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Drought stress,mercuric chloride,andβ-mercaptoethanol effects on hydraulic characteristics of three cultivars of wolfberry(Lycium chinense)

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Journal of Forestry Research 2021年第1期32卷 233-240页

作者： Shengrong Xu Ruili Ma Enhe Zhang Yuan Chen Qi Wang Qinglin Liu Agronomy College Gansu Agricultural UniversityLanzhou 730070People’s Republic of China Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Biological Resources Xining 810008People’s Republic of China Dingxi Academy of Agricultural Science Dingxi 743000People’s Republic of China

In order to further understand the effects of drought stress on hydraulic characteristics and the relationship between hydraulic conductivity and aquaporins or water channels of root systems of three wolfberry cultivars(Lycium chinense Mill.),hydraulic conductivity of 2-yearold pot-grown seedlings was measured under drought stress,rewatering,and treatment with exogenous mercuric chloride andβ-*** moderate and severe drought stress levels,the most significant decrease of hydraulic conductivity was 37.3%and 24.0%,respectively,in the‘Ningqi 5’cultivar compared with the nonstressed *** rewatering,the rate of recovery in specific conductivity was most rapid in the‘Mengqi 1’cultivar,at 0.058 and 0.072 kg MPa^-1 m^-2 s^-1 h^-1 under moderate and severe drought stress levels,***‘Mengqi 1’cultivar had the highest recovery degree of hydraulic conductivity under two concentrations ofβ-ME(500 or 1000 lmol L^-1),reaching 82.4%and 88.5%,respectively,of the initial *** adaptive capacity of hydraulic conductivity in the‘Ningqi 5’cultivar was weaker than in the‘Ningqi 1’and‘Mengqi 1’cultivars under drought *** recovery capacity of hydraulic conductivity in‘Mengqi 1’cultivar was stronger than the‘Ningqi 1’and‘Ningqi 5’cultivars after *** of the‘Ningqi 1’cultivar root systems had the highest binding affinity with mercuric chloride,which was the most likely cause in the decrease in hydraulic conductivity,whereas aquaporins of‘Mengqi 1’root systems had the weakest binding *** inhibitory effect of mercuric chloride was readily eliminated byβ-mercaptoethanol in the‘Mengqi 1’*** hydraulic characteristics of this cultivar were more sensitive to drought,mercuric chloride andβ-mercaptoethanol than the other cultivars.

关键词： β-Mercaptoethanol Aquaporins Hydraulic conductivity mercuric chloride Wolfberry(Lycium chinense)

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Effect of mercuric chloride on membrane-bound enzymes in rat testis

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2002年第4期4卷 309-311页

作者： V. Ramalingam V.Vimaladevi Department of Zoology Bharathidasan Govt. College for Women Pondicherry-605 003 India5 Lancelot Court #4 Salem NH 03079 USA

Aim: To study the effect of mercuric chloride on the membrane-bound enzymes. Methods: The effect of mercuric chloride at two different doses, 1 mg/kg (low dose) and 2 mg/kg (high dose), orally for 30 days, was observed on the membrane-bound enzymes in the testis of adult albino rats. Results: mercuric chloride significantly decreased the body weight and testis weight in the high dose group (Pmercuric chloride on these enzymes may affect the membrane characteristics and thereby the fertility of the animal. (Asian J Androl 2002 Dec; 4:309-311)

关键词： mercuric chloride testis alkaline phosphatase 5'nucleotidase γ-glutamyl transferase adenosine triphosphatase

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The Protective Role of Procyanidins and Lycopene Against mercuric chloride Renal Damage in Rats

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2011年第5期24卷 550-559页

作者： YANG HaiBo XU ZhaoFa LIU Wei DENG Yu XU Bin Department of Environmental Health School of Public Health China Medical University Shenyang 110001 Liaoning China

Objective This study aims to investigate the protection of procyanidins and lycopene from the renal damage induced by mercuric *** Rats were treated with either procyanidins or lycopene 2h before HgCl 2 subcutaneously injection,once daily treatment for 2 successive *** In comparison with HgCl 2 group,markers of renal function such as blood urea nitrogen in serum and urinary protein were decreased to （18.45±11.63） mmol/L and （15.93±9.36） mmol/L,（4.54±0.78） g/（g Cr） and （4.40±1.12） g/（g Cr）.N‐acetyl‐beta‐D‐glucosaminidase,lactate dehydrogenase,alkaline phosphatase in urine were depressed to （125.49±11.68） U/（g Cr）,（103.73±21.79） U/（g Cr）,（101.99±12.28） U/（g Cr）,and （113.19±23.74） U/（g Cr）,（71.14±21.80） U/（g Cr）,（73.64±21.51） U/（g Cr） in procyanidins and lycopene *** of oxidative stress,for example,Glutathion was reduced to （45.58±9.89） μmol/（g pro） and （45.33±5.90） μmol/（g pro）,and antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase,glutathione‐peroxidase were enhanced to （43.07±10.97） U/（mg pro） and （39.94±6.04） U/（mg pro）,（83.85±18.48） U/（mg pro）,and （85.62±12.68） U/（mg pro）.Malondialdehyde was lowered to （0.95±0.12）（μmol/g pro） and （1.03±0.12） μmol/（g pro） in procyanidins and lycopene *** generation was decreased by 27.63% and 16.40% and apoptosis was also decreased in procyanidins and lycopene groups *** changes were much better as *** Procyanidins and Lycopene play some protective role against mercury kidney damage.

关键词： mercuric chloride Procyanidins Lycopene Renal damage Protection

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XAFS study on interactions of metallothionein, mercuric chloride and/or sodium selenite

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Acta Geochimica 2006年第S1期 124-124页

作者： Yufeng LI1,2, Chunying CHEN1,2, Jiangxue WANG1,2, Yuxi GAO1,2, Bai LI1,2, Yuliang ZHAO1,2, Zhifang CHAI1,2 1 Key Laboratory of Nuclear Analysis Techniques, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China 2 Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100039, China

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100 years of high GEM concentration in the Central Italian Herbarium and Tropical Herbarium Studies Centre(Florence,Italy)

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2020年第1期32卷 377-388页

作者： Jacopo Cabassi Valentina Rimondi Zhang Yeqing Antonella Vacca Orlando Vaselli Antonella Buccianti Pilario Costagliola Department of Earth Sciences University of FlorenceVia G.La Pira4-50121 FlorenceItaly CNR-Institute of Geosciences and Earth Resources Via G.La Pira4-50121 FlorenceItaly

Up to 1980 s,the most used preservative for herbaria specimens was HgCl2,sublimating at ambient air conditions;ionic Hg then reduces to Hg0(gaseous elemental mercury,GEM)and diffuses throughout poor ventilated *** GEM levels may indeed persist for decades,representing a health *** this study,we present new GEM data from the Central Italian Herbarium and Tropical Herbarium Studies Centre of the University of Florence(Italy).These herbaria host one of the largest collection of plants in the ***,HgCl2 was documented as plant preservative up to the 1920 *** surveys were conducted in July 2013 and July and December 2017,to account for temporal and seasonal *** show GEM concentrations well above those of external locations,with peak levels within specimen storage cabinets,exceeding 50,000 ng/*** concentrations up to^7800 ng/m3 were observed where the most ancient collections are stored and no ventilation systems were *** the contrary,lower GEM concentrations were observed at the first ***,lower and more homogeneously distributed GEM concentrations were measured in 2017 than in 2013 since the air-conditioning system was updated in *** concentrations were similar to other herbaria worldwide and lower than Italian permissible exposure limit of 20,000 ng/m3(8-hr working day).Our results indicate that after a century from the latest HgCl2 treatment GEM concentrations are still high,i.e.,the treatment itself is almost *** conditioning and renewing is probably the less expensive and more effective method for GEM lowering.

关键词： Gaseous elemental mercury(GEM) mercuric chloride Herbaria Florence Health safety

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Improvement of the stability of Hg/AC catalysts by CsCl for the high-temperature hydrochlorination of acetylene

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2016年第6期27卷 822-826页

作者： Xiao-Long Xu Jia Zhao Chun-Shan Lu Tong-Tong Zhang Xiao-Xia Di Shan-Chuan Gu Xiao-Nian Li Institute of Industrial Catalysis of Zhejiang University of Technology State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry Synthesis Technology

Activated carbon-supported mercuric chloride（HgCl2） is used as an industrial catalyst for acetylene hydrochlorination. However, the characteristic of easy sublimation of HgCl2 leads to the deactivation o the catalyst. Here, we showed that the thermal stability of the Hg/AC catalyst can be evidently improved when Cs Cl is added into the Hg/AC catalyst. Compared with the pure Hg/AC catalyst, the sublimation rate of HgCl2 from the Hg–Cs/AC catalyst decreased significantly and the Hg–Cs/AC catalyst showed bette catalytic activity and stability in the reaction. This promoting effect is related to the existence of cesium mercuric chlorides（CsxHgyCl（x＋2y）） highlighted by XRD, HR-TEM and EDX analyses. Thus, reacting HgCl2 with alkali chlorides to form alkali-mercuric chlorides may be a key to design highly efficient and thermally stable mercuric chloride catalyst for hydrochlorination reactions.

关键词： Cesium chloride mercuric chloride Sublimation Hydrochlorination of acetylene Cesium–mercuric chlorides

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Hepatic endogenous defense potential of propolis after mercury intoxication

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Integrative Zoology 2008年第4期3卷 311-321页

作者： Monika BHADAURIA Sangeeta SHUKLA Ramesh MATHUR Om PAGRAWAL Sadhana SHRIVASTAVA Sonia JOHRI Deepmala JOSHI Varsha SINGH Deepak MITTAL Satendra Kumar NIRALA Reproductive Biology and Toxicology Laboratory Insect Physiology and Biochemistry School of Studies in ZoologyJiwaji UniversityGwaliorIndia Boston College for Professional Studies GwaliorIndia

Exposure to mercuric chloride(HgCl2;5 mg kg–1 body weight;i.p.)induced oxidative stress in mice and substantially increased lipid peroxidation(LPO)and oxidized glutathione(GSSG)levels,decreased the level of reduced glu-tathione(GSH)and various antioxidant enzymes in liver and also increased the activities of liver marker enzymes in *** with propolis extract,a resinous wax-like beehive product(200 mg kg–1 orally,after mercury administration),for 3 days inhibited LPO and the formation of GSSG and increased the level of GSH in the *** of serum transaminases,alkaline phosphatase,lactate dehydrogenase and-glutamyl transpeptidase were significantly restored after propolis *** activities of antioxidant enzymes,that is,superoxide dismutase,catalase,glutathione-S-transferase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase,were also concomitantly restored towards normal levels after propolis *** observations clearly demonstrate that propolis treatment augments antioxidant defense against mercury-induced toxicity and provide evidence that propolis has therapeutic potential as a hepatoprotective agent.

关键词： antioxidant enzymes glutathione hepatoprotection mercuric chloride propolis.

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Red onion extract(Allium cepa L.)supplementation improves redox balance in oxidatively stressed rats

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2013年第2期2卷 99-104页

作者： Nidhi Jaiswal Dileep Kumar Syed Ibrahim Rizvi Centre of Food Technology University of AllahabadAllahabad 211002India Department of Biochemistry University of AllahabadAllahabad 211002India

Onions,consumed worldwide,are a good source of dietary phytochemicals with proven antioxidant *** and quercetin are the most common and widely consumed *** present study aimed to investigate the possible protective effect of onion extract as well as flavonoids(catechin and quercetin)on rats subjected to oxidative stress by mercuric chloride(HgCl2)*** were conducted on rat erythrocytes,which are a good model system to study oxidative *** show that the oxidative stress induced by HgCl2 in Wistar rats resulted in substantially increased erythrocyte lipid peroxidation and higher activity of red cell plasma membrane redox system(PMRS)along with corresponding decrease in the intracellular reduced glutathione and antioxidant *** extract supplementation significantly(P<0.05)attenuated these adverse effects of *** supplementation resulted in a slightly higher antioxidant response compared to onion *** conclude that supplementation of these flavonoids results in normalization of erythrocyte PMRS activity which provides onion(rich in quercetin),a novel mechanism to exert its antioxidant effect against HgCl2-induced oxidative stress in rat erythrocytes in vivo.©2013 Beijing Academy of Food *** and hosting by Elsevier *** rights reserved.

关键词： Onion Catechin and quercetin mercuric chloride Oxidative stress Antioxidant activity Plasma membrane redox status(PMRS)

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Fuzheng Huayu Formula(扶正化瘀方) Prevents Rat Renal Interstitial Fibrosis Induced by HgCl2 via Antioxidative Stress and Down-regulation of Nuclear Factor-Kappa B Activity

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2017年第8期23卷 598-604页

作者： YUAN Ji-li TAO Yan-yan WANG Qing-lan SHEN Li LIU Cheng-hai Institute of Liver Diseases Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Shangha 201203 China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditiona Chinese Clinical Medicine Shanghai 201203 China E-Institute of TCM Internal Medicine Shanghai Municipa Education Commission Shanghai 201203 China

Objective：To investigate the mechanism of action of Fuzheng Huayu Formula（扶正化瘀方,FZHY）against renal interstitial fibrosis（RIF）relating to oxidative injury and nuclear factor-kappa B（NF-κB）***：Thirty-two Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 3 groups：normal group,model group and FZHY treatment *** RIF model was induced by oral administration of HgC l2 at a dose of 8 mg/kg body weight once a day for 9 ***,rats in FZHY treatment group orally took FZHY at a dose of4.0 g/kg rat weight for 9 *** content of hydroxyproline（Hyp）and collagen deposition in kidney were *** activities of superoxide dismutase（SOD）and glutathione peroxidase（GSH-Px）,the content of glutathione（GSH）and malondialdehyde（MDA）of kidney were *** expressions of inhibitor-κappa B（IκB）,phospho-IκB（p-IκB）,tumor necrosis factor-α（TNF-α）,matrix metalloproteinase-2（MMP-2）andα-smooth muscle actin（α-SMA）were analyzed by Western blot.α-SMA expression was also observed by immunofluorescent ***-2 activity was measured by gelatin ***-κB activation was determined by electrophoretic mobility shift ***：Renal interstitial fibrosis was induced by Hg Cl2,demonstrated by remarkably increased Hyp contents and excessive collagen deposition in kidney（P〈0.01）.FZHY significantly inhibited renal interstitial collagen deposition and reduced Hyp content of the Hg Cl2-treated rats（P〈0.01）.GSH content decreased obviously,and MDA content increased significantly in HgC l2-treated rats compared with that of normal rats（P〈0.01）.FZHY significantly increased GSH content and decreased MDA content in the model rats（P〈0.01）.The expressionα-SMA was increased in model rats compared with that of normal rats,FZHY significantly decreased its expression（P〈0.01）.The expressions of p-IκB and TNF-αand MMP-2,MMP-2 activity,and NF-κB activation were increased in model group compared with that in normal group（P〈0.01）,FZHY significantly decreased NF-κB activation,MMP-

关键词： Fuzheng Huayu Formula renal interstitial fibrosis mercuric chloride oxidative stress nuclearfactor-kappa B matrix metalloproteinase-2 tumor necrosis factor- α Chinese medicine

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Combined Effects of Cd and Hg on Liver and Kidney Histology and Function in Wistar Rats

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Journal of Agricultural Chemistry and Environment 2016年第4期5卷 159-169页

作者： Karima Dardouri Samir Haouem Ines Gharbi Badreddine Sriha Zohra Haouas Abdelhamid El Hani Mohamed Hammami Department of Physiology Faculty of Medicines of Monastir University of Monastir Monastir Tunisia Laboratory of Biochemistry Research Laboratory LR12 ES 05 Lab-NAFS “Nutrition-Functional Food & Vascular Health” Faculty of Medicines University of Monastir Monastir Tunisia Laboratory of Biochemistry Research Laboratory LR12 ES 05 Lab-NAFS “Nutrition-Functional Food & Vascular Health”Faculty of Medicines University of Monastir Monastir Tunisia Laboratory of Pathology University Hospital Farhat Hached Sousse Tunisia Laboratory of Histology Cytology and Genetics Faculty of Medicines of Monastir University of Monastir Monastir Tunisia

The present study was performed in order to discern the effects of combined exposure to cadmium and mercury on liver function and histopathological alterations in male adult Wistar rats. In the present investigation, cadmium (100 mg/l) and mercury (25 mg/l) were administered orally for 10 weeks separately or in combination. The rational for studying cadmium and mercury is that both of these metals are encountered frequently in the same contaminated areas. In liver, the activities of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate amino tranferase (AST) increased significantly in the cadmium (Cd) and mercury (Hg) alone or in combination (Cd + Hg) compared to the control suggesting that both cadmium and mercury cause hepatotoxicity spatially when co-administrated. We noted an increase in serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity in Cd and combined Cd + Hg treated groups while it decreased in Hg treated group. There was no statistically significant change in the level of total bilirubilin. Serum urea concentration showed a significant increase in the Cd and Hg groups compared to the control group. However an increase in serum creatinine concentration was noted only in the combined treated rats showing that renal insufficiency is more serious in the co-exposed group. Light microscopic examination indicated severe histological changes in the two organs under Cd and mercury influence. Results of the present investigation clearly showed that mercury has profound effects of hepatic handling of cadmium (synergistic effect) as shown by histological and biochemical results. Moreover, we observed a antagonist effect between these two toxic metals on kidney markers such as urea.

关键词： Cadmium chloride mercuric chloride Hepatotoxicity Kidney Damage Rat

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