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Establishment of a rhesus monkey model of middle cerebral artery ischemia and reperfusion using a microcatheter embolization method

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Neural Regeneration Research 2010年第15期5卷 1161-1165页

作者： Jie Yang Jian Guo Hongbo Zheng Muke Zhou Li He Wenying Cao Li Xiao Jiachuan Duan Qiyong Gong Xiaoqi Huang Hongxia Li Li Wang Jingqiu Cheng Department of Neurology West China Hospital of Sichuan University Chengdu 610041 Sichuan Province China National Chengdu Center for Safety Evaluation of Traditional Chinese Medicine West China Hospital of Sichuan University Chengdu 610041 Sichuan Province China Huaxi MR Research Center Department of Radiology West China Hospital of Sichuan University Chengdu 610041 Sichuan Province China Laboratory of Transplant Engineering and Immunology West China Hospital of Sichuan University Chengdu 610041 Sichuan Province China

Nonhuman primates are closest to humans in terms of lineage, and middle cerebral artery ischemia/reperfusion responses of nonhuman primates are most similar to ischemic stroke in humans. Therefore, nonhuman primates could be utilized to simulate the process of ischemic stroke in the human. Few studies, however, have reported the use of endovascular technology to establish a rhesus monkey stroke model. In the present study, seven adult, male, rhesus monkeys were selected and, following anesthesia, a microcatheter was inserted into one side of the middle cerebral artery via the femoral artery to block blood flow, thereby resulting in middle cerebral artery occlusion. After 2 hours, the microcatheter was withdrawn to restore the middle cerebral artery blood flow and to establish ischemia/reperfusion. Results from angiography and magnetic resonance angiography confirmed occlusion and reopening of the middle cerebral artery. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed the existence of ischemic brain lesions, and neurological examination showed sustained functional deficits following surgery. The rhesus monkey middle cerebral artery ischemia/reperfusion models established by microcatheter embolization had the advantage of non-craniotomy invasion and reproducibility. The scope and degree of ischemic damage using this model was controllable. Therefore, this nonhuman primate model is an ideal model for cerebral ischemia and reperfusion.

关键词： ischemia reperfusion middle cerebral artery microcatheter magnetic resonance imaging rhesus monkey brain injury neural regeneration

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Three benefits of microcatheters for retrograde transvenous obliteration of gastric varices

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2012年第12期18卷 1373-1378页

作者： Tetsuo Sonomura Wataru Ono Morio Sato Shinya Sahara Kouhei Nakata Hiroki Sanda Nobuyuki Kawai Hiroki Minamiguchi Motoki Nakai Kazushi Kishi Department of Radiology Wakayama Medical University Department of Gastroenterology Kishiwada Tokushukai Hospital

AIM： To evaluate the usefulness of the microcatheter techniques in balloon-occluded retrograde transvenous obliteration （BRTO） of gastric varices.METHODS： Fifty-six patients with gastric varices underwent BRTOs using microcatheters. A balloon catheter was inserted into gastrorenal or gastrocaval shunts. A microcatheter was navigated close to the varices, and sclerosant was injected into the varices through the microcatheter during balloon occlusion. The next morning, thrombosis of the varices was evaluated by contrast enhanced computed tomography （CE-CT）. In patients with incomplete thrombosis of the varices, a second BRTO was performed the following day. Patients were followed up with CE-CT and endoscopy.RESULTS： In all 56 patients, sclerosant was selectively injected through the microcatheter close to the varices. In 9 patients, microcoil embolization of collateral veinswas performed using a microcatheter. In 12 patients with incomplete thrombosis of the varices, additional injection of sclerosant was performed through the microcatheter that remained inserted overnight. Complete thrombosis of the varices was achieved in 51 of 56 patients, and the remaining 5 patients showed incomplete thrombosis of the varices. No recurrence of the varices was found in the successful 51 patients after a median follow up time of 10.5 too. We experienced one case of liver necrosis, and the other complications were transient.CONCLUSION： The microcatheter techniques are very effective methods for achieving a higher success rate of BRTO procedures,

关键词： Balloon-occluded retrograde transvenousobliteration Gastric varices microcatheter Portal hyper-tension Ethanolamine oleate

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