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教派主义与中东政治

宗教 2013年第5期 33-43页

作者：王宇洁

伊斯兰教派的产生与不同人群在伊斯兰社会政治发展中的不同权力主张有着密切关系，其本身也对政治发展产生着重要影响。进入现代社会之后，特别是1979年伊朗伊斯兰革命之后，教派主义的影响日益彰显。近年西亚北非的政治变局中，教派主... 详细信息

伊斯兰教派的产生与不同人群在伊斯兰社会政治发展中的不同权力主张有着密切关系，其本身也对政治发展产生着重要影响。进入现代社会之后，特别是1979年伊朗伊斯兰革命之后，教派主义的影响日益彰显。近年西亚北非的政治变局中，教派主义的概念更是被频频使用。本文通过对近年中东政治中教派主义因素进行系统分析，指出宗教既非中东地区安全问题的主要根源，也非治愈此问题的灵丹妙药。如把教派差异视为目前中东政治变局产生的主因，不仅不利于冲突的解决，反而会使所谓“逊尼派和什叶派的千年之争”成为真正的自我实现的预言。

关键词：教派主义逊尼派什叶派中东政治 Sectarianism Sunni Shi'a middle east politics

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与美国共处:中国中东政策的新挑战

Contemporary International Relations 2023年第1期33卷 26-50页

作者：牛新春 the Institute of middle east Studies China Institutes of Contemporary International Relations

Since the end of the Cold War,China and the United States have expanded their presence in the middle east along parallel tracks,with China maintaining a basic attitude characterized by noncooperation,nonsupport,and nonconfrontation toward the United *** years,however,have witnessed an increasingly apparent strategic confrontation between the two at the global *** conflicts have remained limited to the middle layer,due to the relatively adequate amount of strategic space that exists there,but have been growing increasingly tense structurally and *** deteriorating environments at both the top and the bottom layers have exerted pressures that squeeze the core in the *** a result,the status quo relationship between the two countries is unsustainable,and their coexistence in the middle east will enter a new *** the short term,the two countries may undergo a period of transition,based on their strategic choices,in the middle *** the current context in which the Indo-Pacific region and Europe have become involved in the global rivalry between China and the United States,the direction where the middle east may be heading could shed light on the future of Latin America and Africa as well.

关键词： China-US relations middle east politics major-country competition

Commentary on“Islamic State”Thoughts of Islamism

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Asian Journal of middle eastern and Islamic Studies 2013年第3期7卷 22-42,I0002页

作者： LIU Zhongmin middle east Studies Institute Shanghai International Studies University

In the theories of modern Islamism,the terminology of“Islamic state”has special political meanings that include:objecting to modern nation state based on national sovereignty,reestablishing the Islamic state which carries out Islamic law and Allah’s *** article probes the theories of modern Islamism thorough analyzing the thoughts of Islamism theorists,such as Muhammad Rashid Rida,Maududi,Hassan al-Banna,Sayyid Qutb,Khomeini,and Husan *** common characteristics of their theories on the“Islamic state”include:they objected to national identity and advocated religious identity;they refused the secular national sovereignty and advocated Allah’s sovereignty;they opposed the separation of politics and religion and claimed to establish the Islamic state;they rejected tyranny and despotism and advocated Islamic democracy based on the principle of“consultation”.

关键词： Islamism Islamic State:Islamic Thoughts middle east politics

Comparative Constitutionalism: Challenges of Constitutional Sovereignty in Iran and Iraq

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Asian Journal of middle eastern and Islamic Studies 2019年第1期13卷 123-141,I0009页

作者： Vahid Nick Pay Diplomatic Studies Programme and Kellogg College Oxford UniversityOxfordUK

Constitutionalism has more than a century of history in the Muslim *** recently,Iran and Iraq,two countries with populations comprised of Shi’a majorities with a strong presence in the layout of political power,appear to have embarked on divergent routes with regard to the formal blueprints of public *** as this research demonstrates,due to an absence of robust institutional arrangements and lack of efficient mechanisms of revision and entrenchment,comparable outcomes can be observed in the form of political systems that have consistently failed to uphold various elements of popular sovereignty,which the constitutions themselves claim to be *** study aims at providing a closer examination of important elements of popular constitutional sovereignty by examining key normative,institutional and procedural settings in both contexts to evaluate critically the constitutional arrangements in two prominent republican settings in the Muslim *** author will argue that in both cases certain highlighted fundamental shortfalls could lead one to regard both texts as“sham constitutions”.This study draws upon theoretical principles of comparative constitutional analysis.

关键词： Constitutional sovereignty Iran Iraq Islamic Constitutionalism middle east politics Shia’a politics

The Upheaval in the middle east and China’s middle east Policy

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Asian Journal of middle eastern and Islamic Studies 2012年第3期6卷 1-27,I0001页

作者： YAO Kuangyi Ministry of Foreign Affairs People’s Republic of China

Due to more than one-year’s upheaval,many middle eastern countries experienced regime change,and Syria is the next target and center of this political *** rise of Islamic force is a serious problem for these countries in transition to deal *** of this upheaval,the middle eastern configuration is facing challenges;the contradiction within regional powers is experiencing growth and *** adjustment of America’s middle east policy has affected the trend of middle east ***’s“non-interference in others’internal affairs”principle gains international society’s interpretation,and China’s diplomacy towards the middle east is facing important opportunity and enormous *** should seize the opportunity and seek the new development of China-middle east relations.

关键词： middle east Upheaval Islamic Force Adjustment of America’s Strategy China’s Diplomacy middle east politics

Key Issues in China-Iran Relations

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Asian Journal of middle eastern and Islamic Studies 2010年第1期4卷 40-57,I0003页

作者： LIU Jun WU Lei Institute for International Studies Yunnan University

Wide range cooperation and close bilateral relations between China and Iran have been under huge pressure from the US-led *** main objective of this paper is to analyze what lines behind the China-Iran relations,mainly from three dimensions,i.e.,economic,nuclear and strategic *** argue that the China-Iran relations are determined by domestic situations in both countries and international strategic environment,influenced by the shift of US geopolitical strategy in recent *** should not be blamed for the failure of sanctions against Iran for its nuclear issues as she is not a so-called ally of *** Iran nuclear issues can be solved by the use of US“smart power”and collective efforts derived from international cooperation between concerned powers and geopolitical players.

关键词： China Iran US middle east politics

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回归"常轨":中东政治的历史性演进

Contemporary International Relations 2021年第2期31卷 62-87页

作者：牛新春 CICIR’s Institute of middle east Studies

The strategic withdrawal of the U.S.,the relaxation of strained relations between Israel and Arab countries,the waning of Political Islam,and the faltering foundation of the oil economy have contributed to the historical transition in middle east *** great powers,as well as middle eastern countries,have been shifting alliances in light of different *** a concurrence of well-matched protagonists in middle east politics and such a complicated divergence among camps have never occurred *** of order,ideologies,and resources have coexisted and *** eastern countries have been witnessing major changes unfolding globally,regionally,and domestically,which may usher in an era of chaos,change,or *** with previous changes,the pending transition will reside to a larger extent in the hands of middle eastern countries and their people.

关键词： middle east politics major-country relations Arab-Israeli relations

On the Great Power Intervention in the middle east Upheaval and Political Trend in the middle east

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Asian Journal of middle eastern and Islamic Studies 2013年第2期7卷 1-34页

作者： LIU Yueqin Institute of West Asian and African Studies Chinese Academy of Social Sciences

During the political upheaval in the middle east in 2011,the Western countries adopted a policy focusing on both military intervention and the so-called“humanitarian interference”in the middle east ***,the US and other Western powers distorted the“legitimacy”authorized by the UN and took military means to impose regime change in Libya,seriously disrupting the order of international *** intervention efforts in this have far exceeded the ones before the Cold *** the Intervention,they tried to secure legalization of their intervention,to take collective intervention,as well as nurture and support the country’s opposition parties to cause the“civil war”approach as the model of *** intervention has been blatant,fraudulent,hidden,and *** the development trend,because of the importance of the geopolitical position and strategic energy position of the middle east and North Africa,as well as Western powers’pursuit of global geopolitical interests,the Western powers’intervention in the middle east and North Africa will *** countries will still be faced with the historical responsibility to oppose power *** self-development and ability to maintain their own security will continue to face serious challenges.

关键词： Forms of Intervention Military Intervention Humanitarian Intervention middle east politics

Digital Communication and the Pro-Democracy Movement in the Arab World: Role, Significance and Outcomes

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Asian Journal of middle eastern and Islamic Studies 2011年第4期5卷 28-47页

作者： Majed KHADER Marshall University in Huntington West Virginia

After decades of living under oppressive dictatorships,the people of the Arab world are rising up against their countries’*** over nine months now,we have been witnessing massive,large scale,and peaceful demonstrations spreading all over the Arab middle eastern *** mass civic demonstrations have been given many names,including the Arab Spring,Arab uprising,turmoil,tumult,chaos,Arab awakening,Arab revolution,revolt,*** is a reform movement on the march that was first started in Tunisia,which moved to Egypt,and then swept across the region to include Yemen,Bahrain,Libya and *** in the rest of the Arab world such as Algeria,Jordan,Kuwait,Morocco and Saudi Arabia,were also inspired by the revolts and calls for reform which had been sweeping the Arab *** and human rights groups from these countries congregate frequently at popular places and landmarks to protest against their regimes and call for political,economical and social reforms.

关键词： Digital Communication Arab Revolution middle east Upheaval middle east politics Arab Turmoil