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The Eocene Bryozoans of Bekrit-Timahdite Formation, middle-atlas, Morocco: Taxonomy, Paleoenvironments and Paleoclimates Implications

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2021年第3期9卷 136-153页

作者： Mohammed El Attmani Amine Bouwafoud Salem Elouariti Hicham Si Mhamdi Abdelmajid Ben Bouziane Mustapha Mouflih Sedimentary Basins Dynamic and Geological Correlations Laboratory Department of Geology Faculty of Science Ben M’sik Hassan II University Casablanca Morocco Laboratory of Applied Geology Department of Geosciences Faculty of Sciences and Techniques Errachidia Moulay Isma&iuml l University Meknes Morocco

Located in the North-West of the African continent, the Moroccan middle atlas constitutes an intra-continental chain within the atlas domain. It is known by several global geological events such as the Paleocene-Eocene crisis during the Paleogene, which corresponds to one of the hottest periods on earth with Paleocene-Eocene thermal maximum (PETM). A taxonomic study carried out on the carbonate deposits of the Bekrit-Timahdite Formation from three sections of the Bekrit syncline allowed the identification of 5 species of the Cheilostome and Cyclostome Bryozoans (Cellaria rigida, Cellaria sinuosa, Aimulosia lamellosa, Heteropora and Osthimosia) in bioclastic limestones, nodular limestones, marly and sandy limestones. The interest of Bryozoans as indicators of paleoenvironments and paleoclimates was assessed by examining current communities, in terms of depth evolution as richness and abundance, distribution of taxonomic categories zoarium types, and zooidal morphology. The depositional environment analysis of Bryozoans showed a shallow marine carbonate platform with low sedimentation energy where is registered a relatively warm paleoclimate.

关键词： Bryozoans Eocene Taxonomy Carbonate Paleoenvironment middle-atlas

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Late Cretaceous-Paleogene Formation of the Bekrit Syncline, middle atlas, Morocco: Sedimentology, Geochemistry, Palynology and Paleoenvironments

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Open Journal of Geology 2021年第3期11卷 61-80页

作者： Mohammed El Attmani Amine Bouwafoud Salem Elouariti Hicham Si Mhamdi Abdelmajid Ben Bouziane Mustapha Mouflih Sedimentary Basins Dynamic and Geological Correlations Laboratory Department of Geology Faculty of Science Ben M’sik Hassan II University of Casablanca Casablanca Morocco Laboratory of Applied Geology Department of Geosciences Faculty of Sciences and Techniques Errachidia Moulay Isma&#239 l University of Meknes Meknes Morocco

Globally, the Paleogene period experienced several events marking the Paleocene-Eocene transition which is especially to one of the hottest periods that the Earth has ever known (Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum, PETM), followed by the biological crisis that affected benthic foraminifera. The Bekrit Syncline, subject of this study, shows three Formations of range from the Cretaceous to the Eocene ages (the El Koubbat, Irbzer and Bekrit-Timahdite Formations). Sedimentological, palynological and geochemical analyses of collected samples, in the Bekrit syncline, were studied to determine the paleogeographic and paleoenvironmental conditions of the middle atlas. The carbonate rocks were analyzed by microscopic study and geochemical analysis by X-ray Fluorescence (XF) and Inductively Coupled Plasma Spectrometry (ICP). The results obtained highlight the sedimentary events that took place during the Paleogene. Thus, the Maastrichtian is characterized by a closed euxinic marine environment shared by a more open and oxidizing environment. On the other hand, the Paleocene was a restricted marine environment with evaporitic sedimentation, while the Eocene sees the installation of a carbonate platform with a bioclastic Shoal.

关键词： Geochemistry Sedimentology Palynology Carbonates Phosphate Paleoenvironments middle-atlas

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