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The microgravity enhanced polymer-mediated siRNA gene silence by improving cellular uptake

Biophysics Reports 2020年第6期6卷 266-277页

作者： Tongren Yang Chanchan Yu Changrong Wang Chunhui Li Mengjie Zhang Xiaofan Luo Yuhua Weng Anjie Dong Xiaoqiong Li Yulin Deng Yuanyu Huang School of Life Science Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary ScienceInstitute of Engineering MedicineKey Laboratory of Molecular Medicine and BiotherapyBeijing Institute of Technology Department of Polymer Science and Technology School of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyKey Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering of the Ministry of EducationTianjin University School of Pharmacy Hunan University of Chinese Medicine

microgravity(MG) effect is a weightlessness phenomenon caused by the distance from the ground or low gravity of other planets outside the earth”s atmosphere. The various effects of MG have been corroborated in human and animal studies and modeled in cell-based analogs. However, the impact of MG on siRNA performance remains to be elucidated, which is crucial for aerospace medicine. In this study, we prepared nucleic acid nanomicelles(EAASc/siRNA) by using tri-block copolymer of PEG45-PAMA40-P(C7 A36-DBA37)(EAASc) and siRNA and explored its working mechanism under simulated microgravity(SMG) condition generated by a random positioning machine(RPM). The binding ability of EAASc to siRNA and silence activity were firstly confirmed in normal gravity(NG) *** of PLK1 mRNA expression revealed that gene inhibition efficiencies were increased by28.7%(HepG2) and 28.9%(A549) under SMG condition, compared with those under NG condition. In addition, mechanism exploration indicated that morphology and migration capability of cancer cells were significantly changed, the internalization of EAASc/siRNA by cells was magnified when the cells were incubated with RPM. No significant difference was observed regarding the expression profiles of genes involved in RNA interference(RNAi) pathway, including Ago2, Dicer, TRBP, and so on. Taken together, siRNA activity was elevated under SMG condition owning to increased cellular *** study, for the first time to our knowledge, provides valuable theory for development and application of siRNA therapeutic in space in the future.

关键词： microgravity siRNA Polymer PLK1 Space pharmaceutics Aerospace medicine

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BAFFLE EFFECT OF SLOSHING INDUCEDFLOWS IN RESPONSE TO AXIAL IMPULSE IN microgravity

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 1997年第1期10卷 1-8页

作者： Ru J. Hung(University of Albama in Huntsville, Huntsville, Alabama 35899, USA)Long Yintien(Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Beijing 100083, China)

Sloshing dynamics for partially filled liquid of superfluid helium Ⅱ in a rotating dewar container in resPonse to axial impulse is investigated. The study includes howrotating bubble of suPerfluid he1ium Ⅱ reacts to the impulse in microgravity, how ampli-tudes of bubble mass center fluctuate with growth and decay of disturbances, how thesedisturbances in fluid system feed back to dewar in terms of force and moment through thedynamics of sloshing waves, and hwo the differences react on the container with andwithout the baffle.

关键词： liquid sloshing fluid dynamics superfluidity microgravity feedback forces

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INVESTIGATION INTO THIN FILMS UNDER microgravity——in memory of ***

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 1992年第2期 97-103页

作者：李玉光卢·卡洛特鲁托 microgravity Advanced Research and Support(MARS)Center Via Diocleziano 328 80125 Napoli Italy

Thin films are interesting for practical as well as for theoretical *** fluid science and mate-rials science in space have been developing rapidly in recent years,investigation into thin films undermicrogravity conditions grants this classical topic new research ideas and new application *** pa-per first gives an overview about the investigation into thin liquid films and its solidification in the *** a discussion leads to microgravity in relevance to thin film research;specially,the influence of gravity onthe thin film *** results from our research program are then ***,the authors triedto point out several possible directions in the research on thin films under microgravity in the nearfuture.

关键词： thin films microgravity

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MICROSTRUCTURAL FEATURE OF Al-In MONOTECTIC ALLOY PROCESSED UNDER microgravity

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 1991年第3期4卷 168-171页

作者： HUANG Zheng Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,Beijing,ChinaZHAO Deqian CHEN Xichen Institute of Physics,Academia Sinica,Beijing,China

The microstructural feature of Al-In monotectic alloy processed under microgravity has been investigated It was found that in the sample cooled in space,there are a lot of In particles in A! dendrite,but no particle has been observed in the sample cooled on the ***, the In particles distribute with regularity and the A1 dendrite has an obvious boundary layer marked by a string of ***,the distinction between them may reflect the character- istics of the solid/liquid interface during solidification under different gravity conditions.

关键词： microgravity monotectic alloy microstructure solidification

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One-dimensional atom laser in microgravity

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Chinese Physics B 2021年第11期30卷 223-227页

作者：秦毅沈晓阳夏林 Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Institute of PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory Dongguan 523808China

Using coupled Gross–Pitaevksii(GP)equations,we simulate the output of one-dimensional pulsed atom laser in space *** get two atom laser pulses propagating in opposite directions with one pulsed RF *** with atom laser under gravity,the laser pulse in microgravity shows much slower moving speed,which is suitable to be used for long-term *** also simulate the output flux at different coupling strengths.

关键词： microgravity atom laser Bose-Einstein condensation

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Simulated biological effects of microgravity on phospholipid and energy metabolism of chicken embryonic brain cells studied by ^(31)P-NMR spectroscopy

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2000年第4期43卷 355-360页

作者：孙彤沈宏略王彦张锦珠 Institute of Biophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100101 China

Levels of phosphomonoester (PME), phosphodiester (PDE), ATP and pH in brain cells of chicken embryos rotated for 24 h in a clinostat during the period of hatching the 13th day (E13) and 15th day (E15) embryos were investigated by using 31P-NMR spectroscopy. Significant increases in the values of PME, ATP and pH were identified after E13 rotating for 24 h. With the same treatment, differences were obtained in the phospholipid and energy metabolism of E15, but no significant levels have been reached . The calorimetric assay (malachite green method) was used for measuring the activity of total ATPase. A dramatic decrease was evident in the activity of ATPase in brain cells of rotated E13 and E15. The former is more sensitive than the latter. All the levels mentioned above could restore in 24 h after the rotation stopped, except that the level of ATP was still higher than the control.

关键词： microgravity biological effects phospholipid metabolism ATP ATPase brain cells.

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Principles, Anatomical Origin and Applications of Brainwaves: A Review, Our Experience and Hypothesis Related to microgravity and the Question on Soul

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Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering 2014年第8期7卷 435-445页

作者： Zamzuri Idris Mustapha Muzaimi Rahman Izaini Ghani Badrisyah Idris Regunath Kandasamy Jafri M. Abdullah Center for Neuroscience Service and Research Universiti Sains Malaysia Kubang Kerian Malaysia

Brainwave is a kind of traceable neurophysiological energy in a living brain. Invisible to human eyes, it is only detectable using electroencephalography (EEG), electrocorticography (ECoG) and magnetoencephalography (MEG). The waves or oscillations or rhythms are produced mainly by the oscillatory networks of the brain. Three main oscillatory networks are thalamocortical, extrathalamic-cortical and cortical-cortical networks. Greater limbic system (reticular system, hypothalamus, thalamus, basal forebrain nuclei, limbic system) has a great influence on these oscillatory networks. This system which is in microgravity position lies deep inside and surrounded by the ventricles of the brain. It receives all information from inside and outside of our body and then projects to all areas of the brain (from all to one and from one to all—nearly similar concept to “from God back to God”). Therefore, the greater limbic system could be regarded as “a core of the neuroaxis” which lies in microgravity compartment and in microgravity position (“T”-shape or curving shape;whilst gravity position is “I”-shape or vertical shape). By knowing the origin of the brainwaves and methods to detect them, one may study seizure networks, normal and abnormal brain networks and arguably, even to explore the relationship between the “invisibles”: “invisible” brainwaves and “invisible” soul.

关键词： Brainwaves Electroencephalography Electrocorticography Magnetoencephalography Reticular System microgravity Epilepsy Brain Networks Soul

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A pressure-sensitive rheological origin of high friction angles of granular matter observed in NASA–MGM project

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第6期33卷 559-567页

作者：程晓辉肖世泽杨森赵乃峰 Alex Sixie Cao Department of Civil Engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China College of Transportation Engineering Nanjing Tech UniversityNanjing 211816China Institute of Structural Engineering ETH ZurichZurich 8092Switzerland

An abnormally high peak friction angle of Ottawa sand was observed in(National Aeronautics and Space Administration) NASA–(Mechanics of Granular Materials) MGM tests in microgravity conditions on the space shuttle. Previous investigations have been unsuccessful in providing a constitutive insight into this behavior of granular materials under extremely low effective stress conditions. Here, a recently proposed unified constitutive model for transient rheological behavior of sand and other granular materials is adopted for the analytical assessment of high peak friction angles. For the first time, this long-eluded behavior of sand is attributed to a hidden rheological transition mechanism, that is not only rate-sensitive, but also pressure-sensitive. The NASA–MGM microgravity conditions show that shear-tests of sand can be performed under abnormally low confining stress conditions. The pressure-sensitive behavior of granular shearing that is previously ignored is studied based on the μ(I) rheology and its variations. Comparisons between the model and the NASA microgravity tests demonstrate a high degree of agreement. The research is highly valid for pressure-sensitive and rate-dependent problems that occur during earthquakes, landslides, and space exploration.

关键词： granular matter microgravity pressure-sensitive NASA–MGM

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Structural study on hen egg-white lysozyme crystals grown in gravity and microgravity

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Science China(Life Sciences) 1998年第3期41卷 238-244页

作者：董君王耀萍韩青毕汝昌 Institute of Biophysics Chinese Academy of Sciences 100101 Beijing China

microgravity in space offers an ideal environment for growing protein crystals, where there is an absence of density driven convection and sedimentation. Using domestic apparatus of protein crystallization, two space experiments of protein crystal growth have been carried out on the Chinese re entry satellite, and good quality hen egg white lysozyme crystals were obtained. To study the effect of microgravity on the protein crystal structure, three structures of lysozyme crystals grown in gravity and microgravity were determined at high resolution.

关键词： microgravity lysozyme crystal structure refinement.

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Two-dimensional investigation of forced bubble oscillation under microgravity

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2003年第12期 9-14页

作者： HONG Ruoyu 1 and Masahiro KAWAJI 2(1. Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China 2. Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto ON M5S 3E5, Canada) Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Soochow University Suzhou 215006 China Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry University of Toronto Toronto ON M5S 3E5 Canada

Recent referential studies of fluid interfaces subjected to small vibration under microgravity conditions are reviewed. An experimental investigation was carried out aboard the American Space Shuttle Discovery . Two dimensional (2 D) modeling and simulation were conducted to further understand the experimental results. The oscillation of a bubble in fluid under surface tension is governed by the incompressible Navier Stokes equations. The SIMPLEC algorithm was used to solve the partial differential equations on an Eulerian mesh in a 2 D coordinate. Free surfaces were represented with the volume of fluid (VOF) obtained by solving a kinematic equation. Surface tension was modeled via a continuous surface force (CSF) algorithm that ensures robustness and accuracy. A new surface reconstruction scheme, alternative phase integration (API) scheme, was adopted to solve the kinematic equation, and was compared with referential schemes. Numerical computations were conducted to simulate the transient behavior of an oscillating gas bubble in mineral oil under different conditions. The bubble positions and shapes under different external vibrations were obtained numerically. The computed bubble oscillation amplitudes were compared with experimental data.

关键词： Navier Stokes (N S) equations volume of fluid (VOF) microgravity bubble oscillation.

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