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mobile phones in the orthopedic operating room: Microbial colonization and antimicrobial resistance

World Journal of Orthopedics 2020年第5期11卷 252-264页

作者： Nada Qaisar Qureshi Syed Hamza Mufarrih Seema Irfan Rizwan Haroon Rashid Akbar Jaleel Zubairi Anum Sadruddin Israr Ahmed Shahryar Noordin Department of Medicine Aga Khan University HospitalKarachi 74800Pakistan Department of Basic and Biomedical Sciences Aga Khan University HospitalKarachi 74800Pakistan Department of Pathology and Microbiology Aga Khan University HospitalKarachi 74800Pakistan Department of Orthopedic Surgery Aga Khan University HospitalKarachi 74800Pakistan Department of Orthopedic Surgery Combined Military HospitalRawalpindi 46000Pakistan

BACKGROUND Surgical site infections are a major cause of morbidity and mortality following orthopedic surgery.Recent efforts to identify sources of contamination in the operating rooms have implicated mobile phones.AIM To investigate microbial colonization on the mobile phones of health care professionals in the orthopedic operating room.METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional study involving culture and sensitivity analysis of swabs taken from the mobile phones of orthopedic and anesthesia attendings,residents,technicians and nurses working in the orthopedic operating rooms over a period of two months.Demographic and cell phone related factors were recorded using a questionnaire and the factors associated with contamination were analyzed.RESULTS Ninety-three of 100 mobile phones were contaminated.Species isolated were Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus(62%),Micrococcus(41%)and Bacillus(26%).The risk of contamination was increased with mobile covers and cracked screens and decreased by cell phone cleaning.CONCLUSION mobile phones belonging to health care workers are frequently contaminated with pathogenic bacteria with the potential of transferring drug resistance to nosocomial pathogens.Studies investigating the relationship to surgical site infections need to be conducted.The concept of"mobile hygiene"involving the change of mobile covers,replacement of cracked screens or even wiping the phone with an alcohol swab could yield the cost-effective balance that contaminated cell phones deserve until they are established as a direct cause of surgical site infections.

关键词： mobile phones Contamination Surgical site infections Orthopedic surgeries Antimicrobial resistance

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Three-stage Nonlinear Thermal Model for Microspeakers in mobile phones

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Sound & Vibration 2018年第5期52卷 28-33页

作者： Zhiliang Zhang Yong Shen Jie Xia Yuchen Shen Institute of Acoustics Key Laboratory of Modern Acoustics of Ministry of EducationNanjing UniversityNanjing210093China

Since microspeakers are widely used in mobile phones,high power is usually applied to obtain sufficient output sound pressure.However,the electric power is almost converted into heat,leading to the thermal problem in microspeakers.Compared with large loudspeaker,microspeakers are smaller and the under yoke is relatively closed,causing the heat transfer more complex.In this study,a three-stage nonlinear thermal model was proposed for analyzing the thermal behavior in microspeakers.The inside air is a buffer area between the voice coil and magnet,and modeled as a middle stage of the heat transfer.The forced convection is still significant in microspeakers while the eddy current can be ignored.In order to obtain the thermal parameters of the model,a corresponding parameter identification method was put forward.The basic linear parameters and forced convection parameters were all obtained by measuring and fitting the temperature curves of voice coil at different single tones.A series of experiments were conducted to verify the proposed model and parameter identification method,and the results showed good aggrement between the measured and predicted temperature curves for different input signals.The proposed model was valid and accurate,and may be helpful for the design and application of microspeakers.

关键词： Microspeakers heat transfer thermal model mobile phones

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mobile phones

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英语世界 2017年第10期 127-128页

作者： Craig Duncan

When Scotsman Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone in 1876,it was a revolution in com munication.For the first time,people could talk to each other over great distances almost as clearly as i they were in the same room.Nowadays,though,we increasingly use Bell’s invention for taking photo graphs,accessing the internet,or watching video clips,rather than talking.Over the last two decades a new means of spoken communication has emerged:the mobile phone.

关键词： mobile phones

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Design of Background Noise Suppression Circuit for mobile phones

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Journal of Computer and Communications 2016年第9期4卷 19-23页

作者： Peng Luo College of Electronical Information Engineering West China Normal University Nanchong China

With the purpose of reducing the influence of background noise on the call quality of mobile phones, background noise suppression circuit is designed based on the principle of self-adaptive noise cancellation. Because this method is not involved in the nature of the noise itself, it can be used both for stationary noise cancellation and quasi-stationary noise cancellation. The working principle and circuit design of the system are introduced in detail. Simulated experiment was conducted in the lab, and its experimental results were analyzed. The experimental results show that the circuit works well with low cost, and has a broad prospect of application and popularization.

关键词： mobile phones Noise Suppression Self-Adaptive Noise Cancellation AD623

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Revealing driver psychophysiological response to emergency braking in distracted driving based on field experiments

Journal of Intelligent and Connected Vehicles

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Journal of Intelligent and Connected Vehicles 2022年第3期5卷 270-282页

作者： Ying Li Li Zhao Kun Gao Yisheng An Jelena Andric School of Information Engineering Chang’an UniversityXi’anChina Nebraska Transportation Center University of Nebraska-LincolnLincolnNebraskaUSA Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering Chalmers University of TechnologyGothenburgSweden Volvo Group Trucks Technology GothenburgSweden

Purpose–The purpose of this paper is to characterize distracted driving by quantifying the response time and response intensity to an emergency stop using the driver’s physiological states.Design/methodology/approach–Field tests with 17 participants were conducted in the connected and automated vehicle test field.All participants were required to prioritize their primary driving tasks while a secondary nondriving task was asked to be executed.Demographic data,vehicle trajectory data and various physiological data were recorded through a biosignalsplux signal data acquisition toolkit,such as electrocardiograph for heart rate,electromyography for muscle strength,electrodermal activity for skin conductance and force-sensing resistor for braking pressure.Findings–This study quantified the psychophysiological responses of the driver who returns to the primary driving task from the secondary nondriving task when an emergency occurs.The results provided a prototype analysis of the time required for making a decision in the context of advanced driver assistance systems or for rebuilding the situational awareness in future automated vehicles when a driver’s take-over maneuver is needed.Originality/value–The hypothesis is that the secondary task will result in a higher mental workload and a prolonged reaction time.Therefore,the driver states in distracted driving are significantly different than in regular driving,the physiological signal improves measuring the brake response time and distraction levels and brake intensity can be expressed as functions of driver demographics.To the best of the authors’knowledge,this is the first study using psychophysiological measures to quantify a driver’s response to an emergency stop during distracted driving.

关键词： mobile phones Driver distraction Emergency braking Psychophysiological Response time Psychophysiological measure

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mobile phones

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阅读 2018年第Z5期 53-53页

作者：李月恒江苏省南京师范大学附属小学六(6)班

Our lives have been changed greatly by science and technology.So mobile phones are widely used in our daily life.We even can’t live without them.For example,we chat on the Internet with mobile phones.We take photos i... 详细信息

关键词： mobile phones

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mobile phones

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同学少年 2005年第1期 36-36页

2005 年在我们的期盼中到来了,“玩转英语”栏目也迎来了它的新朋友。今年,我们将和去年一样,每期为同学们提供一篇英语短文,由大家进行翻译,并在下一期刊登参考译文,同时特邀有丰富教学经验的英语教师,将同学们的译文进行评比。译文优... 详细信息

2005 年在我们的期盼中到来了,“玩转英语”栏目也迎来了它的新朋友。今年,我们将和去年一样,每期为同学们提供一篇英语短文,由大家进行翻译,并在下一期刊登参考译文,同时特邀有丰富教学经验的英语教师,将同学们的译文进行评比。译文优秀的同学将得到《同学少年》编辑部颁发的证书和小礼品。希望同学们能够关注“玩转英语”栏目,并积极地参与到翻译比赛中来。

关键词：英语短文参考译文 mobile phones

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mobile Phone Use and Risk of Thyroid Gland Lesions Detected by Ultrasonography

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Open Journal of Radiology 2016年第2期6卷 140-146页

作者： Naglaa M. Elsayed Saddig D. Jastaniah Diagnostic Radiology Department King Abdulaziz University Jeddah Saudia Arabia Diagnostic Radiology Department Faculty of Medicine Cairo University Cairo Egypt

In recent years, widespread use of mobile phones has led to a public debate about possible harmful effects on human health. A lot of researchers studied the possible effect of radiofrequency energy (RFE) emitted from cell phones on the human body. Up to our knowledge no one studied the effect of these waves on the thyroid gland by Ultrasonography (US). Our aim was to investigate the possible effects of EMR arising from cell phones on the thyroid gland using US. A prospective study was done on 180 participants, 110 females and 70 males, ranging in age from 15 to 65. A constructed questionnaire was distributed among them before performing US of the neck. Demographic data along with US findings were collected and statistically analyzed. A total of 46.7% of our participants had abnormal findings of the thyroid gland more in non smart phone users and more in females. The commonest abnormality was multinodular goiter (54%). Expanded researches are still needed to answer the question about the hazards of RFE on human health. All efforts should be made to encourage users of cellular phone to follow mobile device recommendations of manufacturers and avoid its possible hazards as possible.

关键词： Radiofrequency Energy mobile phones Ultrasound Thyroid Gland Nodules

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Research Priorities for mHealth and Innovative Strategies in Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights in the WHO Africa Region

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Advances in Reproductive Sciences 2021年第1期9卷 33-40页

作者： Leopold Ouedraogo Triphonie Nkurunziza Assumpta Muriithi Chilanga Asmani Hayfa Elamin Souleymane Zan Bigirimana Françoise Mihretu Belete Gbenou Dina Dadji Kwami Mekdes Daba Theopista Kabuteni John Hien Clotaire Kim Caron Rahn Ali Moazzam Tolu Lemi Blami Dao Issiaka Sombie Okech Mollent Reproductive Maternal Health and Ageing WHO Regional Office for Africa Brazzaville Congo Department of Reproductive Health and Research World Health Organization Geneva Switzerland JHPIEGO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso West Africa Health Organization Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Peak Moments Global HR Solutions Nairobi Kenya

Background: The use of mobile phones continues to rise rapidly in the provision of health related services. Many countries have adopted the use of mobiles to provide sexual and reproductive health and rights and especially among the adolescents where specific messages are tailored for various audiences with specific messages. The purpose of this paper is to present the results of a research priority setting exercise on mHealth and innovative strategies. Methods: We adapted Child Health and Nutrition Research Initiative methodology to identify and set research priorities on mHealth and innovative strategies that respond to sexual and reproductive health and rights services. General potential research questions were gathered online from multiple stakeholders in the region and sent for consolidation consolidated to technical experts in World Health Organization headquarters. The second phase involved a meeting with experts to review and thematically analyze the questions list of 33 questions producing a list of 22 research questions. The questions were scored against a six point criteria and ranked accordingly. Ten top priority research questions were identified. Results: Lists of 33 priority research questions for mHealth and innovative strategies were proposed for discussions by 67 stakeholders. The questions were reviewed, scored and ranked in a technical meeting by experts. The highest ranking questions at 87% include evaluation of mHealth for data management and sexual and reproductive health and rights decision making, assessment of innovative local financing techniques to support community based sexual reproductive health and rights and evaluation of the role of mobile technologies in referral and counter referral. Conclusions: Information and communication technology is developing drastically and has a great potential in improving health especially in sexual and reproductive health and rights service delivery. This potential must be demonstr

关键词： mHealth mobile phones Sexual and Reproductive Health and Rights Technology

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Consumerism and Surveillance in Leighton Evans and Michael Saker's Location-Based Social Media:Space,Time,and Identity

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Fudan Journal of the Humanities and Social Sciences 2019年第4期12卷 671-677页

作者： Lynn Fu New York University New YorkUSA

In Location-Based Social Media:Space,Time,and Identity,Leighton Evans and Michael Saker present a comprehensive way of thinking about Location-Based Social Media Networking(LBSN)for a scholarly audience.The most basic understanding of LBSN is the act of“checking in”and sharing a location across a social network.However,Evans and Saker explain that this act of marking a physical presence in a place at a particular time creates profound effects on spatiality,identity,and temporality.Using Evans and Saker's work as a starting base for understanding the effects of LBSN on the individual,I study the implications of LBSN features in monolithic social media platforms as a tool for consumerism and surveillance for marketers,the state,and everyday individuals.

关键词： LBSN Social media Surveillance Consumerism Media production mobile phones Identity

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