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Translational machinery and translation regulation in axon regeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第5期20卷 1392-1394页

作者： Homaira Nawabi Stephane Belin Univ.Grenoble Alpes InsermU1216Grenoble Institut NeurosciencesGrenobleFrance

Over the centuries,the regeneration field has been puzzled by the dual response of the central nervous system(CNS-brain,spinal cord,cranial nervesⅠandⅡ)and the peripheral nervous system(PNS that refers to all the nerves that innervate muscles,skin,organs,bones among others).Even Ramon y Cajal had noticed that an injury to the PNS often leads to axon regrowth,in contrast to the CNS.

关键词： nerves organs muscles

Spinal cord injury reprograms muscle fibroadipogenic progenitors to form heterotopic bones within muscles

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Bone Research 2022年第2期10卷 310-325页

作者： Hsu-Wen Tseng Dorothée Girard Kylie A.Alexander Susan M.Millard Frédéric Torossian Adrienne Anginot Whitney Fleming Jules Gueguen Marie-Emmanuelle Goriot Denis Clay Beulah Jose Bianca Nowlan Allison R.Pettit Marjorie Salga François Genêt Marie-Caroline Le Bousse-Kerdilès Sébastien Banzet Jean-Pierre Lévesque Mater Research Institute-The University of Queensland WoolloongabbaQLDAustralia Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées(IRBA) INSERM UMRS-MD1197 ClamartFrance INSERM UMRS-MD 1197 Universitéde Paris-SaclayHôpital Paul BrousseVillejuifFrance INSERM UMS-44 Universitéde Paris-SaclayHôpital Paul BrousseVillejuifFrance UPOH(UnitéPéri Opératoire du Handicap Perioperative Disability Unit)Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine departmentRaymond-PoincaréHospitalAssistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris(AP-HP)GarchesFrance Universitéde Versailles Saint Quentin en Yvelines UFR Simone Veil-SantéEND:ICAP INSERM U1179Montigny le BretonneuxFrance

The cells of origin of neurogenic heterotopic ossifications(NHOs), which develop frequently in the periarticular muscles following spinal cord injuries(SCIs) and traumatic brain injuries, remain unclear because skeletal muscle harbors two progenitor cell populations: satellite cells(SCs), which are myogenic, and fibroadipogenic progenitors(FAPs), which are mesenchymal. Lineage-tracing experiments using the Cre recombinase/Lox P system were performed in two mouse strains with the fluorescent protein Zs Green specifically expressed in either SCs or FAPs in skeletal muscles under the control of the Pax7 or Prrx1 gene promoter, respectively. These experiments demonstrate that following muscle injury, SCI causes the upregulation of PDGFRα expression on FAPs but not SCs and the failure of SCs to regenerate myofibers in the injured muscle, with reduced apoptosis and continued proliferation of muscle resident FAPs enabling their osteogenic differentiation into NHOs. No cells expressing Zs Green under the Prrx1 promoter were detected in the blood after injury, suggesting that the cells of origin of NHOs are locally derived from the injured muscle. We validated these findings using human NHO biopsies. PDGFRα+mesenchymal cells isolated from the muscle surrounding NHO biopsies could develop ectopic human bones when transplanted into immunocompromised mice, whereas CD56+myogenic cells had a much lower potential. Therefore, NHO is a pathology of the injured muscle in which SCI reprograms FAPs to undergo uncontrolled proliferation and differentiation into osteoblasts.

关键词： progenitor injuries muscles

How to make the "jump" on understanding the importance of the intrinsic foot muscles for propulsion

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2023年第5期12卷 648-650页

作者： Michael J.Asmussen Department of Biology Faculty of Science&TechnologyMount Royal UniversityCalgaryAB T3E 6K6Canada

In this issue of the Journal of Sport and Health Science,Smith and colleagues1addressed a unique aspect of human locomotion;they evaluated the effects of the intrinsic foot musculature on the mechanical properties and energetic function of the human foot.By performing a controlled jumping experiment to mimic components of human locomotion.

关键词： intrinsic muscles propulsion

Gyejibokryeong-Hwan improves recovery of injured muscles in mouse model of muscle contusion

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Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine 2021年第3期41卷 406-413页

作者： Chi Ho Lee Jeong June Choi Joo Hye Sim Younmin Shin Seung-Joon Oh Ji-Hyang Gu Hyun Ju Ha Dong Hwi Jeon Eun-Jung Lee Min-Seok Oh Department of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation College of Korean MedicineDaejeon UniversityDaejeon 34520Republic of Korea Laboratory of Molecular Medicine College of Korean MedicineDaejeon UniversityDaejeon 34520Republic of Korea

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of Gyejibokryeong-Hwan(Guizhifuling-wan, GBH) on muscle injury in a mouse model of muscle contusion.METHODS: C57/BL6 mouse biceps femoris muscles were injured using the drop-mass method and injured animals were treated orally with GBH(50,100, or 500 mg/kg) once a day for 7 d. Open field and treadmill running tests were performed to assess functional recovery from muscle injury. The production of pro-inflammatory cytokines was examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and Western blotting analysis. Expression of the muscle regeneration biomarkers, myoblast determination(Myo D), myogenic factor 5(Myf5), and smooth muscle actin(α-SMA), in the biceps femoris muscle was investigated at the protein and m RNA level by Western blotting and real time-PCR, respectively. Histological analysis was performed using hematoxylin and eosin staining. Finally, myosin heavy chain production was investigated in differentiated C2C12 myoblasts in the presence of GBH.RESULTS: GBH treatment markedly improved locomotion and running behavior. GBH significantly inhibited the secretion of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 into the bloodstream in muscle-contused animals. The levels of Myo D, Myf5, and α-SMA protein and m RNA were significantly up-regulated by GBH in injured muscle tissue. Histological studies suggested that GBH facilitated recovery from muscle damage. However, GBH did not induce the production of myosin heavy chain in vitro.CONCLUSION: Overall, the present study suggested that GBH improves the recovery of the injured muscles in the mouse model of muscle contusion.

关键词： muscles wounds and injuries contusions regeneration muscle skeletal myogenic regulatory factor 5 Gyejibokryeong-Hwan

Immediate muscle strengthening by an end-effector type gait robot with reduced real-time use of leg muscles: A case series and review of literature

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2019年第19期7卷 2976-2985页

作者： Chang Ho Hwang Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Ulsan University Hospital University of Ulsan College of Medicine Department of Biomedical Engineering School of Electrical EngineeringUniversity of Ulsan

BACKGROUND De-afferentation or non-weight bearing induces rapid cortical and spinalα-motor neuron excitability.Author supposed that an end-effector type gait robot(EEGR)could provide patients with a training condition that was specific enough to activate rapid cortical/spinal neuroplasticity,leading to immediate muscle strengthening.The electromyographic and biomechanical comparisons were conducted.AIM To compare the electromyographic activities of the thigh and shank muscles and isometric peak torque(PT)before and after walking training on a floor or in the end-effector gait robot.METHODS Twelve outpatients without ambulatory dysfunction were recruited.Order of two interventions(5-min training on a floor at a comfortable pace or training in an EEGR with non-weight bearing on their feet and 100%guidance force at 2.1 km/h)were randomly chosen.Isometric PT,maximal ratio of torque development,amplitude of compound motor action potential(CMAP),and area under the curve(AUC)were evaluated before and 10 min after both interventions.RESULTS The degree of PT improvement of the dominant knee flexors was larger in the EEGR than on the floor(9.6±22.4 Nm/BW,Pmuscles(peak CMAP,mean and peak AUC)were significantly lower for the use of the EEGR than walking on the floor.CONCLUSION Immediate strengthening of the knee flexors and extensors was induced after the 5-min EEGR training,despite reduced muscular use.

关键词： Robotics Rehabilitation muscles Neuronal plasticity Gait Knee

Muscle Fiber Type Changes in Lumbrical muscles at Early Stages of Chronic Nerve Compression

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Current Medical Science 2019年第1期39卷 59-66页

作者： Zhen-yu LIU Jiang-hai CHEN Zhen-bing CHEN Department of Hand Surgery Union HospitalTongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430022China

Chronic nerve compression(CNC)neuropathy is a common disease in the clinic and provokes paraesthesia,or numbness at early stage.The changes in muscle fiber composition and motor nerve terminal morphology in distal muscles were studied in this study.A well-established CNC model was used to assess the changes in the muscles.Behaviors were measured by von Frey filament test The myosin heavy chain isoforms and neuromuscular junctions(NMJs)were stained by immunofluorescence to show the muscle fiber types composition and motor nerve terminals morphologic changes in the flexor digitorum longus(FDL)and lumbrical muscle.The fiber cross-sectional areas of different muscle fiber types were measured.The small-fiber degeneration of cutaneous nerve fibers was examined by detecting the protein gene product 9.5(PGP9.5)with immunofluorescence.At 2nd month after compression,the proportion of type I and type IIB fibers was markedly decreased,and that of type n A fibers was increased in the lumbrical muscle.There was no significant change in composition of muscle fiber types in FDL and NMJ morphology of FDL and lumbrical muscles.Intra-epidermal nerve fibre density(IENFD)declined at 2nd month after the compression.Our study reveals the morphological changes of the FDL and lumbrical muscle at an early stage of CNC.These findings may be helpful to understand muscle damage and pathophysiological development of the nerve compression,and provide new evidence for early treatment of CNC.

关键词： chronic nerve compression neuropathy carpal tunnel syndrome lumbrical muscles intra-epidermal nerve fiber density neuromuscular junctions

Modeling and compensation of hysteresis for pneumatic artificial muscles based on Gaussian mixture models

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2019年第7期62卷 1094-1102页

作者： XU JiHao XIAO MuBang DING Ye State Key Laboratory of Mechanical System and Vibration School of Mechanical Engineering Shanghai Jiao Tong University

This paper presents a new data-driven model of length-pressure hysteresis of pneumatic artificial muscles(PAMs) based on Gaussian mixture models(GMMs). By ignoring the high-order dynamics, the hysteresis of PAMs is modeled as a first-order nonlinear dynamical system based on GMMs, and inversion of the model is subsequently derived. Several verification experiments are conducted. Firstly, parameters of the model are identified under low-frequency triangle-wave pressure excitations.Then, pressure signals with different amplitudes, shapes and frequencies are applied to the PAM to test the prediction performance of the model. The proposed model shows advantages in identification efficiency and prediction precision compared with a generalized Prandtl–Ishlinskii(GPI) model and a modified generalized Prandtl–Ishlinskii(MGPI) model. Finally, the effectiveness of the inverse model is demonstrated by implementing the feedforward hysteresis compensation in trajectory tracking experiments.

关键词： hysteresis modeling hysteresis compensation pneumatic artificial muscles (PAMs) Gaussian mixture model (GMM)

Effect of Changes in Bolus Viscosity on Swallowing muscles in Patients with Dysphagia after Stroke

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Chinese Medical Journal 2018年第23期131卷 2868-2870页

作者： Shuang Wu Lan Chu Chun-Feng Liu Qian Zhang Yi-Fan Zhang Teng-Fei Zhou Zhi-Tao Wang Rui-Han Ni Yuan Li Department of Neurology The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow UniversitySuzhouJiangsu 215004China Department of Rehabilitation The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangGuizhou 550004China Department of Neurology The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangGuizhou 550004China Institute of Neuroscience of Soochow University SuzhouJiangsu 215004China

To the Editor:In the last recent years,significant progress has been achieved in research on dysphagia.This is important because approximately 50% of patients with dysphagia after acute stroke still have a slow functional recovery,and the duration of disease may last for several months or the whole life.The ultimate aim of dysphagia treatment is for patients to be able to eat again and to examine if the influence of eating conditions is inevitable in dysphagia research.

关键词： Swallowing muscles

Painless swollen calf muscles of a 75-year-old patient caused by bilateral venous malformations

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2017年第7期8卷 602-605页

作者： Roderick S M Piekaar Eline W Zwitser Paul P A Hedeman Joosten Joris A Jansen Department of orthopaedic surgery Alrijne Hospital Department of vascular surgery Alrijne Hospital

A 75-year-old man presented with knee pain due to medial osteoarthritis of the knee in the orthopedic outpatient clinic. Conservative treatment was started with steroid infiltration. Besides his knee complaint reported a bilateral painless swollen calf muscle without traumatic cause, and also without any pain at night, fever or medical illness. On physical examination the soleus muscle had a swollen aspect in both calfs. The skin appeared normal without deformities and the arterial pulsations were intact. An X-ray did not show abnormalities in the tibia. Magnetic resonance imaging of the legs revealed bilateral multiple saccular intramuscular venous malformations involving the soleus muscle. Intramuscular venous malformations in skeletal muscles are rare, especially when the occurrence is bilateral. Bilateral venous malformations have the potential to be missed because of the intramuscular localization. Symptoms of intramuscular venous malformation can be often mild and overlap with nonexercise related compartment syndrome, claudication, lymphedema and post thrombotic syndrome or muscle strains.

关键词： Venous malformations Bilateral intramuscular venous malformation Swollen calf muscles