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The middle miocene lobe-shaped and band-shaped submarine fans in the Lingshui Sag,Qiongdongnan Basin:source-to-sink system,genesis and implication

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2024年第4期43卷 61-79页

作者： Xingzong Yao Congjun Feng Hongjun Qu Min Zhang Daming Li State Key Laboratory of Continental Dynamics Northwest UniversityXi’an 710069China Department of Geology Northwest UniversityXi’an 710069China Exploration and Development Technology Research Center of Yanchang Oilfield Co. Ltd.Yan’an 716000China Chexplor Resource Exploration Technology Co. Ltd.Huaibei 235000China

Deepwater oil and gas exploration is the key to sustainable breakthroughs in petroleum exploration worldwide.The Central Canyon gas field has confirmed the Lingshui Sag is a hydrocarbon-generating sag,and the deepwater reservoirs in the Lingshui Sag still have more fabulous oil and gas exploration potential.Based on drilling data and three-dimensional(3D)seismic data,this paper uses seismic facies analysis,seismic attribute analysis,and coherence slice analysis to identify the types of submarine fans(lobe-shaped and band-shaped submarine fans)that developed in the Lingshui Sag during the middle miocene,clarify the source-to-sink system of the submarine fans and discuss the genesis mechanism of the submarine fans.The results show that:(1)the deepwater source-to-sink system of the Lingshui Sag in the middle miocene mainly consisted of a“delta(sediment supply)-submarine canyon(sediment transport channel)-submarine fan(deepwater sediment sink)”association;(2)the main factor controlling the formation of the submarine fans developed in the Lingshui Sag was on the relative sea level decline;and(3)the bottom current reworked the lobe-shaped submarine fan that developed in the northern Lingshui Sag and formed the band-shaped submarine fan with a greater sand thickness.This paper aims to provide practical geological knowledge for subsequent petroleum exploration and development in the deepwater area of the Qiongdongnan Basin through a detailed analysis of the middle miocene submarine fan sedimentary system developed in the Lingshui Sag.

关键词： submarine fan source-to-sink system genesis mechanism middle miocene Lingshui Sag

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Fossil fruits of Firmiana and Tilia from the middle miocene of South Korea and the efficacy of the Bering land bridge for the migration of mesothermal plants

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Plant Diversity 2021年第6期43卷 480-491页

作者： Lin-Bo Jia Gi-Soo Nam Tao Su Gregory W.Stull Shu-Feng Li Yong-Jiang Huang Zhe-Kun Zhou CAS Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650204China Gongju National University of Education 27Ungjin-roGongju-siChungcheongnam-do 32553South Korea CAS Key Laboratory of Tropical Forest Ecology Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesMengla 666303China University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Germplasm Bank of Wild Species Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunmingYunnan 650201China Department of Botany Smithsonian InstitutionWashingtonDC 20013USA

Determining whether the high-latitude Bering land bridge(BLB)was ecologically suitable for the migration of mesothermal plants is significant for Holarctic phytogeographic inferences.Paleobotanical studies provide a critical source of data on the latitudinal positions of different plant lineages at different times,permitting assessment of the efficacy of the BLB for migration.Here we report exceptionally preserved fossils of Firmiana and Tilia endochrysea from the middle miocene of South Korea.This represents a new reliable record of Firmiana and the first discovery of the T.endochrysea lineage in the fossil record of Asia.The occurrence of these fossils in South Korea indicates that the two lineages had a distribution that extended much farther north during the middle miocene,but they were still geographically remote from the BLB.In light of the broader fossil record of Asia,our study shows that,in the middle miocene,some mesothermal plants apparently inhabited the territory adjacent to the BLB and thus they were possibly capable of utilizing the BLB as a migratory corridor.Some other mesothermal plants,such as Firmiana and the T.endochrysea lineages,however,are restricted to more southern regions relative to the BLB based on current fossil evidence.These lineages may have been ecologically unable to traverse the BLB,which raises questions about the efficacy of the BLB as a universal exchange route for mesothermal plants between Asia and North America during the middle miocene.

关键词： Asia Bering land bridge Biogeography middle miocene Malvaceae

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Characteristics and origins of middle miocene mounds and channels in the northern South China Sea

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2021年第2期40卷 65-80页

作者： Yufeng Li Gongcheng Zhang Renhai Pu Hongjun Qu Huailei Shen Xueqin Zhao School of Environment and Resource Southwest University of Science and TechnologyMianyang 621010China State Key Laboratory of Continental Dynamics Xi’an 710069China Department of Geology Northwest UniversityXi’an 710069China Key Laboratory of Marine Mineral Resources Ministry of Natural ResourcesGuangzhou 510075China CNOOC Research Institute Co. Ltd.Beijing 100028China

Numerous elongated mounds and channels were found at the top of the middle miocene strata using 2D/3D seismic data in the Liwan Sag of Zhujiang River Mouth Basin(ZRMB)and the Beijiao Sag of Qiongdongnan Basin(QDNB).They occur at intervals and are rarely revealed by drilling wells in the deepwater areas.Origins of the mounds and channels are controversial and poorly understood.Based on an integrated analysis of the seismic attribute,palaeotectonics and palaeogeography,and drilling well encountering a mound,research results show that these mounds are dominantly distributed on the depression centres and/or slopes of the Liwan and Beijiao sags and developed in a bathyal sedimentary environment.In the Liwan and Beijiao sags,the mounds between channels(sub)parallel to one another are 1.0–1.5 km and 1.5–2.0 km wide,150–300 m and 150–200 m high,and extend straightly from west to east for 5–15 km and 8–20 km,respectively.Mounds and channels in the Liwan Sag are parallel with the regional slope.Mounds and channels in the Beijiao Sag,however,are at a small angle to the regional slope.According to internal geometry,texture and external morphology of mounds,the mounds in Beijiao Sag are divided into weak amplitude parallel reflections(mound type I),blank or chaotic reflections(mound type II),and internal mounded reflections(mound typeⅢ).The mounds in Liwan Sag,however,have the sole type,i.e.,mound type I.Mound type I originates from the incision of bottom currents and/or gravity flows.Mound type II results from gravity-driven sediments such as turbidite.Mound typeⅢis a result of deposition and incision of bottom currents simultaneously.The channels with high amplitude between mounds in the Beijiao and Liwan sags are a result of gravity-flow sediments and it is suggested they are filled by sandstone.Whereas channels with low-mediate amplitudes are filled by bottom-current sediments only in the Beijiao Sag,where they are dominantly composed of mudstone.This study provides new insights into the origins of the mounds and channels

关键词： South China Sea middle miocene channels and mounds contour currents

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ON ALLOPTOX (LAGOMORPHA, OCHOTONIDAE)FROM THE middle miocene OF TONGXIN, NINGXIA HUI AUTONOMOUS REGION, CHINA

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古脊椎动物学报(中英文） 1991年第3期 221-229页

作者： Wu Wenyu Ye Jie Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Academia SinicaZhu Baocheng Bureau of Geology, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region

Rather abundant sample of Alloptox, including skulls, maxillae, mandibles and isolated teeth, was collected from the middle miocene of Tongxin County, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region during the two field seasons in 1985 and 1986, when reconnaissance and geological mapping of the middle miocene in this region were conducted by a joint party of the Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Academia Sinica (IVPP) and the Bureau of Geology, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region. The specimens came from 18 localities pertaining to 9 levels in a sequence of middle miocene fluviatile sediments with a thickness of ca. 200m. Except for the specimens assigned to Alloptox sp. from locality Taoziliang, all are recognized as Alloptox gobiensis. The present paper deals with only their dental morphology which is probably phylogenetically significant. Altogether 327 specimens of Alloptox gobiensis and 27 specimens of Alloptox sp. have been described. The text figures are drawn by the authors and Mrs. Yang Mingwan. All teeth are presented as left ones, the abbreviatd word "inv" is used under the figures of right teeth. All specimens are stored in IVPP under the inventory number V8822-V8839. The authors are much obliged to Prof. Qiu Zhanxiang for reading and correcting the English version of this paper.

关键词： Tongxin (Ningxia) middle miocene Alloptox dental motphology

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middle miocene vegetation and climate in the central and southern part of Yunnan,China

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地球环境学报 2011年第1期 329-330页

作者： ZHANG Qian-qian Ferguson D K Mosbrugger V WANG Yu-Fei LI Cheng-Sen State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of Sciences Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Palaeontology University of Vienna Forschungsinstitut und Naturmuseum

In order to understand the Neogene vegetation succession and climatic changes in Southwest China,we reconstructed the middle miocene vegetation and climate at four localities,which are at different latitudes(24°19’25.3 "N / 23°35’10.2" N / 22°27’44.5 "N / 21°17’05.9" N) along the SW side of the Mao Mountains in Yunnan Province.The palynological assemblages obtained from the four localities suggest that the middle miocene vegetation there was composed of mixed evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved forests with some coniferous forests growing under subtropical conditions.Based on the palynological data,seven paleoclimatic parameters of the four localities are obtained by applying the method of Co-existence Approach and compared with the modern and the Late miocene and Late Pliocene climatic parameters in Yunnan.The comparison revealed that:1) Among the four palynological assemblages,the abundance of angiosperms increase while those of gymnosperms and pteridophytes decrease along the gradient of latitudes from north to south.2) The mean annual temperature(MAT) and mean coldest monthly temperature(MCMT) were obviously lower in middle miocene than today(MAT:13.2 to 14.6 comp.17.7 to 21 ℃;MCMT:2.9 comp.10.9 to 15.2℃).It suggests that the Ailao Mountains were not high enough to block the summer monsoon and the winter monsoon.3) In contrast to the Neogene global cooling,the regional values of the MAT and MCMT in Yunnan increased and accompanied by a decrease of the difference of temperature between the coldest and warmest months(18.4℃ to 19.1 ℃ comp.9.5℃ to 12.3℃) since middle miocene.This may be linked to a gradual reduction in the strength of the Asian winter monsoon as the Tibetan Plateau was uplifted.

关键词： Palynology Paleovegetation Paleoclimate middle miocene Yunnan SW China

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THE FIRST DISCOVERY OF middle miocene RODENTS FROM THE NORTHERN JUNGGAR BASIN, CHINA

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古脊椎动物学报 1988年第4期26卷 259-264页

作者： Wu Wenyu Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology. Academia Sinica

During the field season of 1982 in Northern Junggar Basin, surface collecting by the field party of IVPP at the outcrops of Halamagai Formation provided 7 isolated cheek teeth of rodents associated with some macromammals typical of middle miocene age: Platybelodon, Stephanocemas thomsoni, Lagomeryx sp., etc.It is the first time that the miocene rodents are discovered in this region. They belong to 3 genera, 4 species:Sinomylagaulus halamagaiensis gen. et sp. nov.Atlantoxerus junggarensis sp. nov.A. giganteus sp. nov.Amblycastor tungurensis Stirton, 1934Many thanks are due to Drs. V. Fahlbusch, N. Schmidt-Kittler, P. Mein and N. S. Shevyreva for their sending me the comparative materials, reprints and profitable discussion. The colleagues of IVPP field party put in a lot of hard work to collect this material. Mr. Shen Wenlong made the textfigures. To all these persons the author wants to express her heartfelt gratitudes.All the specimens herein described are stored in the collections of IVPP.

关键词： Northern Junggar Basin middle miocene Lower Halamagai Formation Rodentia

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Occurrence of Persea Mill. from the Siwalik Forest of Darjeeling, Eastern Himalaya： Paleoclimatic and Paleogeographic Implications

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Journal of Earth Science 2016年第5期27卷 883-890页

作者： Mahasin Ali Khan Subir Bera Centre of Advanced Study Department of BotanyUniversity of CalcuttaKolkata-700019India Department of Botany Sidho-Kanho-Birsha UniversityPurulia 723104India

Fossil leaf remains of two new species of Persea Mill., belonging to the family Lauraceae collected from the lower part of the Siwalik sediments（Gish Clay Formation of Sevok Group, middle miocene） of Darjeeling foothills of eastern Himalaya, are described. The new species are Persea miogamblei sp. nov. and Persea neovillosa sp. nov.. On the basis of leaf architecture（size, shape and venation pattern） fossil leaves described in this article closely resemble modern leaves of Persea gamblei（King ex Hook. f.） Kosterm. and Persea villosa（Roxb.） Kosterm.. The geographic distribution of the fossils and their modern counterparts are discussed and on that basis tropical evergreen vegetation with a warm and humid climate at the time of deposition of the Siwalik sediments is suggested in contrast to the present day tropical deciduous vegetation in this area. The present finding also suggests probable migration of these lauraceous taxa to Southeast Asia.

关键词： Persea fossil leaves middle miocene Siwalik paleoelimate Darjeeling.

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Fossil-Winged Fruits of Fraxinus(Oleaceae) and Liriodendron(Magnoliaceae) from the Duho Formation,Pohang Basin,Korea

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2009年第5期83卷 845-852页

作者： Seung-Ho JUNG Seong-Joo LEE Department of Geology Kyungpook National UniversityDaegu 702-701Korea

A total of 16 specimens of fossil-winged fruits were found from the middle miocene marine deposits, Duho Formation, Pohang Basin, Korea. They were identified into two structurally different groups： 15 specimens into a winged fruit of Fraxinus, and one specimen of Liriodendron. The most samaras （13 specimens） were identified as Fraxinus oishii, which is characterized by narrowly ovate or ovate-elliptic shapes that are 2.7-3.6 cm in length and 0.7-1 cm in width （i/w ratio=3.4-4）. The apexes of the Fraxinus oishii samara are round or slightly emarginated, and a seed of the samara is always located at the base, of which the general shape is narrow rhombic-ellipsoidal. The seed is 1.2-2 cm long and 0.5-0.7 cm wide. Two specimens are different from the samara of Fraxinus oishii. They have a 6.6 length/width ratio （3.3 cm long and 0.5 cm wide）, and thus, are temporarily classified into the Fraxinus sp. One specimen was recognized as a winged seed of Liriodendron meisenense. The wing is broadly lanceolate to elliptic in shape, has a smooth, acute apex, and is approximately 3 cm long and 0.7 cm wide. Samaras of Fraxinus oishii and Liriodendron meisenense were early reported from the middle miocene deposits from North Korea, but these specimens are the first discovery in South Korea. Further study of the Duho Formation may connect flora relationships between North and South Korea.

关键词： winged fruits Fraxinus Liriodendron middle miocene Pohang Basin Korea

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BUNOLISTRIODON INTERMEDIUS (SUIDAE, ARTIODACTYLA) FROM TONGXIN, NINGXIA

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古脊椎动物学报(中英文） 1992年第2期 142-145+177-178页

From the same beds in the east of Tongxin County, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, where the large Kubanochoerous had been found (Qiu et al., 1988), some Bunolistriodon jaws and teeth were recently discovered. These specimens have been assigned to B. intermedius. The new material enables us to discuss in more detail the possible relationships between the so-called intermediate "Listriodon" and lophodont listriodons.

关键词： Tongxin, Ningxia middle miocene Bunolistriodon

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DISTYLOMYIDAE FAM. NOV. (?CTENODACTYLOIDEA, RODENTIA) FROM NEI MONGOL, CHINA

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古脊椎动物学报 1988年第1期 45-49页

作者： Wang Banyue Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Academia Sinica

IntroductionA pair of rodent lower jaws believed belonging to one and the same individual were collected by the present author from Upper Oligocene Yikebulage Formation in Qianlishan district,Ih Ju League(=Yih Ju Meng),Nei Mongol,in 1978 The affinity searching of the lower jaws has really been a brain-racking one. At first glance I was struck by the similarity between

关键词： Nei Mongol Upper Oligocene middle miocene Ctenodactyloidea Distylomyidae

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