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multidrug resistant Escherichia coli strains isolated from urine sample,University of Gondar Hospital,Northwest Ethiopia

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Journal of Coastal Life Medicine 2016年第2期4卷 140-142页

作者： Setegn Eshetie Fentahun Tarekegn Gemechu Kumera Feleke Mekonnen Department of Medical Microbiology School of Biomedical and Laboratory SciencesCollege of Medicine and Health SciencesUniversity of GondarGondarEthiopia Departemnt of Anesthesia College of Medicine and Health SciencesDebre Tabor UniversityDebre TaborEthiopia Department of Public health College of Medicine and Health SciencesDebre Markos UniversityDebre MarkosEthiopia Management Science for Health(MSH) Help Ethiopia Address the Low TB PerformanceFinote SelamEthiopia

Objective:To assess multidrug resistant(MDR)Escherichia coli(***)isolates from patients with urinary tract ***:From February to June 2014,a cross sectional study was conducted among urinary tract infection patients at the University of Gondar *** and disk diffusion method were used for *** isolation and to determine the antibiotic susceptibility *** were entered and analyzed using SPSS version 20.P<0.05 was considered as statistically ***:A total of 112 *** isolates were identified and the rate of isolation was higher among female participants(28.7%;P=0.03).Of the isolates,104(92.9%)were MDR ***;and the isolates showed high resistance rates towards ampicillin(99%),cotrimoxazole(69%),chloramphenicol(58.7%),gentamycin(56.7%)and ceftazidime(55.8%).However,comparative isolates showed low resistance rates to ciprofloxacin(1%),cefepime(8.7%),and ceftriaxone(11.5%).Moreover,resistance rates of MDR *** isolates were significantly higher than non-MDR strains for ceftazidime(55.8%versus 12.5%;P=0.015),and ampicillin(99%versus 87.5%;P=0.018).Conclusions:High prevalence of MDR *** isolates was observed in this *** monitoring of antibiotic resistance rates is necessarily required to improve and revise empirical antibiotic therapy protocols.

关键词： Antibiotic resistance pattern Escherichia coli multidrug resistant Urinary tract infection

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Synergistic Effect of Combined Antibiotics against Some Selected multidrug resistant Human Pathogenic Bacteria Isolated from Poultry Droppings in Akure, Nigeria

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Advances in Microbiology 2016年第14期6卷 1075-1090页

作者： Funmilola Oluyemi Omoya Kehinde Oluyemi Ajayi Department of Microbiology Federal University of Technology Akure Nigeria

Antibiotic resistant bacteria pass between humans, between animals and between humans and animals in both directions, the use of antibiotics in poultry has contributed to multiple antibiotic resistant in pathogenic bacteria and use of two antibiotics might prevent the emergence of resistance to either. In this study, synergistic effect of combined antibiotics against multidrug resistant human pathogenic bacterial isolates from poultry droppings in Akure, Nigeria was examined. Collection of samples, isolation and identification of bacteria were carried out using standard microbiological method, antibiotic sensitivity test was performed by disc diffusion method and zone of inhibition was used to interpret the sensitivity test as resistant, susceptible or intermediate while combined effects of two antibiotics were investigated by macrobroth dilution and checkerboard assay methods while the synergetic effects of combined antibiotics were calculated using Fractional Inhibitory Concentration (FIC) and percentage synergistic interaction was calculated. All the ten (10) species of bacterial isolates were multidrug resistant and are less resistant to ofloxacin. The highest percentage synergistic interactions observed were Ofloxacin + Amoxicillin (90%), Ciprofloxacin + Amoxicillin (90%), Tetracycline + Amoxicillin (70%), Tetracycline + Augmentin (80%), Cotrimoxazol + Amoxicillin (50%), Cotrimoxazol + Augmentin (70%), Chloramphenicol + Amoxicillin (70%) and Chloramphenicol + Augmentin (80%). Poultry droppings is a potential source of human pathogenic bacteria, high frequency of multiple antibiotic resistance bacteria observed in this study is of great treat to man as this may cause the treatment of infection caused by these bacteria to be difficult. Combination of beta-lactam antibiotic with fluoroqunolones, tetracycline, Chloramphenicol and Cotrimoxazole was synergetic and this will reduce dose related toxicity and prevent resistance to single antibiotic.

关键词： Antibiotic resistant Pathogenic Bacteria multidrug resistant Synergistic Effect Combined Antibiotic

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Efficacy and Safety of Combined Bedaquiline and Delamanid Use among Patients with multidrug-resistant Tuberculosis in Beijing,China

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2024年第10期37卷 1195-1203页

作者： Can Guo Lihui Nie Yanhua Song Rongmei Liu Xiaoguang Wu Yuanyuan Shang Xuxia Zhang Yu Pang Mengqiu Gao Department of Tuberculosis Beijing Chest HospitalCapital Medical University/Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research InstituteBeijing 101149China Department of Bacteriology and Immunology Beijing Chest HospitalCapital Medical University/Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research InstituteBeijing 101149China

Objectives The combined use of bedaquiline and delamanid(BDQ-DLM)is limited by an increased risk of prolonging the QTc *** retrospectively evaluated patients who received DLM/BDQcontaining regimens at a TB-specialized *** aimed to present clinical efficacy and safety data for Chinese *** This case-control study included patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis(MDR-TB)treated with BDQ alone or BDQ plus *** A total of 96 patients were included in this analysis:64 in the BDQ group and 32 in the BDQ+DLM *** the 96 patients with positive sputum culture at the initiation of BDQ alone or BDQ combined with DLM,46 patients(71.9%)in the BDQ group and 29(90.6%)in the BDQ-DLM group achieved sputum culture conversion during *** rate of sputum culture conversion did not differ between the two *** time to sputum culture conversion was significantly shorter in the BDQ-DLM group than in the BDQ *** most frequent adverse event was QTc interval prolongation;however,the frequency of adverse events did not differ between the *** In conclusion,our results demonstrate that the combined use of BDQ and DLM is efficacious and tolerable in Chinese patients infected with *** in the BDQ-DLM group achieved sputum culture conversion sooner than those in the BDQ group.

关键词： multidrug resistant Tuberculosis Bedaquiline Delamanid Efficacy Safety

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Phenotypic and molecular characterizations of multidrug-resistant diarrheagenic *** of calf origin

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Animal Diseases 2021年第3期1卷 192-204页

作者： Shan Yue Zecai Zhang Yu Liu Yulong Zhou Chenhua Wu Wenjing Huang Nannan Ghen Zhanbo Zhu College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural UniversityDaqing 163319China Heilongjiang Provincial Technology Innovation Center for Bovine Disease Control and Prevention Daqing 163319China Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Bovine Diseases Daqing 163319China Heilongjiang Province Cultivating Collaborative Innovation Center for The Beidahuang Modern Agricultural Industry Technology Daqing 163319China

Escherichia coli has become one of the most important causes of calf *** aim of this study is to determine the patterns of antimicrobial resistance of *** isolates from six cattle farms and to identify prominent resistance genes and virulence genes among the strains isolated from the diarrhea of *** susceptibility tests were performed using the disk diffusion method,and PCR was used to detect resistance and virulence *** prevalence of multidrug resistant(MDR)*** was 77.8%in dairy cattle and 63.6%in beef *** were high resistance rates to penicillin(100%,100%)and ampicillin(96.3%,86.4%)in *** from dairy cattle and beef ***,resistance rate to antimicrobials and distribution of resistance genes in£coli isolated from dairy cattle were higher than those in beef *** analysis showed that the most prevalent resistance genes were blojm and oodAl in dairy cattle and beef cattle,***,seven diarrheagenic virulence genes(irp2,fyuA,Stx1,eoeA,F41,K99 and STa)were present in the isolates from dairy cattle,with a prevalence ranging from 3.7%to 22.22%.Six diarrheagenic virulence genes(irp2,fyuA,Stx1,eoeA,hylA and F41)were identified in the isolates from beef cattle,with a prevalence ranging from 2.27%to 63.64%.Our results provide important evidence for better exploring their interaction *** studies are also needed to understand the origin and transmission route of£coli in cattle to reduce its prevalence.

关键词： Dairy calves Beef calves E.coli multidrug resistant Virulence gene

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Sources of multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii and its role in respiratory tract colonization and nosocomial pneumonia in intensive care unit patients

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Chinese Medical Journal 2013年第10期126卷 1826-1831页

作者： HUANG Jie CHEN Er-zhen QU Hong-ping MAO En-qiang ZHUZheng-gang NI Yu-xing HANLi-zhong TANG Yao-qing Department of Intensive Care UnitRuijin Hospital School ofMedicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200025 China Department of SurgeryRuijin Hospital School ofMedicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200025 China Department ofClinical MicrobiologyRuijin Hospital School ofMedicine Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200025 China

Background multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii （MDRAB） is an important and emerging hospital-acquired pathogen worldwide. This study was conducted to identify the sources of MDRAB and its role in respiratory tract colonization and nosocomial pneumonia in intensive care unit （ICU） patients. Methods We conducted a prospective active surveillance study of MDRAB in three ICUs at a Chinese Hospital from April to August 2011, to identify the sources of MDRAB and its role in respiratory tract colonization and nosocomial pneumonia. Results One hundred and fourteen （13.0%） MDRAB isolates were detected from 876 specimens, with a sensitivity of 11.6% （55/474） in screening of the pharyngeal and tracheal swabs, and 14.7% （59/402） of the sputum/endotracheal aspirates. MDRAB colonization/infection was found in 34 （26.8%） of 127 patients, including 16 （12.6%） cases of pure colonization and 18 （14.2%） cases of pneumonia （two pre-ICU-acquired cases of pneumonia and 16 ICU-acquired cases of pneumonia）. Previous respiratory tract MDRAB colonization was found in 22 （17.3%） patients： eight （6.3%） were pre-ICU-acquired colonization and 14 （11.0%）ICU-acquired colonization. Of eight pre-ICU-colonized patients, five were transferred from other wards or hospitals with hospitalization 〉72 hours, and three came from the community with no previous hospitalization. Overall, 6/22 colonized patients presented with secondary pneumonia; only two （9.1%） colonized MDRAB strains were associated with secondary infections. Respiratory tract MDRAB colonization had no significant relationship with nosocomial pneumonia （P=0.725）. In addition, acute respiratory failure, mechanical ventilation, renal failure, and prior carbapenem use were risk factors for MDRAB colonization/infection. Conclusions A high proportion of cases of MDRAB colonization/infection in ICU patients were detected through screening cultures. About one-third were acquired from general wards and the community before ICU admission. The

关键词： acinetobacter baumannii colonization multidrug resistant pneumonia

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Beyond Antibiotics:Photo/Sonodynamic Approaches for Bacterial Theranostics

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Nano-Micro Letters 2020年第10期12卷 313-335页

作者： Xin Pang Dengfeng Li Jing Zhu Jingliang Cheng Gang Liu Henan Key Laboratory of Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Molecular Imaging Department of Magnetic Resonance ImagingThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University450052 ZhengzhouPeople’s Republic of China State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics and Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine School of Public HealthXiamen University361102 XiamenPeople’s Republic of China Amoy Hopeful Biotechnology Co. Ltd361027 XiamenPeople’s Republic of China

Rapid evolution and propagation of multidrug resistance among bacterial pathogens are outpacing the development of new antibiotics,but antimicrobial photodynamic therapy(aPDT)provides an excellent *** treatment depends on the interaction between light and photoactivated sensitizer to generate reactive oxygen species(ROS),which are highly cytotoxic to induce apoptosis in virtually all microorganisms without resistance *** replacing light with low-frequency ultrasonic wave to activate sensitizer,a novel ultrasounddriven treatment emerges as antimicrobial sonodynamic therapy(aSDT).Recent advances in aPDT and aSDT reveal golden opportunities for the management of multidrug resistant bacterial infections,especially in the theranostic application where imaging diagnosis can be accomplished facilely with the inherent optical characteristics of sensitizers,and the generated ROS by aPDT/SDT cause broad-spectrum oxidative damage for *** this review,we systemically outline the mechanisms,targets,and current progress of aPDT/SDT for bacterial theranostic ***,potential limitations and future perspectives are also highlighted.

关键词： Photodynamic therapy Sonodynamic therapy Theranostics multidrug resistant Reactive oxygen species

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Donor-derived infections among Chinese donation after cardiac death liver recipients

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第31期23卷 5809-5816页

作者： Qi-Fa Ye Wei Zhou Qi-Quan Wan Department of Transplant Surgery the Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University Department of Transplant Surgery Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University

AIM To investigate blood cultures of deceased donors and report the confirmed transmission of bacterial infection from donors to liver *** We retrospectively studied the results of blood cultures among our donation after cardiac death(DCD) donors and calculated the donor-derived bacterial infection rates among liver recipients. Study participants underwent liver transplantation between January 1, 2010 and February 1, 2017. The study involved a total of 67 recipients of liver grafts from 67 DCD donors. We extracted the data of donors' and patients' characteristics, culture results and clinical outcomes, especially the post-transplant complications in liver recipients, from electronic medical records. We analyzed the characteristics of the donors and the corresponding liver recipients with emphasis put on donor-derived *** Head trauma was the most common origin of death among our 67 DCD donors(46.3%). Blood taken prior to the procurement operation was cultured for 53 of the donors, with 17 episodes of bloodstream infections developing from 13 donors. The predominant organism isolated from the blood of donors was Gram-positive bacteria(70.6%). Only three(4.5%) of 67 liver recipients developed confirmed donor-derived bacterial infections,with two isolates of multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae and one isolate of multidrug-resistant Enterobacter aerogenes. The liver recipients with donorderived infections showed relation to higher crude mortality and graft loss rates(33.3% each) within 3 mo post transplantation, as compared to those without donor-derived infections(9.4% and 4.7%, respectively). All three liver recipients received appropriate antimicrobial *** Liver recipients have high occurrence of donor-derived infections. The liver recipients with donor-derived multidrug-resistant Enterobacteriaceae infections can have good outcome if appropriate antimicrobial therapy is given.

关键词： Liver transplant Donation after cardiac death donor Infection multidrug resistant Bacteria Transmission

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Bacterial Infections in Cirrhosis

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Infectious Microbes & Diseases 2021年第3期3卷 117-124页

作者： Marta Tonon Paolo Angeli Salvatore Piano State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases National Clinical Research Center for Infectious DiseasesCollaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious DiseaseThe First Affiliated HospitalZhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouZhejiangChina

Bacterial infections are the most common trigger of acute decompensation of *** occurrence of infections in cirrhosis is associated with the development of organ dysfunctions,failures,and acute on chronic liver *** combination of infections and organ dysfunction/acute on chronic liver failure dramatically increases the mortality risk in these *** in cirrhosis are a big challenge for clinicians,since the mortality from sepsis is increasing in these patients *** rapid and progressive spread of multiresistant bacteria has been blamed for the increased mortality *** studies have shown that early diagnosis and appropriate administration of antibiotic treatment are crucial for improving prognosis in these ***,the prevention and treatment of acute kidney injury and organ failures are fundamental parts of management of infections in *** we provided a concise and updated review of the literature on bacterial infections in patients with cirrhosis.

关键词： liver cirrhosis liver transplantation multidrug resistant sepsis septic shock

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INDUCTION OF APOPTOSIS IN S-180 AND S-180R TUMOR CELLS BY ADRIAMYCIN IN VIVO

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Chinese Journal of Cancer Research 1996年第3期8卷 21-24页

作者：韩复生王晓燕张霆钧郭莹李陆英

Apoptosis of tumor cells have become a new standard for chemotherapy. It is useful to demonstrate induction of apoptosis in tumor cells by anti-cancer drugs in vivo. We reported the results of apoptosis induction in murine tumor cell line S-180 and it's resistant cell line S-180R by adriamycin in different dose and different time. We found that apoptosis in S-180 cells could be induced by low dose of adriamycin, the apoptosis was started at 24 h. after the administration, and reached to 62.5% of the cells to apptosis until 72 h. Comparison with the parental cell line, only 13% of S-180R cells were apoptosed. At high dose, 20% of S-180R cells were apoptosed, whereas, almost all S-180 cells were killed in the same time. The lymphocytes were appeared in abdominal cavity of the mice after treatment of adriamycin for 24 h. It was very interested to find out that there was no lymphocyte left in the abdominal cavity of the mice with S-180R cells treated at high dose of adriamycin.

关键词： Apoptosis induction S-180 and S-180R cell lines multidrug resistant Adriamycin.

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Stenotrophomonas maltophilia,an emerging pathogen in newborns:Three case reports and a review of the literature

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World Journal of Clinical Infectious Diseases 2021年第1期11卷 11-18页

作者： Bijaylaxmi Behera Department of Pediatrics&Neonatology Chaitanya HospitalChandigarh 160044India

BACKGROUND Stenotrophomonas maltophilia(***)is a rare cause of neonatal sepsis with significant morbidity and mortality and has extensive resistance to several antibiotics leaving few options for antimicrobial *** a few cases have been reported in neonates from developing *** report three cases of critically ill,extramural babies with neonatal *** *** three babies recovered and were *** SUMMARY All three cases were term extramural babies,who were critically ill at the time of presentation at our neonatal intensive care *** had features of multiorgan dysfunction at *** culture was positive for *** in two babies and one had a positive tracheal aspirate *** babies were treated according to the antibiogram *** recovered and were subsequently *** Although various authors have reported *** in pediatric and adult populations,only a few cases have been reported in the newborn period and this infection is even rarer in developing *** *** infection has a grave outcome,our three babies were successfully treated and subsequently discharged.

关键词： Ceftriaxone multidrug resistant Neonatal sepsis Stenotrophomonas maltophilia Cotrimoxazole Tigecycline

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