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3D Surface velocity retrieval of mountain glacier using an offset tracking technique applied to ascending and descending SAR constellation data:a case study of the Yiga glacier

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International Journal of Digital Earth 2019年第6期12卷 614-624页

作者： Qun Wang Jinghui Fan Wei Zhou Liqiang Tong Zhaocheng Guo Guang Liu Weilin Yuan Joaquim Joao Sousa Zbigniew Perski School of Land Science and Technology China University of GeosciencesBeijingPeople’s Republic of China Division of Remote Sensing for Environment China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and ResourcesBeijingPeople’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of Digital Earth Science Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital EarthChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingPeople’s Republic of China School of Sciences and Technology University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto DouroVila RealPortugal Centre for Robotics in Industry and Intelligent Systems INESC TECPortoPortugal Polish Geological Institute—National Research Institute CracowPoland

COSMO-SkyMed is a constellation of four X-band high-resolution radar satellites with a minimum revisit period of 12 *** satellites can obtain ascending and descending synthetic aperture radar(SAR)images with very similar periods for use in the three-dimensional(3D)inversion of glacier *** this paper,based on ascending and descending COSMO-SkyMed data acquired at nearly the same time,the surface velocity of the Yiga glacier,located in the Jiali County,Tibet,China,is estimated in four directions using an offset tracking technique during the periods of 16 January to 3 February 2017 and 1 February to 19 February *** the geometrical relationships between the measurements and the SAR images,the least square method is used to retrieve the 3D components of the glacier surface velocity in the eastward,northward and upward *** results show that applying the offset tracking technique to COSMO-SkyMed images can be used to derive the true 3D velocity of a glacier’s *** the two periods,the Yiga glacier had a stable velocity,and the maximum surface velocity,2.4 m/d,was observed in the middle portion of the glacier,which corresponds to the location of the steepest slope.

关键词： mountain glacier inversion of 3D movement offset tracking SAR constellation data

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Insights into mercury in glacier snow and its incorporation into meltwater runoff based on observations in the southern Tibetan Plateau

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2018年第6期30卷 130-142页

作者： Shiwei Sun Shichang Kang Junming Guo Qianggong Zhang Rukumesh Paudyal Xuejun Sun Dahe Qin State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 China Key Laboratory of Tibetan Environment Changes and Land Surface Processes Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China CAS Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences Beijing 100101 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

The Tibetan Plateau（TP） is recognized as ＂Water Tower of Asia＂. Yet our understanding of mechanisms influencing incorporation of mercury（Hg） into freshwater in mountain glaciers on the TP remains quite limited. Extensive sampling of environmental matrices（e.g., snow/ice）were conducted on the East Rongbuk glacier on Mt. Everest and Zhadang glacier on *** for Hg speciation analysis. Speciated Hg behaved quite different during snowmelt： a preferential early release of DHg（dissolved Hg） was observed at the onset of snowmelt, whereas PHg（particulate-bound Hg） and THg（total Hg） become relatively enriched in snow and released later. Small fraction of Hg in snow was lost during a snowmelt day（18.9%–34.7%） with a large proportion（58.1%–87.3%） contributed by PHg decrease, indicating that the deposited Hg is most likely retained in glacier snow/ice. Furthermore, THg were positively correlated with PHg and crustal major ions（e.g., Ca2＋, Mg2＋） during snowmelt, indicating that Hg is mainly migrated with particulates. The main pathway of Hg loss during snowmelt was most probably associated with release of PHg with meltwater, which was greatly influenced by ablation intensity of snow/ice. This should be paid particular concern as Hg preserved in mountain glaciers will mostly enter aquatic ecosystem as climate warms, impacting on downstream ecosystems adversely. Obvious decrease of THg during the downstream transport from glacier was observed with a large proportion contributed by PHg decrease. The main removal mechanism of Hg was associated with sedimentation of PHg during the transport process.

关键词： Mercury speciation Snow/ice Migration Transport mountain glacier Tibetan Plateau

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