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Establishment of a PCR Method for the Identification of mink-Derived Components in Common Edible Meats

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Journal of Analysis and Testing 2022年第1期6卷 51-57页

作者： Jia-Mu Niu Lin Cui Jin-Xia Ai Guang-Xin Yuan Li-Yuan Sun Li-Jun Gao Ming-Cheng Li Department of Science and Technology Beihua UniversityJilin 132013China School of Technology Medicine Beihua UniversityJilin 132013China College of Pharmacy Beihua UniversityJilin 132013China

In this study,we established a DNA extraction method of meats and a PCR method for the detection of mink-derived compo-nents in common edible meats.The DNA of meats was extracted by a developed mink-derived component detection method and salting-out method,the specific primers of Cyt-b were designed,and the mink-derived components in common edible meats were identified by PCR.The results showed that the concentration and purity of mink meat DNA extracted by the two methods could meet the requirements of PCR.The mink meat DNA extracted by the developed mink DNA detection method had a high purity and yield.The mink-derived DNA in common edible meats could be identified.The specificity of mink meat DNA primer was proved to be good by repeated tests.The developed mink DNA detection method has the advantages of rapid detection and simple operation,which can be used for the identification of meat products in market and provide an experimental basis for the quality control of meat products.

关键词： mink Cyt-b Molecular biology Identification of authenticity

Replication, pathogenicity, and transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in minks

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National Science Review 2021年第3期8卷 21-28页

作者： Lei Shuai Gongxun Zhong Quan Yuan Zhiyuan Wen Chong Wang Xijun He Renqiang Liu Jinliang Wang Qinjian Zhao Yuxiu Liu Ningning Huo Junhua Deng Jingjing Bai Hongchao Wu Yuntao Guan Jianzhong Shi Kegong Tian Ningshao Xia Hualan Chen Zhigao Bu State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology Harbin Veterinary Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences National High Containment Laboratory for Animal Diseases Control and Prevention State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics National Institute of Diagnostics and Vaccine Development in Infectious DiseasesSchool of Public Health Xiamen University National Research Center for Veterinary Medicine

minks are raised in many countries and have transmitted severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2) to humans.However,the biologic properties of SARS-CoV-2 in minks are largely unknown.Here,we investigated and found that SARS-CoV-2 replicates efficiently in both the upper and lower respiratory tracts,and transmits efficiently in minks via respiratory droplets;pulmonary lesions caused by SARS-CoV-2 in minks are similar to those seen in humans with COVID-19.We further found that a spike protein-based subunit vaccine largely prevented SARS-CoV-2 replication and lung damage caused by SARS-CoV-2 infection in minks.Our study indicates that minks are a useful animal model for evaluating the efficacy of drugs or vaccines against COVID-19 and that vaccination is a potential strategy to prevent minks from transmitting SARS-CoV-2.

关键词： SARS-CoV-2 mink replication pathogenicity transmission animal model

Effect of gingerol on substance P and NK1 receptor expression in a vomiting model of mink

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Chinese Medical Journal 2010年第4期123卷 478-484页

作者： QIAN Qiu-hai YUE Wang CHEN Wen-hui YANG Zhi-hong LIU Zhan-tao WANG Yao-xia Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Jinan Shandong 250011 China Department of Pharmacy -Medical College of Qingdao University Qingdao Shandong 266021 China Affiliated Hospi-tal of Guangxi College of Traditional Chinese Medicine Nanning Guangxi 530023 China

Background Gingerol is the generic term for pungent constituents in ginger, which has been reported to be effective for inhibiting vomiting. We attempted to investigate the antiemetic effect of gingerol and its effective mechanism on substance P and NK1 receptors in minks. Methods The antiemetic effect of gingerol was investigated during a 6-hour observation on a vomiting model in minks induced by cisplatin, （7.5 mg/kg, intraperitoneal）. The distribution of substance P and NK1 receptors in the area postrema and ileum were measured by immunohistochemistry, and the expression of NK1 receptor in the area postrema and ileum were measured by Western blotting. Results The frequency of cisplatin induced retching and vomiting was significantly reduced by pretreatment with gingerol in a dose-dependent manner （P 〈0.05）. Substance P-immunoreactive was mainly situated in the mucosa and submucosa of the ileum as well as in the neurons of the area postrema. The immunoreactive production of NK1 receptor was mainly situated in the muscular and submucosa of ileum and the neurons of area postrema, gingerol markedly suppressed the increased immunoreactivity of substance P and NK1 receptor induced by cisplatin in a dose-dependent manner （P 〈0.05）, and exhibited effective inhibition on the increased expression levels of NK1 receptor in both the ileum and area postrema dose-dependently （P 〈0.05）. Conclusions Gingerol has good activity against cisplatin-induced emesis in minks possibly by inhibiting central or peripheral increase of substance P and NK1 receptors.

关键词： gingerol vomiting mink cisplatin substance P NK1 receptors

Assessing the extent of community spread caused by mink-derived SARS-CoV-2 variants

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The Innovation 2021年第3期2卷 70-78页

作者： Liang Wang Xavier Didelot Yuhai Bi George F.Gao CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology Institute of MicrobiologyCenter for Influenza Research and Early-warning(CASCIRE)CAS-TWAS Center of Excellence for Emerging Infectious Diseases(CEEID)Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China School of Life Sciences and Department of Statistics University of WarwickCoventry CV47ALUK University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 101408China

SARS-CoV-2 has recently been found to have spread from humans to minks and then to have transmitted back to humans.However,it is unknown to what extent the human-to-human transmission caused by the variant has reached.Here,we used publicly available SARS-CoV-2 genomic sequences from both humans and minks collected in Denmark and the Netherlands,and combined phylogenetic analysis with Bayesian inference under an epidemiological model,to trace the possibility of person-to-person transmission.The results showed that at least 12.5%of all people being infected with dominated minkderived SARS-CoV-2 variants in Denmark and the Netherlands were caused by human-to-human transmission,indicating that this“backto-human”SARS-CoV-2 variant has already caused human-to-human transmission.Our study also indicated the need for monitoring this mink-derived and other animal source“back-to-human”SARS-CoV-2 in future and that prevention and control measures should be tailored to avoid large-scale community transmission caused by the virus jumping between animals and humans.

关键词： SARS-CoV-2 mink human-to-human transmission

mink Circovirus Can Infect minks, Foxes and Raccoon Dogs

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Virologica Sinica 2018年第6期33卷 561-564页

作者： Yanling Yang Yuening Cheng Nan Li Shipeng Cheng Li Guo Yucheng Zhou Haiwei Zhang Xinyuan Zhang Linzhu Ren State Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Special Economic Animals Institute of Special Wild Economic Animals and PlantsChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesChangchun 130112China Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Embryo Engineering College of Animal SciencesJilin UniversityChangchun 130112China Key Laboratory of Jilin Province for Zoonosis Prevention and Control Military Veterinary InstituteAcademy of Military Medical SciencesChangchun 130062China

Dear Editor,mink circovirus (MiCV), which is clustered in the genus Circovirus of the family Circoviridae, was first described in minks from farms in Dalian, China in 2013 (Lian et al.2014). The complete single-stranded circular genome of the virus is 1,753 nucleotides long and contains two major open reading frames (ORFs), designated ORF1 (Rep gene)and ORF2 (Cap gene)(Lian et al. 2014;Ge et al. 2018).

关键词： PCV Foxes and Raccoon Dogs mink Circovirus Can Infect minks

Cellular tropism and antigenicity of mink-derived SARS-CoV-2 variants

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2021年第6期6卷 1668-1670页

作者： Li Zhang Qianqian Li Jianhui Nie Ruxia Ding Haixin Wang Jiajing Wu Xuguang Li Xiaoming Yang Weijin Huang Youchun Wang Division of HIV/AIDS and Sex-transmitted Virus Vaccines Institute for Biological Product ControlNational Institutes for Food and Drug Control(NIFDC)and WHO Collaborating Center for Standardization and Evaluation of BiologicalsBeijingChina Centre for Biologies Evaluation Biologic and Radiopharmaceutical Drugs DirectorateHPFBHealth CanadaOttawaONCanada China National Biotec Group Company Limited BeijingChina

Dear Editor,The outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 in minks has been observed recently,raising serious concerns over cross-species transmission and the emergence of variants capable of rendering antibody therapy and vaccines less effective.Here,the species tropism and antigenicity of the spike protein of ten variants were analyzed in pseudovirus-based assays involving 25 cell lines as well as 293T cells expressing ACE2 receptor from 14 species.

关键词： ACE2 mink variants

STUDIES ON PREPARATION OF INACTIVATED VACCINES FROM CELL CULTURES OF mink ENTERITIS VIRUS (MEV) AND THEIR IMMUNITY

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Science China Chemistry 1991年第8期34卷 947-962页

作者：张德礼 Economic Animal Virology and Immunology Laboratory Military Veterinary Science Institute in Beijing Military Area of PLA

In this paper, superhigh reproductive rate strains of MEV with titre more than HA8192* or TCID50 log9.7 10 have been achieved both by cultivation in cell lines with different susceptibility to MEV and by isolating and identifying in field by the author. The systematic tests proved that S18 and L12 strains of MEV are the best strains for vaccine preparation. In this study, the best means for the tissue cultivation of MEV and the most advanced technological process for the production and detection of serum-free cell-cultured MEV fluids with super-high HA titre in batches in large quantities have been established for the first time. Optimum conditions for MEV inactivation were determined, and safe and effective inactivated vaccines with mineral oil or A1(OH)3 gel adjuvant were successfully prepared with serum-free cell-cultured MEV fluids. Both vaccines with different adjuvants can be manufactured in batches in large quantities and have been widely used all over China since 1986. The change laws of the

关键词： mink virus enteritis (MVE) new means for parvovirus selection and cultivation inactivated vaccines from cell cultures immune response kinetics new technologies for monitoring the vaccines quality.

Effects of dietary copper on elemental balance,plasma minerals and serum biochemical parameters of growing-furring male mink(Mustela vison)

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Animal Nutrition 2015年第1期1卷 19-23页

作者： Xuezhuang Wu Hu Cui Xiuhua Gao Fuhe Yang Institute of Feed Research Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences State Key Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Special Economic Animals Institute of Economic Animal and Plant ScienceChinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences

The objectives of this study were to study the effects of different levels of dietary copper on copper and zinc balance, plasma minerals and serum biochemical parameters of mink in the growing-furring periods. One hundred and five standard dark male mink were randomly assigned to seven groups with the following dietary treatments: basal diet with no supplemental Cu(Control); basal diet supplemented with either 6,12, 24, 48, 96, or 192 mg/kg Cu from copper sulfate,respectively. The average daily gain(ADG) linearly(P = 0.0026, P = 0.0006) responded to increasing levels of Cu; maximal growth was seen in the Cu24 group. Feed efficiency tended to improve with the increase of dietary copper level(linear P = 0.0010, quad, P = 0.0011). Fecal copper, urinary copper, retention copper responded in a linear(P mink could alter the plasma lipid profile and copper concentration.

关键词： mink Copper Plasma minerals Serum biochemical parameters

Effects of dry dietary protein on digestibility, nitrogen-balance and growth performance of young male mink

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Animal Nutrition 2015年第2期1卷 60-64页

作者： Tietao Zhang Haihua Zhang Xuezhuang Wu Qiang Guo Zhi Liu Wang Qian Xiuhua Gao Fuhe Yang Guangyu Li State Key Laboratory of Special Economic Animal Molecular Biology Institute of Special Economic Animal and Plant ScienceChinese Academy of Agricultural Science Feed Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science College of Animal Sciences Zhejiang University

The experiment was to study the nutrient digestibility and metabolism performance of male minks,which were fed different protein level diets during growth period. Effects of protein quantity on growth and development of minks and feed conversion ratio(FCR) were also investigated. Sixty healthy male minks of 45 d were randomly allocated into six groups with ten replicates, which was one sable for each replicate. The minks in six groups were fed diets in which protein levels were 28, 30,32, 34, 36 and 38%,respectively. The six groups were denoted as P28, P30, P32, P34, P36 and P38. After 2 wk, all minks were weighed, average daily gains(ADG) were calculated, and the digestibility values of nutrients were determined. The results indicated that digestibility of calcium, nitrogen of fence, nitrogen deposition, net protein utilization(NPU), and biological value of protein(BV) were similar(P > 0.05), however, nitrogen intake greatly varied among groups(P mink diet would optimize production parameters including ADG, digestibility of nutrition,and FCR, and negative result was observed when diet protein was lower than 28%.

关键词： mink Protein Digestibility Growth performance