract of twigs of A. edulis showed to be deterrent against both insect species being some of its fractions also active against another aphid, Rhopalosiphum padi. Various active compounds against different insect models have been isolated from the twigs extract of A. edulis. The results evidenced synergic as well as antagonistic effects in the mixture, summed to differential activity against the insects, a desirable attribute when developing botanical pesticides.

关键词： Anti Insect Allophylus edulis myzus persicae Rhopalosiphum padi Epilachna paenulata

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抗蚜威对瓜蚜和桃蚜选择性机制的研究

农药 1989年第2期28卷 1-2页

作者：高希武郑炳宗北京农业大学植保系

试验结果表明,抗蚜威对瓜蚜和桃蚜的毒力明显不同,LC_(50)值相差约365倍。造成这种选择毒性的原因主要是由于瓜蚜种群中大多数个体的乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)对抗蚜威的敏感度降低了。其中AChE对底物的米氏常数(K_m)、与抗蚜威形成复合体的... 详细信息

试验结果表明,抗蚜威对瓜蚜和桃蚜的毒力明显不同,LC_(50)值相差约365倍。造成这种选择毒性的原因主要是由于瓜蚜种群中大多数个体的乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)对抗蚜威的敏感度降低了。其中AChE对底物的米氏常数(K_m)、与抗蚜威形成复合体的解离常数(K_d)、双分子速率常数(Ki)以及氨基甲酰化常数(K_2)均有不同程度的变化,瓜蚜和桃蚜相差约1.5～4.2倍。

关键词：桃蚜瓜蚜抗蚜威氨基甲酰化常数双分子速率常数选择毒性毒力 AChE 米氏常数 myzus

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乐果防治高粱蚜、萝卜蚜、黄瓜蚜试验

东北农业科学 1964年第2期24卷 43-48页

作者：张国淳萧景姜孙凤英吉林省农业科学院植物保护研究所

前言高粱蚜(Aphis sacchari Zehntner)是我省重要的粮食作物害虫,严重影响高粱的产量;虽用 E1059防治有效,但由于 E1059对人畜有剧毒,在使用上有一定的困难。萝卜蚜(主要是 myzus persicae S.,也有 Brevicoryne brassicae L.及 Rhopalos... 详细信息

前言高粱蚜(Aphis sacchari Zehntner)是我省重要的粮食作物害虫,严重影响高粱的产量;虽用 E1059防治有效,但由于 E1059对人畜有剧毒,在使用上有一定的困难。萝卜蚜(主要是 myzus persicae S.,也有 Brevicoryne brassicae L.及 Rhopalosiphum pseudobrassicae D.)及黄瓜蚜(Aphis gossypii G.)是我省蔬菜上的两种重要虫害,常使黄瓜和萝卜成片毁灭,严重影响城乡蔬菜的供应。防治黄瓜蚜目前尚无安全有效的药剂;防治萝卜蚜,由于萝卜叶片平铺地面,蚜虫滋生叶背而且繁殖迅速,六六六等药剂不能有效地控制蔓延。因此,以上三种蚜虫都迫切需要寻找安全有效的药剂。乐果是具有内吸傅导作用对蚜虫有特效的药剂,对人畜较为安全。所以应用国产乐果进行了三种蚜虫的防治试验。

关键词：高粱蚜萝卜蚜瓜蚜 myzus Aphis gossypii 作物害虫叶背杀虫作用乐果乳油

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武汉地区油菜蚜虫秋季迁飞与预测

病虫测报 1989年第S1期18卷 75-80页

作者：周必文陈道炎李丽丽黄早花中国农科院油料作物研究所

本文研究了萝卜蚜和桃蚜秋季迁飞与温度,降雨、风速等因素的数量关系,初步提出了单因素与迁飞量的函数关系式和迁飞量的预测式。绪论我国已知的油菜蚜虫有萝卜蚜[Lipaphis ergsimc(K1tb)]、桃蚜[myzus β—ersicae(sulz)]和甘篮蚜[Brevi... 详细信息

本文研究了萝卜蚜和桃蚜秋季迁飞与温度,降雨、风速等因素的数量关系,初步提出了单因素与迁飞量的函数关系式和迁飞量的预测式。绪论我国已知的油菜蚜虫有萝卜蚜[Lipaphis ergsimc(K1tb)]、桃蚜[myzus β—ersicae(sulz)]和甘篮蚜[Brevicoryne brassicae(L.)]三种。在武汉地区以萝卜蚜和桃蚜占绝大多数。作者于1962年和1978—1982年在武昌用黄盘诱蚜六个年次。

关键词：油菜蚜虫萝卜蚜桃蚜 myzus 人工气候箱若蚜诱集油菜田预测式变温条件