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E-Health Telecommunication Systems and Networks 2024年第3期13卷 23-44页

作者： Anna Sheri George Jomin George Judy Jenkins Faculty of Medicine and Health Life Sciences Swansea University Swansea UK

Purpose: This research aims to evaluate the potential threats to patient privacy and confidentiality posed by mHealth applications on mobile devices. Methodology: A comprehensive literature review was conducted, selecting eighty-eight articles published over the past fifteen years. The study assessed data gathering and storage practices, regulatory adherence, legal structures, consent procedures, user education, and strategies to mitigate risks. Results: The findings reveal significant advancements in technologies designed to safeguard privacy and facilitate the widespread use of mHealth apps. However, persistent ethical issues related to privacy remain largely unchanged despite these technological strides.

关键词： mobile devices Patient Privacy Confidentiality Breaches Data Security Data Protection Regulatory Compliance User Consent Data Encryption Third-Party Integration And User Awareness

Implicit Continuous User Authentication for mobile devices based on Deep Reinforcement Learning

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Computer Systems Science & Engineering 2023年第2期44卷 1357-1372页

作者： Christy James Jose M.S.Rajasree Government Engineering College Idukki685603India APJ Abdul Kalam Technological University Thiruvananthapuram695016India

The predominant method for smart phone accessing is conﬁned to methods directing the authentication by means of Point-of-Entry that heavily depend on physiological biometrics like,ﬁngerprint or *** continuous authentication initiating to be loftier to conventional authentication mechanisms by continuously conﬁrming users’identities on continuing basis and mark the instant at which an illegitimate hacker grasps dominance of the ***,divergent issues remain *** research aims to investigate the power of Deep Reinforcement Learning technique to implicit continuous authentication for mobile devices using a method called,Gaussian Weighted Cauchy Kriging-based Continuous Czekanowski’s(GWCK-CC).First,a Gaussian Weighted Non-local Mean Filter Preprocessing model is applied for reducing the noise pre-sent in the raw input face *** Kriging Regression function is employed to reduce the ***,Continuous Czekanowski’s Clas-siﬁcation is utilized for proﬁcient classiﬁcation between the genuine user and *** this way,the proposed GWCK-CC method achieves accurate authen-tication with minimum error rate and *** assessment of the pro-posed GWCK-CC method and existing methods are carried out with different factors by using UMDAA-02 Face *** results conﬁrm that the proposed GWCK-CC method enhances authentication accuracy,by 9%,reduces the authen-tication time,and error rate by 44%,and 43%as compared to the existing methods.

关键词： Deep reinforcement learning gaussian weighted non-local meanﬁlter cauchy kriging regression continuous czekanowski’s implicit continuous authentication mobile devices

Investigating approaches to improving rendering performance of 3D city models on mobile devices

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Geo-Spatial Information Science 2014年第2期17卷 73-84页

作者： Claire ELLUL Julia ALTENBUCHNER Department of Civil Environmental and Geomatic EngineeringUniversity College LondonLondonUK

Three-dimensional(3D)city models have uses including on-site validation of utility infrastructure,support for augmented reality,personalized tourist information,real estate sales,and 3D pedestrian ***,such applications are deployed on mobile devices,whose use is becoming more *** devices are used for more professional use requiring larger screens,mobile phones for more casual ***,many 3D city models contain hundreds of buildings,which in turn results in performance issues when attempting to visualize such models on these *** issues can be identified as contributory factors-the lower specification of the mobile device itself when compared with desktop machines and the lower bandwidth network between the device and the server(3G mobile or Wi-Fi).Both of these can be addressed by reducing the volume of data in the *** achieve this,we generalize a 2D data-set(using aggregation and simplification)and then extrude the generalized 2D maps to *** minimizes the number of buildings to be transmitted over the network and processed by the on-board graphics *** additionally address the bandwidth issue,we make use of topological data structuring to build and transmit a minimal description for each *** these approaches,we compare the results obtained for generalized and un-generalized data-sets,on a tablet and mobile device.A performance increase of between 7 and 9 times is observed.

关键词： 3D GIS generalization openGL ES mobile devices performance

A point-based rendering approach for real-time interaction on mobile devices

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Science in China(Series F) 2009年第8期52卷 1335-1345页

作者： LIANG XiaoHui ZHAO QinPing HE ZhiYing XIE Ke LIU YuBo State Key Laboratory of Virtual Reality Technology and Systems School of Computer Science and Technology Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191 China

mobile device is an important interactive platform. Due to the limitation of computation, memory, display area and energy, how to realize the efficient and real-time interaction of 3D models based on mobile devices is an important research topic. Considering features of mobile devices, this paper adopts remote rendering mode and point models, and then, proposes a transmission and rendering approach that could interact in real time. First, improved simplification algorithm based on MLS and display resolution of mobile devices is proposed. Then, a hierarchy selection of point models and a QoS transmission control strategy are given based on interest area of operator, interest degree of object in the virtual environment and rendering error. They can save the energy consumption. Finally, the rendering and interaction of point models are completed on mobile devices. The experiments show that our method is efficient.

关键词： virtual environment mobile devices point models simplification QoS control area of interest interest degree

Implicit Authentication on mobile devices

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Implicit Authentication on Mobile Devices

作者： Jane Nduta Kiere 湖南大学

学位级别：硕士

随着移动电话,笔记本电脑,掌上电脑,PDA等移动设备的不断普及,越来越多的人选择用其存储和访问信息。然而,由于使用环境缺乏保护和安全机制,导致无线设备容易受到偷听或者非法访问。因此,用户认证作为保护移动设备访问安全的重要技术,... 详细信息

随着移动电话,笔记本电脑,掌上电脑,PDA等移动设备的不断普及,越来越多的人选择用其存储和访问信息。然而,由于使用环境缺乏保护和安全机制,导致无线设备容易受到偷听或者非法访问。因此,用户认证作为保护移动设备访问安全的重要技术,对其认证方法和机制的要求正在不断提高。随之而来的是对认证费用,硬件设备,应用程序和认证机制要求的不断提高。目前,广泛使用的认证方法是直接认证方法,例如,在启动时,通过请求一个口令,一个指纹,或者一个脸部轮廓等等来执行一次认证。这些方法都是间歇性的并且容易受到偷取口令或者利用授权用户的开放账户的攻击。在认证领域中,大部分研究人员都认为单一的认证方法不可能成功提供有效的安全服务,而现有的认证方法和机制通常有几个方面的缺点。例如,传统的认证方法无法有效应用于移动设备;现有的认证方法容易受到安全威胁;以及移动设备上很难执行复杂的安全策略等等。为了克服移动设备认证机制中的这些缺点,本文采用基于用户使用模式的间接认证策略,将其作为直接认证方法的有益补充,进而加强身份认证机制的安全性。本文提出的基于用户使用模式的间接身份认证机制,是根据用户使用习惯而定义的。其根据是用户在使用移动设备上网过程中拥有很多独特的行为特征,间接认证通过观察这些行为特征能够进行用户身份的识别。身份认证过程中,通过合并在常规操作中的用户行为,可以加强设备的安全并降低错误数据的录入。目前,基于用户特征的身份标识和认证方法是身份认证研究领域的一个重要方向。每一个用户在和设备交互时都有自己的独特习惯,当观察一段时间,这种习惯便可以用于定义用户的行为模式。在身份认证过程中,、用户的这种行为模式就成为区别个体用户的关键参数。例如,用户对某一网站的访问次数,访问时间,使用的应用程序,在网上和哪些用户共享了什么内容,以及其登陆和退出网络的时间都可以作为其行为模式的参数进行观察和记录。本文所提出的基于用户使用模式的间接身份认证机,通过在一定时间段内监测用户行为,从而建立用户行为模型参数,通过计算当前用户行为于行为模型间的相似度进而确定用户身份的合法性。本文提出的方法能够和直接认证方法相结合进行用户身份的认证,进而提高用户身份认证的准确度和安全性。A.1用户行为模式及分类目前通用的用户行为模式包括以下几个方面：●用户什么时候开始使用移动设备?他/她什么时候登入或者退出?●时间模式：用户使用设备的时间?这些收集的数据将会显示用户在设备上所花费的时间,如果这些时间超过了正常所需要的,则会认为出现了入侵者。·应用：用户有没有使用应用程序或网站?如果数据显示用户没有使用或访问网站,而这些记录数据显示一些网站已经被访问,那么只能说明入侵者已经入侵系统。●频繁使用的端口是什么?●频繁使用的协议是什么?●频繁使用的设备地址是什么?因为每一个用户都有不同与其他用户的行为模式,为了鉴别并为每一个用户构建出唯一的模型,本文将采用以上几类通用的行为模式定义用户行为,并通过用户行为鉴别合法和非法用户。在基于用户行为上我们建立一个基准或一个属性去定义每一个用户,并通过收集用户移动设备的使用模式和比较用户的当前行为是否和以前的行为一致来鉴别用户身份。用户行为模式的定义主要通过在某段时间内对用户行为的精确观察和监控。在身份认证中,认证服务器通过对比用户当前行为和已建立的用户行为模式参数,实现用户身份的认证和鉴别。本文提出的基于用户使用模式的间接身份认证方法通过比较当前用户行为和以往行为模式的相似性来确定用户身份,如果相似性在可接受的范围内,那么用户可以被认为是合法用户;但是如果相似性超出可接受的范围,则认为用户并不是他自己所声称的,即非法用户。本文提出的间接认证方法包含了现有通用行为模式的各个方面,并使用各类子组件帮助收集用户行为信息。例如,利用用户提交认证信息的认证服务器收集用户行为信息;利用登录管理服务器追踪并记录用户近期获取的网络资源(如电子邮件服务,网站服务)。本文使用Snare和PAL (Performance Analysis of Logs)获取用户登录信息,使用BuddyWay and Mologogo跟踪移动设备状态,利用WEKA工具在记录信息的基础上分析并生成用户基本行为描述,然后将数据转发到用户行为分析器并执行以下三个任务：1.为一个给定的用户建立基本行为描述。这个基本行为必须是给定用户的真实行为。这个行为也被称为过去行为。2.为每一个给定的用户建立一个当前行为。3.为每一个给定的用户比较过去行为和当前的行为。我们使用几个观察的特征去定义用户,如移动设备的编号,使用的应用程序,设备的位置(接入点的使用)和IP地址。为了进一步阐述这个概念,我们要考

关键词： Authentication Implicit authentication mobile devices

Utility-Improved Key-Value Data Collection with Local Differential Privacy for mobile devices

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ZTE Communications 2022年第4期20卷 15-21页

作者： TONG Ze DENG Bowen ZHENG Lele ZHANG Tao School of Computer Science and Technology Xidian UniversityXi'an 710071China

The structure of key-value data is a typical data structure generated by mobile *** collection and analysis of the data from mobile devices are critical for service providers to improve service ***,collecting raw data,which may contain various per⁃sonal information,would lead to serious personal privacy *** differential privacy(LDP)has been proposed to protect privacy on the device side so that the server cannot obtain the raw ***,existing mechanisms assume that all keys are equally sensitive,which can⁃not produce high-precision statistical results.A utility-improved data collection framework with LDP for key-value formed mobile data is pro⁃posed to solve this *** specifically,we divide the key-value data into sensitive and non-sensitive parts and only provide an LDPequivalent privacy guarantee for sensitive keys and all *** instantiate our framework by using a utility-improved key value-unary en⁃coding(UKV-UE)mechanism based on unary encoding,with which our framework can work effectively for a large key *** then vali⁃date our mechanism which provides better utility and is suitable for mobile devices by evaluating it in two real ***,some pos⁃sible future research directions are envisioned.

关键词： key-value data local differential privacy mobile devices privacy-preserving data collection

Battery Voltage Discharge Rate Prediction and Video Content Adaptation in mobile devices on 3G Access Networks

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ZTE Communications 2013年第1期11卷 44-50页

作者： Is-Haka Mkwawa Lingfen Sun School of Computing and Mathematics University of PlymouthPlymouthPL4 8AAUK

According to Cisco, mobile multimedia services now account for more than half the total amount of Internet traffic. This trend is burdening mobile devices in terms of power consumption, and as a result, more effort is needed to devise a range of pow- er-saving techniques. While most power-saving techniques are based on sleep scheduling of network interfaces, little has been done to devise multimedia content adaptation techniques. In this paper, we propose a multiple linear regression model that predicts the battery voltage discharge rate for several video send bit rates in a VoIP application. The battery voltage dis- charge rate needs to be accurately estimated in order to esti- mate battery life in critical VoIP contexts, such as emergency communication. In our proposed model, the range of video send bitrates is carefully chosen in order to maintain an acceptable VoIP quality of experience. From extensive profiling, the empir- ical resuhs show that the model effectively saves power and pro- longs real-time VoIP sessions when deployed in power-driven adaptation schemes.

关键词： QoE power mobile devices quality adaptation discharge rate

Time and Space Efficient Multi-Model Convolution Vision Transformer for Tomato Disease Detection from Leaf Images with Varied Backgrounds

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第4期79卷 117-142页

作者： Ankita Gangwar Vijaypal Singh Dhaka Geeta Rani Shrey Khandelwal Ester Zumpano Eugenio Vocaturo Department of Computer and Communication Engineering Manipal University JaipurJaipurIndia Department of IoT and Intelligent Systems Manipal University JaipurJaipurIndia Department of Computer Engineering ModellingElectronics and Systems(DIMES)University of CalabriaRende(Cosenza)Italy National Research Council Institute of Nanotechnology(NANOTEC)Rende(Cosenza)Italy

A consumption of 46.9 million tons of processed tomatoes was reported in 2022 which is merely 20%of the total *** increase of 3.3%in consumption is predicted from 2024 to *** are also rich in iron,potassium,antioxidant lycopene,vitamins A,C and K which are important for preventing cancer,and maintaining blood pressure and glucose ***,tomatoes are globally important due to their widespread usage and nutritional *** face the high demand for tomatoes,it is mandatory to investigate the causes of crop loss and minimize *** are one of the major causes that adversely affect crop yield and degrade the quality of the tomato *** leads to financial losses and affects the livelihood of ***,automatic disease detection at any stage of the tomato plant is a critical *** learning models introduced in the literature show promising results,but the models are difficult to implement on handheld devices such as mobile phones due to high computational costs and a large number of ***,most of the models proposed so far work efficiently for images with plain backgrounds where a clear demarcation exists between the background and leaf ***,the existing techniques lack in recognizing multiple diseases on the same *** address these concerns,we introduce a customized deep learning-based convolution vision transformer *** achieves an accuracy of 93.51%for classifying tomato leaf images with plain as well as complex backgrounds into 13 *** requires a space storage of merely 5.8 MB which is 98.93%,98.33%,and 92.64%less than stateof-the-art visual geometry group,vision transformers,and convolution vision transformermodels,*** training time of 44 min is 51.12%,74.12%,and 57.7%lower than the above-mentioned ***,it can be deployed on(Internet of Things)IoT-enabled devices,drones,or mobile devices to assist farmers in the real-time monitoring of tomato *** p

关键词： Tomato disease transformer deep learning mobile devices

Efficient page layout analysis on small devices

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science A(Applied Physics & Engineering) 2009年第6期10卷 800-804页

作者： Eun-jung HAN Chee-onn WONG Kee-chul JUNG Kyung-ho LEE Eun-yi KIM Department of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering Inha University Human-Centered Interfaces Lab Department of Digital MediaSoongsil University Internet and Media Engineering Konkuk University

Previously we have designed and implemented new image browsing facilities to support effective offiine image contents on mobile devices with limited capabilities： low bandwidth, small display, and slow processing. In this letter, we fulfill the automatic production of cartoon contents fitting small-screen display, and introduce a clustering method useful for various types of cartoon images as a prerequisite stage for preserving semantic meaning. The usage of neural networks is to properly cut the various forms of pages. Texture information that is useful for grayscale image segmentation gives us a good clue for page layout analysis using the multilayer perceptron （MLP） based x-y recursive algorithm. We also automatically frame the segment MLP using agglomerative segmentation. Our experimental results show that the combined approaches yield good results of segmentation for several cartoons.

关键词： Efficient page layout analysis MLP-based segmentation mobile devices Image segmentation Neural network

Fast and accurate visual odometry from a monocular camera

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Frontiers of Computer Science 2019年第6期13卷 1326-1336页

作者： Xin YANG Tangli XUE Hongcheng LUO Jiabin GUO School of Electronic Information and Communications Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China

This paper aims at a semi-dense visual odometry system that is accurate,robust,and able to run realtime on mobile devices,such as smartphones,AR glasses and small *** key contributions of our system include:1)the modified pyramidal Lucas-Kanade algorithm which incorporates spatial and depth constraints for fast and accurate camera pose estimation;2)adaptive image resizing based on inertial sensors for greatly accelerating tracking speed with little accuracy degradation;and 3)an ultrafast binary feature description based directly on intensities of a resized and smoothed image patch around each pixel that is sufficiently effective for relocalization.A quantitative evaluation on public datasets demonstrates that our system achieves better tracking accuracy and up to about 2X faster tracking speed comparing to the state-of-the-art monocular SLAM system:*** the relocalization task,our system is 2.0X∼4.6X faster than DBoW2 and achieves a similar accuracy.

关键词： visual odometry mobile devices direct tracking relocalization inertial sensing binary feature