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Analysis of the mississippi river in The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn-Viewed From the Ecological Perspective

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校园英语 2018年第46期 245-246页

作者：姚楠贵州医科大学

The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn was Mark Twain’s masterpiece. Hemingway once described it as the book from which "all modern American literature comes". Eco-criticism is a newly aroused critical method. It appeared due to the present global ecological crisis. This thesis attempts to analyze the mississippi river from the eco-critical perspective to arouse people’s consciousness to protect our increasingly serious environment.

关键词： mississippi river Huckleberry Finn-Viewed Ecological Perspective

Assessing the migratory histories, trophic positions, and conditions of lake sturgeon in the St. Croix and mississippi rivers using fn ray microchemistry, stable isotopes, and fatty acid profles

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Ecological Processes 2021年第1期10卷 1021-1042页

作者： Jefrey R.Ziegeweid Michelle R.Bartsch Lynn A.Bartsch Steven J.Zigler Robert J.Kennedy Seth A.Love U.S.Geological Survey California Water Science Center6000 J StPlacer HallSacramentoCA 95819USA. U.S.Geological Survey Upper Midwest Water Science Center2280 Woodale DrMounds ViewMN 55112USA. U.S.Geological Survey Upper Midwest Environmental Sciences Center2630 Fanta Reed RoadLa CrosseWI 54603USA. Division of Fisheries Illinois Department of Natural Resources13608 Fox RoadYorkvilleIL 60560USA.

Background:Reproducing populations of invasive carps(Hypophthalmichthys spp.)could alter aquatic food webs and negatively afect native fshes in the mississippi National river and Recreation Area(MISS)and the *** National Scenic riverway(SACN).However,proposed invasive carp barriers may also threaten populations of native migratory fshes by preventing movements of fsh between rivers that are necessary for life history *** this study,nonlethal chemical techniques were used to provide baseline data related to the condition,trophic position,and migratory histories of lake sturgeon(Acipenser fulvescens)captured in the mississippi and *** ***:Fish length and weight measurements and age estimates determined from pectoral fn rays demonstrated that lake sturgeon from the mississippi river had greater lengths-at-age compared to sturgeon from the *** ***,length–weight relations were similar for sturgeon from the mississippi and *** *** sturgeon captured from diferent locations had distinguishable fatty acid signatures,and stable isotope analyses demonstrated that lake sturgeon from the mississippi river generally feed at a higher trophic level than those in the *** ***-to-calcium ratios(Sr:Ca)from fn ray cross sections indicated that sturgeon captured from the mississippi river had higher Sr:Ca values than sturgeon captured from the *** river,and natal origins and capture locations were not signifcantly diferent among sturgeon captured within individual *** sturgeon were captured in water with a similar Sr:Ca signature as their natal waters,indicating that there is some separation between populations of lake sturgeon in the *** and mississippi ***,Sr:Ca data indicated substantial variation in movement patterns among individual lake sturgeon,indicating that populations interact through migrations of individual fsh between ***:Study results provide baseline c

关键词： Fin ray microchemistry Stable isotopes Fatty acids Lake sturgeon St.Croix river mississippi river National park Strontium Calcium

FINE SEDIMENT OF THE UPPER mississippi ANDILLINOIS riverS AND THE DISASTROUS CONSEQUENCES

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International Journal of Sediment Research 1999年第2期14卷 171-178页

作者： TaWei SOONG1 (l Watershed Science Section, Illinois State Water Survey. Department of natural Resources. 2204 Griffith Drive. Champaign, IL 61820)

Increased sediment loads and sedimentation rates in rivers and streams have produced major disturbances to the society. However, while discussing f sediment transport and sediment induced problems focuses have often been given to those related to coarse sediments; tine sediment induces problems have been primarily investigated in bays and estuaries. In the case of Upper mississippi river System (UMRS), increased turbidity and suspended sediment solids in the water column; heavy sediment deposition in channel boarders, backwater lakes, and side channels have shown to be problematic. Besides their impacts on human activities, fine sediments have also adversely affected water quality and flora and fauna of the river System. The total areas that affected, their accessibility, the amount, not to mention the contaminants involved, are complex challenges to the e1Yorts to restore the rivers’ functions. Many resource managers consider heavy sediment deposition in backwaters and side channels to be one of the most severe environmental problems on the UMRS. Large rivers are priceless resources and sedimentation plays a vital role in their sustainability. The example and experience learned from the UMRS can provide valuable information for management practices of other river basins.

关键词： mississippi river Fine sediment Sediment transport Water quality

Daily and Monthly Suspended Sediment Load Predictions Using Wavelet Based Artificial Intelligence Approaches

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Journal of Mountain Science 2015年第1期12卷 85-100页

作者： Vahid NOURANI Gholamreza ANDALIB Department of Water Resources Engineering Faculty of Civil Engineering University of Tabriz

In the current study, the efficiency of Wavelet-based Least Square Support Vector Machine （WLSSVM） model was examined for prediction of daily and monthly Suspended Sediment Load （SSL） of the mississippi river. For this purpose, in the first step, SSL was predicted via ad hoc LSSVM and Artificial Neural Network （ANN） models; then, streamflow and SSL data were decomposed into sub- signals via wavelet, and these decomposed sub-time series were imposed to LSSVM and ANN to simulate discharge-SSL relationship. Finally, the ability of WLSSVM was compared with other models in multi- step-ahead SSL predictions. The results showed that in daily SSL prediction, LSSVM has better outcomes with Determination Coefficient （DC）=o.92 than ad hoc ANN with DC=o.88. However unlike daily SSL, in monthly modeling, ANN has a bit accurate upshot. WLSSVM and wavelet-based ANN （WANN） models showed same consequences in daily and different in monthly SSL predictions, and adding wavelet led to more accuracy of LSSVM and ANN. Furthermore, conjunction of wavelet to LSSVM and ANN evaluated via multi-step-ahead SSL predictions and, e.g., DCLssVM=0.4 was increased to the DCwLsSVM=0.71 in 7- day ahead SSL prediction. In addition, WLSSVM outperformed WANN by increment of time horizon prediction.

关键词： Suspended Sediment Load Least SquareSupport Vector Machine (LSSVM) Wavelet ArtificialNeural Network (ANN) mississippi river

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river Management and Flooding: The Lesson of December 2015–January 2016, Central USA

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Journal of Earth Science 2016年第1期27卷 117-122页

作者： Robert E.Criss Mingming Luo Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences Washington University in St.Louis School of Environmental Studies China University of Geosciences

The huge winter storm of December 23-29, 2015 delivered heavy rainfall in a broad swath across the USA, deluging East-Central Missouri. Record high river levels were set at many sites, but damages were most pronounced in developed floodplain areas, particularly where high levees were built or river channels greatly narrowed. An average of 20 cm of rain that mostly fell in three days impacted the entire 10 300 km2 Meramec Basin. Compared to the prior record flood of 1982, the highest relative stage（＋1.3 m） on Meramec river occurred at Valley Park proximal to（1） a new levee,（2） a landfill in the floodway,（3） large floodplain construction fills, and（4） tributary creek basins impacted by suburban sprawl. Even though only a small fraction of the 1.8 million km2 mississippi river watershed above St. Louis received extraordinary rainfall during this event, the huge channelized river near and below St. Louis rapidly rose to set the 3rd-highest to the highest stages ever, exhibiting the flashy response typical of a much smaller river.

关键词： floods mississippi river levees floodplain development.

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Three dimensional hydrodynamic modeling over bed forms in open channels

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2010年第4期25卷 431-440页

作者： K.EL KHEIASHY J.MCCORQUODALE I.GEORGIOU E.MESELHE Kellogg Brown and Root Inc. (KBR) 4100 Clinton Drive 03-1130 Houston TX 77020 USA Civil and Environmental Engineering Department University of New Orleans New Orleans LA 70148 USA Earth and Environmental Sciences Department University of New Orleans New Orleans LA 70148 USA Civil Engineering Department University of Louisiana at Lafayette Lafayette LA 70504USA

Three dimensional numerical modeling ofidealized sand dunes was used to assess the capability of various modeling formulations to capture the flow structure and resistance introduced by bed forms which are similar to those in the Lower mississippi river. The selected models were: ECOMSED (HydroQual), MIKE 3 [Danish Hydraulic Institute (DHI)] and H3D (Hayco). The study revealed that the hydrostatic versions of models did not capture the flow separation at the crest of the dunes; however, they did respond to the presence of bed forms and gave a total resistance similar to the nonhydrostatic models.

关键词： Bed forms Alluvial rivers Three dimensional models mississippi river

A COMPREHENSIVE MANAGEMENT PLAN FOR COASTAL LOUISIANA

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地理学报 1999年第2期54卷 71-82页

作者： Ivor Ll. van Heerden (Louisiana State University LA 70893, USA) Louisiana State University 美国

１Ｅｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔａｌｓｅｔｉｎｇ１．１ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＴｈｅｃｏａｓｔａｌｗｅｔｌａｎｄｓａｎｄｅｓｔｕａｒｉｅｓｏｆＬｏｕｉｓｉａｎａａｒｅｏｎｅｏｆｔｈｅｗｏｒｌｄ＇ｓｇｒｅａｔｅｃｏｓｙｓ－ｔｅ... 详细信息

１Ｅｎｖｉｒｏｎｍｅｎｔａｌｓｅｔｉｎｇ１．１ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＴｈｅｃｏａｓｔａｌｗｅｔｌａｎｄｓａｎｄｅｓｔｕａｒｉｅｓｏｆＬｏｕｉｓｉａｎａａｒｅｏｎｅｏｆｔｈｅｗｏｒｌｄ＇ｓｇｒｅａｔｅｃｏｓｙｓ－ｔｅｍｓ［１］．Ｆｏｒｍｉｌｅｎｎｉａ...

关键词： mississippi river coastal wetland management plan

WETLAND LOSS IN COASTAL LOUISIANA

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International Journal of Sediment Research 1998年第1期 5-14页

作者： Menglou WANG 1 and Donald Dean ADRIAN 2

ＷＥＴＬＡＮＤＬＯＳＳＩＮＣＯＡＳＴＡＬＬＯＵＩＳＩＡＮＡＭｅｎｇｌｏｕＷＡＮＧ１ａｎｄＤｏｎａｌｄＤｅａｎＡＤＲＩＡＮ２ＡＢＳＴＲＡＣＴＷｅｔｌａｎｄｓｉｎｔｈｅＭｉｓｉｓｓｉｐｐｉＲｉｖｅｒｄｅｌｔａｉｃｐｌａｉ... 详细信息

ＷＥＴＬＡＮＤＬＯＳＳＩＮＣＯＡＳＴＡＬＬＯＵＩＳＩＡＮＡＭｅｎｇｌｏｕＷＡＮＧ１ａｎｄＤｏｎａｌｄＤｅａｎＡＤＲＩＡＮ２ＡＢＳＴＲＡＣＴＷｅｔｌａｎｄｓｉｎｔｈｅＭｉｓｉｓｓｉｐｐｉＲｉｖｅｒｄｅｌｔａｉｃｐｌａｉｎａｒｅｖａｌｕａｂｌｅｒｅｓｏｕ...

关键词： Wetland loss Wetland management strategy Flood control levee Marsh Man made Crevasse mississippi river Sediment accretion

How Waterways, Glacial Melt Waters, and Earthquakes Re-aligned Ancient rivers and Changed Illinois Borders

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Journal of Earth Science and Engineering 2014年第7期4卷 389-399页

作者： Kenneth R. Olson Fred Christensen College of Agricultural Consumer and Environmental Sciences University of Illinois Urbana 61801 Illinois USA University of Kentucky Lexington 40507 Kentucky USA University of Illinois Urbana 61801 Illinois USA

The borders of Illinois were established when Illinois became a state in 1818. The western border was delineated using the mississippi river, and the Ohio river was used as the southern border. The eastern border was formed by the Ohio and Wabash rivers plus the line along latitude 42030＇30＇＇ connecting the Wabash river to Lake Michigan. As initially proposed, the northern border of Illinois would have been 82 km （51 mi） to the south of the current longitude line of 87~31 ＇. This 2,160,000 ha （5,440,000 ac） addition to Illinois resulted in the territory having the required minimum of 40,000 people to qualify as a state. The northern border was moved to allow the linkage of the Great Lakes shipping route to the Illinois and mississippi river navigation channels. Illinois thus gained a valuable shoreline on Lake Michigan and a location for a shipping port hub which became Chicago. Initially the transfer of goods between these waterways required a portage, but later a shipping canal was created to link the waterways. During the Civil War, Union forces used the connected waterway systems as a northern supply route to avoid the contested Ohio river.

关键词： Waterways mississippi river Ohio river Illinois territory Illinois borders.