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Preparation of CeO_(2) abrasives by reducing atmosphere-assisted molten salt method for enhancing their chemical mechanical polishing performance on SiO_(2)substrates

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Journal of Rare Earths 2023年第10期41卷 1627-1635,I0006页

作者： Ning Xu Jiahui Ma Qi Liu Yuxin Luo Yongping Pu School of Material Science and Engineering Shaanxi University of Science&TechnologyXi'an710021China Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Green Preparation and Functionalization for Inorganic Materials Xi'an710021China

Ce^(3+)as the active site on the CeO_(2)abrasive surface is the key to enhancing the material removal rate(MRR).The CeO_(2)abrasives with high chemical activity were prepared by the molten salt method under a reducing atmosphere.The crystal structure and morphology of CeO_(2)abrasive s were characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),transmission electron microscopy(TEM),Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR),ultraviolet—visible diffuse reflectance spectroscopy(UV-Vis DRS),and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS).The CeO_(2)abrasives were obtained under different atmospheres(Air,Ar,and Ar/H_(2)).With the enhancement of the reducing atmosphere,the morphology of the abrasives transforms from spherical to octahedral,while more oxygen vacancies and Ce^(3+)are generated on the surface of CeO_(2)abrasives.The CMP experiments show that the MRRs of the CeO_(2)-Air,CeO_(2)-Ar,and CeO_(2)-Ar/H_(2)abrasives on SiO_(2)substrates are 337.60,578.74,and 691.28 nm/min,respectively.Moreover,as confirmed by atomic force microscopy(AFM),the substrate surfaces exhibit low roughness(20.5 nm)after being polished using all of the prepared samples.Especially,the MRR of CeO_(2)-Ar/H_(2)abrasives is increased by 104.76%compared with CeO_(2)-air abrasives.The improved CMP performance is attributed to the increased Ce^(3+)concentration and the octahedral morphology of the abrasives enhancing the chemical reaction and mechanical removal at the abrasive-substrate interface.

关键词： CeO_(2) Chemical mechanical polishing(CMP) Reducing atmosphere Material removal rate(MRR) molten salt method Rare earths

Two tetravalent uranium silicate and germanate crystals with three membered single-ring by molten salt method:K_(2)USi_(3)O_(9)and Cs_(2)UGe_(3)O_(9)

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2022年第7期33卷 3527-3530页

作者： Xu Zhang Lei Zhang Tao Bo Shanen Huang Zhiwei Huang Weiqun Shi Engineering Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and EngineeringChinese Academy of SciencesNingbo 315201China College of Nuclear Science and Technology Harbin Engineering UniversityHarbin 150001China School of Energy and Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710049China Laboratory of Nuclear Energy Chemistry Institute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

Two tetravalent uranium silicate and germanate M_(2)U^(Ⅳ)T_(3)O_(9)(M=K,Cs;T=Si,Ge)crystals were crystalized under inert gas by molten salt flux growth method.K_(2)USi_(3)O_(9)(1)crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P1_(21)/n1 with lattice parameters a=7.1076?,b=10.4776?,c=12.2957?,γ=120°and V=915.67?^(3).Cs_(2)UGe_(3)O_(9)(2)crystallizes in a hexagonal space group P-6 with lattice constants of a=7.5138?,b=7.5138?,c=11.0114?,γ=120°and V=538.38?^(3).Bond valence calculations indicate tetravalent uranium in both structures,which contain three-membered single-ring T_(3)O_(9)^(6-) trimers.K_(2)USi_(3)O_(9) is the first uranium silicate that contains the Si_(3)O_(9)^(6-) trimers.

关键词： Uranium silicate Uranium germanate Framework Single crystal molten salt method

Structural and Piezoelectric Properties of Sr_(0.6)Ba_(0.4)Nb_2O_6 Micro-rods Synthesized by molten-salt method

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Transactions of Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics 2018年第3期35卷 432-436页

作者： Zhang Guangbin Hu Chengchao Shi Yangguang Shi Daning Department of Applied Physics Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics College of Materials Science and Engineering Liaocheng University

Sr0.6 Ba0.4 Nb2 O6 micro-rods are prepared by the molten-salt method with K2 SO4,KCl-K2 SO4,and KCl as fluxes.It reveals that the Sr0.6 Ba0.4 Nb2 O6 synthesized with KCl as a flux exhibits a single phase with tetragonal tungsten bronze structure.The measurement of X-ray diffraction indicates that the Sr0.6 Ba0.4 Nb2 O6 micro-rods synthesized at 1 300℃are anisotropic.The morphology of the powers is examined by transmission electron microscope.It reveals that the length-diameter ratio of Sr0.6 Ba0.4 Nb2 O6 micro-rods increases with increasing annealing temperature from 900℃to 1 300℃.At 1 300℃,the rod possesses a large length-diameter ratio of 8∶1.Moreover,the analysis of the piezoelectric properties of single micro-rods using apiezo-response force microscope indicates that the domains of the material are arranged along its radial direction.

关键词： Sr0.6Ba0.4Nb2O6 micro-rods molten salt method X-ray diffraction patterns transmission electron microscope(TEM)imaging piezoresponse force microscope(PFM)detection

Enhanced electrochemical performance of nanoscale single crystal NMC811 modification by coating LiNbO_(3)

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2024年第5期35卷 514-518页

作者： Fengyu Zhang Yali Liang Zhangran Ye Lei Deng Yunna Guo Ping Qiu Peng Jia Qiaobao Zhang Liqiang Zhang Clean Nano Energy Center State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology Yanshan UniversityQinhuangdao 066004China School of New Energy and Materials China University of Petroleum BeijingBeijing 102249China Hebei Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry College of Environmental and Chemical EngineeringYanshan UniversityQinhuangdao 066004China State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces College of MaterialsXiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China

Single crystallization is an important strategy to resolve intergranular cracks and unnecessary side reactions with electrolytes in layered transition metal oxide cathodes LiNi_(0.8)Mn_(0.1)Co_(0.1)O_(2)(NMC811).Due to the limitations of high-temperature sintering and multi-step calcination,single crystal NMC811 generally shows irregular particles with a size of 2-3μm.However,the prolonged Li-ion diffusion pathway and the stress generated by the uneven de-/intercalation sluggish Li-ion diffusion kinetics,what is more,cause structural damage such as intragranular cracks.A slow Li extraction rate or particle size reduction will ameliorate the structural damage and improve the cycling stability.As the most promising cathodes for next-generation power batteries,NMC811 required fast charge performance and cycle stability.Particle size reduction appears to be the displacement option.Nanonization is an effective strategy to mitigate intragranular cracks of single crystal NMC811.However,the serious aggregation and increased specific surface area become new challenges.In this article,we synthesized monodisperse nanoscale single crystal NMC811 by molten salt method and modified the surface by LiNbO3 coating.The electrochemical performance shows that nanoscale single crystal NMC811 has faster kinetic and higher capacity retention,so the strategy of combining nanonization and surface coating is an alternative way to prepare high specific capacity and cycle stable single crystal NMC811.

关键词： Ni-rich NMC811 molten salt method Nanonization Surface coating Micron cracks

In-situ scalable fast fabrication of Cu-Cu_(2+1)O nanorods for highly efficient electrocatalytic reduction into ammonia under neutral medium

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2023年第24期155卷 111-118页

作者： Sai Huang Ao Wang Xin-Yue Dong Jin-Kun Li Yan Meng Jun-Ling Song International Joint Research Center for Photoresponsive Molecules and Materials School of Chemical and Material EngineeringJiangnan UniversityWuxi 214122China

The development of a highly efficient and durable electrocatalyst for nitrate reduction reaction(NO_(3)RR)wastewater valorization to ammonia(NH_(3))is a promising strategy.However,it is challenging to design scalable low-cost electrocatalysts with high activity,high selectivity,and long-term stability by a facile and simple method.Herein,we construct this scalable Cu-based nanoarray with muti-oxidation states grown directly on nickel foam(NF)substrate(Cu_(2+1)O@Cu/NF)using a facile molten salt method combined in-situ electrochemical reduction.The as-prepared Cu_(2+1)O@Cu/NF nanoarrays reveal a high NH_(3) yield of 20.14 mg h^(−1) cm^(−2) at−0.95 V vs.a reversible hydrogen electrode(vs.RHE),Faradaic efficiency of 99.38%at−0.55 V vs.RHE in the neutral potassium phosphate(PBS)buffer solution with 50 mM NaNO_(3),which is ascribed to its electron redistribution with abundant oxygen vacancies and favorable charge/mass transfer.

关键词： Cu-Cu2+1O nanorods with multi-oxidation states High NH3 yield molten salt method Neutral medium Nitrate electrochemical reduction Scalable fabrication

Experimental and DFT studies of flower-like Ni-doped Mo_(2)C on carbon fiber paper:A highly efficient and robust HER electrocatalyst modulated by Ni(NO_(3))_(2)concentration

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Journal of Advanced Ceramics 2022年第8期11卷 1294-1306页

作者： Lei ZHANG Zhihui HU Juntong HUANG Zhi CHEN Xibao LIa Zhijun FENG Huiyong YANG Saifang HUANG Ruiying LUO School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanchang Hangkong UniversityNanchang 330063China School of Materials Science and Engineering Jiangsu University of Science and TechnologyZhenjiang 212003China Research Institute for Frontier Science Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China

Developing highly efficient and stable non-precious metal catalysts for water splitting is urgently required.In this work,we report a facile one-step molten salt method for the preparation of self-supporting Ni-doped Mo_(2)C on carbon fiber paper(Ni–Mo_(2)CCB/CFP)for hydrogen evolution reaction(HER).The effects of nickel nitrate concentration on the phase composition,morphology,and electrocatalytic HER performance of Ni-doped Mo_(2)C@CFP electrocatalysts was investigated.With the continuous increase of Ni(NO_(3))_(2)concentration,the morphology of Mo_(2)C gradually changes from granular to flower-like,providing larger specific surface area and more active sites.Doping nickel(Ni)into the crystal lattice of Mo_(2)C largely reduces the impedance of the electrocatalysts and enhances their electrocatalytic activity.The as-developed Mo_(2)C–3 M Ni(NO_(3))_(2)/CFP electrocatalyst exhibits high catalytic activity with a small overpotential of 56 mV at a current density of 10 mA·cm^(-2).This catalyst has a fast HER kinetics,as demonstrated by a very small Tafel slope of 27.4 mV·dec^(-1),and persistent long-term stability.A further higher Ni concentration had an adverse effect on the electrocatalytic performance.Density functional theory(DFT)calculations further verified the experimental results.Ni doping could reduce the binding energy of Mo–H,facilitating the desorption of the adsorbed hydrogen(Hads)on the surface,thereby improving the intrinsic catalytic activity of Ni-doped Mo_(2)C-based catalysts.Nevertheless,excessive Ni doping would inhibit the catalytic activity of the electrocatalysts.This work not only provides a simple strategy for the facile preparation of non-precious metal electrocatalysts with high catalytic activity,but also unveils the influence mechanism of the Ni doping concentration on the HER performance of the electrocatalysts from the theoretical perspective.

关键词： Mo_(2)C@CFP electrocatalyst nickel(Ni)doping hydrogen evolution reaction(HER) water splitting molten salt method

MgO/Carbon nanocomposites synthesized in molten salts for catalytic isomerization of glucose to fructose in aqueous media

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Green Chemical Engineering 2022年第4期3卷 359-366页

作者： Yuchao Shao Dong-Yang Zhao Wenjing Lu Yuyang Long Weicheng Zheng Jun Zhao Zhong-Ting Hu College of Environment Zhejiang University of Technology(ZJUT)Hangzhou310014China HKBU Institute of Research and Continuing Education Shenzhen518057China Institute of Bioresource and Agriculture Department of BiologyHong Kong Baptist UniversityHong Kong SARChina School of Environment Tsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China Industrial Catalysts Institute of ZJUT Hangzhou310014China Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Waste Treatment and Recycling Instrumental Analysis CenterSchool of Environmental Science and EngineeringZhejiang Gongshang UniversityHangzhou310012China Hangzhou Research Institute of China Coal Technology&Engineering Group Hangzhou311201China

Isomerization of glucose into fructose has always been an important step in the biorefining process.This study synthesized a novel Mg-decorated carbonaceous catalyst by molten salt method for the application of glucose isomerization.The morphology of carbon microspheres was formed with high specific surface area and pore volume.The effects of Mg loading,catalyst dosage,reaction temperature,and reaction time were investigated and optimized.The highest fructose yield of 34.58%and fructose selectivity of 81.17%were achieved by the catalyst named Mg(100mg)/Carbon at hydrothermal temperature of 100℃ with reaction time of 1.5-2 h,showing the superiority of the catalyst.The results of recycling tests indicated Mg(100mg)/Carbon has good recyclability and can restore its activity after a simple regeneration.And the possible mechanism of glucose isomerization by Mg(100mg)/Carbon was indicated.This study provided a new method for overcoming the difficulty of high energy barrier required for glucose isomerization in the biorefining process.

关键词： Glucose isomerization Heterogeneous catalyst molten salt method Magnesium Hydrothermal

Preparation of titanium dioxide from titania-rich slag by molten NaOH method

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2012年第3期19卷 205-211页

作者： Yan-fang Han Ti-changSun Jie Li Tao Qi Li-na Wang Jing-kui Qu School of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China National Engineering Laboratory for Hydrometallurgical Cleaner Production Technology Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China

Preparing titanium dioxide from titania-rich slag （TiO2 73wt%） by molten NaOH method has been developed. The effects of temperature and reaction time on the titanium conversion were investigated. The results showed that temperature had significant influence on the titanium conversion as well as the structure of the product. About 92% of titanium in the titania-rich slag could be converted after reacting with NaOH at 500℃ for 1 h. Metatitanic acid was formed through the steps of washing treatment, acid dissolution, and hydrolysis. Well-dispersed spherical titanium dioxide particles with an average size of 0.1-0.4μm can be obtained by calcination of metatitanic acid. In addition, the content of titanium dioxide in the product is up to 98.6wt%, which can be used as pigments after further treatment of coating and crushing.

关键词： slags titanium dioxide molten salt method pigments

Influence of reaction parameters on the luminescence properties of monodisperse NaGd((1-x-y))(WO4)2:xEu3+,yTb3+ phosphor by molten salt synthesis

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Journal of Rare Earths 2018年第1期36卷 49-57页

作者： Weiqin Xiao Luqiao Yin Jipeng Zhou Fang Lei Ying Shi Jianjun Xie Lei Zhang School of Materials Science and Engineering Shanghai University Key Laboratory of Advanced Display and System Applications Ministry of Education (Shanghai University)

Eu3+activated and Eu3+, Tb3+co-activated monodisperse sodium double tungstates NaGd(WO4)2 phosphors were prepared by molten salt method at 750 ℃ for 10 h using NaCl as a flux. The crystal structure and morphology of the as-synthesized phosphors were measured by XRD and SEM, respectively. The photoluminescence properties were characterized by PL spectra, decay lifetime and CIE. The presence of NaCl plays an important role in the morphology and luminescence properties. In this work,NaCl and one of the raw material Na2CO3in a certain proportion will form a low eutectic salt to decrease the reaction temperature and benefit the formation of monodisperse NaGd(WO4)2crystals. The color of Eu3+and Tb3+co-doped NaGd(WO4)2phosphors can be tuned from creamy white to orange, red and green by adjusting the doping concentration of rare earth ions, since the emission contain the broad blue-green emission origin from NaGd(WO4)2host and characteristic red and green emission origin from Eu3+and Tb3+ions. The electroluminescent spectra and CIE measurement shows that the LED device with NaGd((1-x))(WO4)2:xEu3+(x = 0.24) phosphor can be excited by 365 nm and 380 nm LED chip, and their CIE coordinate is(x = 0.45, y = 0.45) and(x = 0.36, y = 0.37), Ra is 80.3 and 86.3, Tcis 3196 and4556 K, respectively. As a single-component phosphor, NaGd(WO4)2:Eu3+,Tb3+have potential application in UV-pumped WLEDs.

关键词： NaGd（1-x-y）（WO4）2:xEu3+ yTb3+ molten salt method Single component WLEDs White light