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Bentonite-humic acid improves soil organic carbon,microbial biomass,enzyme activities and grain quality in a sandy soil cropped to maize(Zea mays L.) in a semi-arid region

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2022年第1期21卷 208-221页

作者： ZHOU Lei XU Sheng-tao Carlos M.MONREAL Neil B.MCLAUGHLIN ZHAO Bao-ping LIU Jing-hui HAO Guo-cheng Cereal Industry Collaborative Innovation Center Inner Mongolia Agricultural UniversityHohhot 010019P.R.China College of Agronomy Inner Mongolia University for The NationalitiesTongliao 028000P.R.China Ottawa Research and Development Centre Agriculture and Agri-Food CanadaOttawaON K1A 0C6Canada Agricultural Environment and Resources Institute Yunnan Academy of Agricultural SciencesKunming 650205P.R.China Inner Mongolia Trirock Co. Ltd.Naiman BannerTongliao 028300P.R.China

A bentonite-humic acid(B-HA) mixture added to degraded soils may improve soil physical and hydraulic properties, due to effects such as improved soil structure and increased water and nutrient retention, but its effect on soil physicochemical and biological properties, and grain quality is largely unknown. The effect of B-HA, added at 30 Mg ha^(-1), was studied at 1,3, 5 and 7 years after its addition to a degraded sandy soil in a semi-arid region of China. The addition of B-HA significantly increased water-filled pore space and soil organic carbon, especially at 3 to 5 years after its soil addition to the soil. Amending the sandy soil with B-HA also increased the content of microbial biomass(MB)-carbon,-nitrogen and-phosphorus, and the activities of urease, invertase, catalase and alkaline phosphatase. The significant effect of maize(Zea mays L.) growth stage on soil MB and enzyme activities accounted for 58 and 84% of their total variation, respectively. In comparison, B-HA accounted for 8% of the total variability for each of the same two variables. B-HA significantly enhanced soil properties and the uptake of N and P by maize in semi-arid areas. The use of B-HA product would be an effective management strategy to reclaim degraded sandy soils and foster sustainable agriculture production in northeast China and regions of the world with similar soils and climate.

关键词： bentonite-humic acid soil organic carbon microbial biomass enzyme activity grain quality sandy soil

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Soil and microbial C:N:P stoichiometries play vital roles in regulating P transformation in agricultural ecosystems:A review

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Pedosphere 2024年第1期34卷 44-51页

作者： Guanglei CHEN Jiahui YUAN Shenqiang WANG Yuting LIANG Dengjun WANG Yiyong ZHU Yu WANG State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Changshu National Agro-Ecosystem Observation and Research StationInstitute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China School of Life Sciences Jiangsu Normal UniversityXuzhou 221000China School of Fisheries Aquacultureand Aquatic SciencesAuburn UniversityAuburn AL 36849USA Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization College of Resources and Environmental ScienceNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China

Stoichiometry plays a crucial role in biogeochemical cycles and can modulate soil nutrient availability and functions. In agricultural ecosystems,phosphorus(P) fertilizers(organic or chemical) are often applied to achieve high crop yields. However, P is readily fixed by soil particles, leading to low P use efficiency. Therefore, understanding the role of carbon:nitrogen:P stoichiometries of soil and microorganisms in soil P transformation is of great significance for P management in agriculture. This paper provides a comprehensive review of the recent research on stoichiometry effect on soil P transformation in agricultural ecosystems. Soil microorganisms play an important role in the transformation of soil non-labile inorganic P to microbial biomass P by regulating microbial biomass stoichiometry. They also mobilize soil unavailable organic P into available P by changing ecoenzyme stoichiometry. Organic materials, such as manure and straw, play an important role in promoting the transformation of insoluble P into available P as well. Additionally, periphytic biofilms can reduce P loss from rice field ecosystems. Agricultural stoichiometries are different from those of natural ecosystems and thereby should receive more attention due to the influences of anthropogenic factors. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct further stoichiometry research on the soil biochemical mechanisms underlying P transformation in agricultural ecosystems. In conclusion, understanding stoichiometry impact on soil P transformation is crucial for P management in agricultural ecosystems.

关键词： ecoenzyme microbial biomass microbial community microorganism P availability periphytic biofilm soil P transformation

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Land use effects on the dynamics of soil C,N and microbes in the water-wind erosion crisscross region of the northern Loess Plateau,China

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Pedosphere 2024年第1期34卷 181-190页

作者： Yi WANG Chunyue LI Shunjin HU State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology Institute of Earth EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXi'an 710061China State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau Institute of Soil and Water ConservationNorthwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China School of Geography and Tourism Shaanxi Normal UniversityXi'an 710119China Department of Entomology&Plant Pathology North Carolina State UniversityRaleigh 27695USA

The water-wind erosion crisscross region of the northern Loess Plateau in China is under constant pressure from severe erosion due to its windy and dry climate and intensive human activities. Identifying sustainable land use patterns is key to maintaining ecosystem sustainability in the area. Our aim was to appraise the impacts of different land use regimes on the dynamics of soil total organic C(TOC), total N(TN), and microbes in a typical watershed in the northern Loess Plateau to identify suitable land use types that can maintain soil fertility and sustainability. A field experiment was performed in Liudaogou watershed in Shenmu City, Shaanxi Province, China, where the dynamics of soil TOC and TN, microbial biomass C and N, microbial respiration, and net N mineralization in six typical land use types, dam land, rainfed slope land, deciduous broadleaf forest, evergreen coniferous forest, shrubland, and grassland,were measured in three different growing seasons. Land use type and season significantly affected TOC, TN, and the dynamics of microbial biomass and activity. As the most anthropogenically disturbed land use pattern, dam land was an optimal land use pattern for TOC sequestration due to its higher TOC and TN, but lower microbial activity. Soil TOC, TN, and microbial properties demonstrated a decreasing trend after natural grassland was converted to shrubland,forest, and rainfed slope land. Shrubland with exotic N-fixing Korshinsk peashrub(Caragana korshinskii Kom.) can maintain TOC, TN, and microbial properties similar to those in grassland. Soil TOC, NH_(4+)^(-)N, TN, moisture, and extractable C were the principal indexes for soil microbial biomass and activity and explained 88.90% of the total variance. Thus, grassland was the optimal land use pattern in the water-wind erosion crisscross region of the northern Loess Plateau to maintain ecosystem stability and sustainability.

关键词： grassland microbial activity microbial biomass total organic C total N watershed

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Seasonal dynamics of soil microbial biomass C and N of Keteleeria fortunei var. cyclolepis forests with different ages

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Journal of Forestry Research 2020年第6期31卷 2377-2384页

作者： Yong Wang Xiongsheng Liu Fengfan Chen Ronglin Huang Xiaojun Deng Yi Jiang Guangxi Key Laboratory of Superior Trees Resource Cultivation Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Forestry Research InstituteNanning 530002People’s Republic of China

Soil microbial biomass is an important indicator to measure the dynamic changes of soil carbon pool.It is of great signifi cance to understand the dynamics of soil microbial biomass in plantation for rational management and cultivation of plantation.In order to explore the temporal dynamics and infl uencing factors of soil microbial biomass of Keteleeria fortunei var.cyclolepis at diff erent stand ages,the plantation of diff erent ages(young forest,5 years;middle-aged forest,22 years;mature forest,40 years)at the Guangxi Daguishan forest station of China were studied to examine the seasonal variation of their microbial biomass carbon(MBC)and microbial biomass nitrogen(MBN)by chloroform fumigation extraction method.It was found that among the forests of diff erent age,MBC and MBN diff ered signifi cantly in the 0–10 cm soil layer,and MBN diff ered signifi cantly in the 10–20 cm soil layer,but there was no signifi cant diff erence in MBC for the 10–20 cm soil layer or in either MBC or MBN for the 20–40 cm soil layer.With increasing maturity of the forest,MBC gradually decreased in the 0–10 cm soil layer and increased fi rstly and then decreased in the 10–20 cm and 20–40 cm soil layers,and MBN increased fi rstly and then decreased in all three soil layers.As the soil depth increased,both MBC and MBN gradually decreased for all three forests.The MBC and MBN basically had the same seasonal variation in all three soil layers of all three forests,i.e.,high in the summer and low in the winter.Correlation analysis showed that MBC was signifi cantly positively correlated with soil organic matter,total nitrogen,and soil moisture,whereas MBN was signifi cantly positively correlated with soil total nitrogen.It showed that soil moisture content was the main factor determining the variation of soil microbial biomass by Redundancy analysis.The results showed that the soil properties changed continuously as the young forest grew into the middle-aged forest,which increased soil microbial biomass and enriched the soil nutrients.How

关键词： microbial biomass Soil microbial nitrogen Soil microbial carbon Seasonal variation Artifi cial forest Keteleeria fortunei var.cyclolepis

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Effect of forest fire on soil microbial biomass and enzymatic activity in oak and pine forests of Uttarakhand Himalaya, India

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Ecological Processes 2021年第1期10卷 394-407页

作者： Devanshi Singh Priyanka Sharma Ujjwal Kumar Achlesh Daverey Kusum Arunachalam School of Environment and Natural Resources Doon UniversityDehradunUttarakhand 248012India

Background:Forest fire incidences in the Himalayan region of Uttarakhand,India are very common in summers.Pine and oak are the principal and dominant species of Himalayan subtropical forest and Himalayan temperate forest,respectively.Forest vegetation influences the physicochemical and biological properties of soil and forest fire in pine and oak forests may have a different effect on the physicochemical and biological properties of soil.Therefore,the present study was carried out to assess the impact of forest fire on soil microbial properties,enzymatic activity,and their relationship with soil physicochemical properties in the advent of forest fire in the pine and oak forests of the Garhwal region of Uttarakhand Himalaya,India.Results:The soil microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen,soil basal respiration,and acid phosphatase activity decreased,whereas dehydrogenase activity increased at burnt sites of both forest types.The overall change in soil microbial biomass carbon was 63 and 40%at the burnt oak forest and burnt pine forest,respectively.Dehydrogenase activity and acid phosphatase activity showed a strong positive correlation with soil organic matter(r=0.8)and microbial indices,respectively.The ratio of soil microbial biomass carbon/nitrogen was reduced at burnt sites of both forest types.Factor analysis results showed that fire had a significant impact on soil characteristics.The soil basal respiration was linked with macro-and micronutrients at burnt sites,whereas at control sites,it was linked with physicochemical properties of soil along with nutrients.Conclusion:Forest fire had a significant impact on soil properties of both forest types.The impact of forest fire on soil microbial biomass carbon was stronger in the oak forest than in the pine forest.Forest type influenced soil enzymatic activity at burnt sites.The bacterial community was dominated over fungi in burnt sites of both forests.Soil microbial indices can be used as a selective measure to assess the impact of fire.Furthermore,forest type plays

关键词： microbial indices Soil enzymes microbial biomass Forest fire Pine forest Oak forest

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Response of microbial biomass and bacterial community composition to fertilization in a salt marsh in China

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2017年第6期36卷 80-88页

作者： MA Yuexin TAO Wei LIU Changfa LIU Jiao YANG Zhiping LI Jin LIU Jichen Key Laboratory of Mariculture and Stock Enhancement in North China's Sea of Ministry of Agriculture Dalian Ocean UniversityDalian 116023China Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Research of Liaoning Higher Education Dalian 116023China Dalian Huixin Titanium Equipment Development Company Limited Dalian 116039China Institute of Ocean and Fisheries of Panjin Panjin 124001China

The effects of nitrogen （N） addition on microbial biomass, bacterial abundance, and community composition in sediment colonized by Suaeda heteroptera were examined by chloroform fumigation extraction method, real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis （DGGE） in a salt marsh located in Shuangtai Estuary, China. The sediment samples were collected from plots treated with different amounts of a single N fertilizer （urea supplied at 0.1, 0.2, 0.4 and 0.8 g/kg （nitrogen content in sediment） and different forms of N fertilizers （urea, （NH4）2SO4, and NH4NO3, each supplied at 0.2 g/kg （calculated by nitrogen）. The fertilizers were applied 1-4 times during the plant-growing season in May, luly, August, and September of 2013. Untreated plots were included as a control. The results showed that both the amount and form of N positively influenced microbial biomass carbon, microbial biomass nitrogen, and bacterial abundance. The DGGE profiles revealed that the bacterial community composition was also affected by the amount and form of N. Thus, our findings indicate that short-term N amendment increases microbial biomass and bacterial abundance, and alters the structure of bacterial community.

关键词： fertilization microbial biomass 16S rRNA gene abundance bacterial community salt marsh

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Impact of enclosure management on soil properties and microbial biomass in a restored semi-arid rangeland, Kenya

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Journal of Arid Land 2014年第5期6卷 561-570页

作者： Stephen M MUREITHI Ann VERDOODT Charles KK GACHENE Jesse T NJOKA Vivian O WASONGA Stefaan De NEVE Elizabeth MEYERHOFF Eric Van RANST Laboratory of Soil Science Department of Geology and Soil Science Ghent University Department of Land Resources Management and Agricultural Technology University of Nairobi Research Unit of Soil Degradation and Conservation Department of Soil Management Ghent University Rehabilitation of Arid Environments Trust

Rangeland degradation is a serious problem throughout sub-Saharan Africa and its restoration is a challenge for the management of arid and semi-arid areas. In Lake Baringo Basin of Kenya, communities and individual farmers are restoring indigenous vegetation inside enclosures in an effort to combat severe land degradation and address their livelihood problems. This study evaluated the impact of enclosure management on soil properties and microbial biomass, being key indicators of soil ecosystem health. Six reseeded communal enclosures using soil embankments as water-harvesting structures and strictly regulated access were selected, varying in age from 13 to 23 years. In six private enclosures, ranging from 3 to 17 years in age, individual farmers emulated the communal enclosure strategy and restored areas for their exclusive use. Significant decreases in bulk density, and increases in the soil organic carbon, total nitrogen and microbial biomass contents and stocks were found in the enclosures as compared with the degraded open rangeland. In the private enclosures, the impact of rehabilitation on the soil quality was variable, and soil quality was in general lower than that obtained under communal management. The significant increase of absolute stocks of carbon, nitrogen and microbial biomass compared to the degraded open rangeland indicates the potential for the restoration of soil quality through range rehabilitation. Over-sowing with indigenous legume fodder species could improve total nitrogen content in the soil and nutritional value of the pastures as well.

关键词： rangeland degradation enclosures microbial biomass rehabilitation reseeding soil quality Kenya

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Effects of biochar amendment and nitrogen fertilization on soil microbial biomass pools in an Alfisol under rain-fed rice cultivation

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Biochar 2019年第2期1卷 163-176页

作者： Segun Oladele Adebayo Adeyemo Ajoke Adegaiye Moses Awodun Department of Agronomy Adekunle Ajasin University Akungba AkokoOndo StateNigeria Department of Crop Soil and Pest ManagementFederal University of Technology AkureOndo StateNigeria

Field studies were conducted over 2 years to determine the response of soil microbial biomass pool to biochar and N fertilizer combinations in a rain-fed rice cropping system.Biochar was applied at four doses:0 t ha^(−1),3 t ha^(−1),6 t ha^(−1) and 12 t ha^(−1) in combination with N fertilizer at four rates:0 kg ha^(−1),30 kg ha^(−1),60 kg ha^(−1) and 90 kg ha^(−1) to a Typic Paleustalf Alfisol.Soil samples from two depths(0-10 and 10-20 cm)were collected to determine microbial biomass C(MBC),N(MBN),P(MBP),MBC/N ratio,MBC/P ratio,soil CO_(2) flux,microbial qCO_(2),cultivable bacterial and fungal abundance.Biochar and N fertilizer combination effects on MBC,MBN and MBP pools were dependent on biochar doses,N fertilizer rates and soil depth.MBC/N and MBC/P ratios were decreased after 2 years.Soil CO_(2) flux was maximum at post-seeding stage of rice plant,while decreasing trends occurred at active tillering and harvest stage.Increasing doses of biochar irrespective of its combination with N fertilizer rates decreased CO_(2) flux and microbial qCO_(2).Combinations of biochar and N fertilizer increased fungal/bacterial ratio and induced a shift to a more fungal-dominated population after 2 years.Our results sug-gest that combination of biochar doses(3-12 t ha^(−1))with N fertilizer rates had stimulatory effects on microbial biomass pools and activity with positive implications for organic carbon accumulation,nitrogen(N)and phosphorus(P)retention in tropical soils.

关键词： Biochar Nitrogen fertilizer microbial biomass Metabolic quotient Fungal/bacteria ratio

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Seasonal changes in soil properties,microbial biomass and enzyme activities across the soil profile in two alpine ecosystems

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Soil Ecology Letters 2021年第4期3卷 383-394页

作者： Ying Chen Mengguang Han Xia Yuan Guangmin Cao Biao Zhu Institute of Ecology College of Urban and Environmental Sciencesand Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of EducationPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota Northwest Institute of Plateau BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesXining 810008China

microbial biomass and extracellular enzyme activities control the rate of soil organic carbon decomposition,thereby affecting soil carbon pool.However,seasonal dynamics of soil microbial properties at different depths of the soil profile remain unclear.In this study,we sampled soils in the early,middle and late growing season at different soil depths(0–100 cm)in two alpine ecosystems(meadow and shrubland)on the Tibetan Plateau.We measured plant belowground biomass,soil properties,microbial biomass and extracellular enzyme activities.We found that soil properties changed significantly with sampling time and soil depth.Specifically,most of soil properties consistently decreased with increasing soil depth,but inconsistently varied with sampling time.Moreover,root biomass and microbial biomass decreased with increasing soil depth and increased with sampling time during the growing season.However,microbial extracellular enzyme activities and their vector properties all changed with depth,but did not vary significantly with time.Taken together,these results show that soil properties,microbial biomass and extracellular enzyme activities mostly decline with increasing depth of the soil profile,and soil properties and microbial biomass are generally more variable during the growing season than extracellular enzyme activities across the soil profile in these alpine ecosystems.Further studies are needed to investigate the changes in soil microbial community composition and function at different soil depths over the growing season,which can enhance our mechanistic understanding of whole-profile soil carbon dynamics of alpine ecosystems under climate change.

关键词： Seasonal variation Soil depth microbial biomass Extracellular enzyme activity Alpine ecosystem

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Soil microbial biomass and community responses to experimental precipitation change:A meta-analysis

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Soil Ecology Letters 2020年第2期2卷 93-103页

作者： Shan Xu Weixin Geng Emma JSayer Guoyi Zhou Ping Zhou Chengshuai Liu Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management Guangdong Institute of Eco-environmental Science&TechnologyGuangzhou 510650China Guangzhou Institute of Geography Chinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510070China Lancaster Environment Centre Lancaster UniversityLancasterLA14YQUK Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute Apartado 0843-03092BalboaAnconPanama Institute of Ecology Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing 210044China State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry Institute of GeochemistryChinese Academy of SciencesGuiyang 550081China

The activity of soil microbes is strongly constrained by water availability.However,it is unclear how microbial activity responds to spatial and temporal changes in precipitation,particularly to long-term precipitation changes.To identify the spatiotemporal patterns of microbial responses to precipitation changes of differing durations,we conducted a meta-analysis of data from 95 field studies with drought treatments and 109 field studies with elevated precipitation treatments.Our results indicated that microbial biomass carbon(MBC)decreased by 17% under drought and increased by 18% under elevated precipitation.Across all studies,the phospholipid fatty acid(PLFA)biomarkers for fungi and bacteria decreased significantly under drought but increased under elevated precipitation.In addition,the negative effect of drought on MBC tended to be greater at sites with a high aridity index,but the effect of elevated precipitation on MBC did not differ among sites.More importantly,the responses of MBC,fungal and bacterial PLFA abundance did not vary with treatment duration under drought,but under elevated precipitation,they increased in the first five years of treatment and declined thereafter.These results are important for our prediction of microbial responses to long-term precipitation change,because they imply that microbes acclimate to long-term elevated precipitation.

关键词： Drought Precipitation change microbial biomass microbial community Treatment duration

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