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Driftor: mitigating cloud-based side-channel attacks by switching and migrating multi-executor virtual machines

Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2019年第5期20卷 731-748页

作者： Chao YANG Yun-fei GUO Hong-chao HU Ya-wen WANG Qing TONG Ling-shu LI National Digital Switching System Engineering & Technological Research Center Zhengzhou 450003 China

Co-residency of different tenants’ virtual machines(VMs) in cloud provides a good chance for side-channel attacks, which results in information leakage. However, most of current defense suffers from the generality or compatibility problem, thus failing in immediate real-world deployment. VM migration, an inherit mechanism of cloud systems, envisions a promising countermeasure, which limits co-residency by moving VMs between servers. Therefore, we first set up a unified practical adversary model, where the attacker focuses on effective side channels. Then we propose Driftor, a new cloud system that contains VMs of a multi-executor structure where only one executor is active to provide service through a proxy, thus reducing possible information leakage. Active state is periodically switched between executors to simulate defensive effect of VM migration. To enhance the defense, real VM migration is enabled at the same time. Instead of solving the migration satisfiability problem with intractable CIRCUIT-SAT, a greedy-like heuristic algorithm is proposed to search for a viable solution by gradually expanding an initial has-to-migrate set of VMs. Experimental results show that Driftor can not only defend against practical fast side-channel attack, but also bring about reasonable impacts on real-world cloud applications.

关键词： Cloud computing Side-channel attack Information leakage multi-executor structure Virtual machine switch Virtual machine migration

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