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Multiple metal sources in polymetallic W-Sn ore deposits revealed by mercury stable isotopes

Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第11期67卷 3465-3475页

作者： Zhendong TIAN Bernd LEHMANN Changzhou DENG Xingchun ZHANG Anbo LUO Yinghua CHEN Runsheng YIN State Key Laboratory of Ore Deposit Geochemistry Institute of GeochemistryChinese Academy of SciencesGuiyang 550081China Mineral Resources Technical University of ClausthalClausthal-Zellerfeld 38678Germany Faculty of Land Resource Engineering Kunming University of Science and TechnologyKunming 650093China

Granite-related W-Sn ore systems are commonly associated with coeval Pb-Zn mineralization. It remains unclear whether these metals are derived from the same sources or not. Mercury(Hg) is a common minor component in such systems. Hg isotopes undergo unique mass-independent fractionation(expressed as Δ^(199)Hg values), which is mainly generated during Hg photochemical reactions on Earth's surface and not affected by magmatic-hydrothermal processes, offering an excellent opportunity to trace metal sources in hydrothermal systems. We observed near-zero Δ^(199)Hg values in wolframite(-0.10‰ to0.08‰, n=11), and in skarn-(-0.17‰ to 0.12‰, n=48) and greisen-type(-0.12‰ to 0.10‰, n=11) bulk tin-tungsten ore from eight major ore deposits in South China. These values are identical to those of coeval highly evolved granites(-0.13‰ to 0.12‰,n=49), supporting that Hg in W-Sn ores were sourced from granite. However, sulfides(e.g., pyrite, chalcopyrite, arsenopyrite,galena, and sphalerite) in these deposits exhibit negative to near-zero Δ^(199)Hg values(-0.42‰ to 0.09‰, n=124), which indicates a contribution of Hg and by inference other metals from both Precambrian basement rocks(Δ^(199)Hgsources of metals were involved in the formation of the polymetallic W-Sn deposits, and further highlights that extraction of metals from basement rocks may be a critical control on the formation of economically important mineralization of base metal sulfides(e.g., Pb, Zn) in granite-related magmatic-hydrothermal systems.

关键词： Tin-tungsten deposit Mercury isotope metal source metal zonation South China

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Geology,Mineralogy,and Isotopic Characteristics of the Zhonghe Ag-Pb-Zn Deposit,Western Henan Province,Central China

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Journal of Earth Science 2022年第1期33卷 177-192页

作者： Jiannan Xu Changqian Ma Shuo Yin Yunzhen Chang Huimin Jia Zhongjie Wang Liangliang Shi State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources School of Earth SciencesChina University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Resources and Environment East China University of TechnologyNanchang 330013China No.1 Institute of Geological and Mineral Resources Survey Henan Bureau of Geo-Exploration&Mineral DevelopmentLuoyang 471000China

Located in Luoning County,western Henan Province,Central China,the Zhonghe Ag-Pb-Zn ore field,is a newly discovered deposit in the Xiaoshan *** bodies controlled by NNW Faults occur as veins within the Paleoproterozoic Xiong’er Group or the Early Cretaceous porphyritic *** that the Zhonghe deposit has been covered by thick Quaternary sediments,the paragenetic mineral assemblage was determined mainly by microscopic observations,including the quartzsiderite-pyrite alteration (StageⅠ),polymetallic sulfide precipitation (StageⅡ),silver mineralization(Stage Ⅲ),and quartz-carbonate stage (StageⅣ).The host minerals for silver are diverse,such as freibergite,pyrargyrite,polybasite,argyrodite,canfieldite,argentite,and native silver,whereas those for Pb and Zn are galena and sphalerite,*** order to constrain the ore-forming components of the Zhonghe deposit,a combined in-situ analysis was conducted on represented sulfides from StageⅡand Stage Ⅲ.In-situ δ^(34)S values of the analyzed sulfides,including the pyrite,chalcopyrite,sphalerite,and galena,display a relatively narrow range (0.90‰-5.0‰),which is close to magmatic sulfur *** ^(206)Pb/^(204)Pb and^(207)Pb/^(204)Pb ratios show a narrow range (17.140-17.360 and 15.385-15.490),whereas the ^(208)Pb/^(204)Pb ratios exhibit a broad variation (36.601-37.943),indicating a contamination of the Xiong’er *** of geochronological and geochemical data from the Xiaoshan District,we contend that the ore-forming materials of the Zhonghe Ag-Pb-Zn deposit are originated from the lower crust,which has presumably been influenced by the large-scale lithospheric delamination of the eastern North China Craton during the Early *** consideration of the geological setting,mineralogy,and geochemical compositions,we suggest that the Zhonghe Ag-Pb-Zn deposit is characterized as intermediate sulfidation type epithermal deposit,and may be a potential exploration target for porphyry Mo-Cu deposi

关键词： S-Pb isotopes Ag-Pb-Zn deposit metal source isotopes ore deposit geology

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