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meningococcal disease, a clinical and epidemiological review

Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2017年第11期10卷 1019-1029页

作者： Rodrigo Siqueira Batista Andreia Patricia Gomes Jorge Luiz Dutra Gazineo Paulo Sergio Balbino Miguel Luiz Alberto Santana Lisa Oliveira Mauro Geller Laboratorio de Agentes Patogenicos Departamento de Medicina e Enfermagem Universidade Federal de VicosaVicosaMGBrazil Curso de Medicina Faculdade Dinamica do Vale do PirangaPonte NovaMGBrazil Hospital Universitario Clementino Fraga Filho Universidade Federal do Rio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroBrazil Curso de Medicina Centro Universitario Serra dos Orgaos (UNIFESO)TeresopolisRJBrazil School of Medicine New York University–NYUNew YorkUSA Departamento de Genetica Medica Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ)Rio de JaneiroRJBrazil

meningococcal disease is the acute infection caused by Neisseria meningitidis, which has humans as the only natural host. The disease is widespread around the globe and is known for its epidemical potential and high rates of lethality and morbidity. The highest number of cases of the disease is registered in the semi-arid regions of sub-Saharan Africa. In Brazil, it is endemic with occasional outbreaks, epidemics and sporadic cases occurring throughout the year, especially in the winter. The major epidemics of the disease occurred in Brazil in the 70's caused by serogroups A and C. Serogroups B, C and Y represent the majority of cases in Europe, the Americas and Australia. However, there has been a growing increase in serogroup W in some areas. The pathogen transmission happens for respiratory route(droplets) and clinically can lead to meningitis and sepsis(meningococcemia). The treatment is made with antimicrobial and supportive care. For successful prevention, we have some measures like vaccination, chemoprophylaxis and droplets' precautions. In this review, we have described and clarify clinical features of the disease caused by N. meningitidis regarding its relevance for healthcare professionals.

关键词： Neisseria meningitidis Bacterial infection meningococcal disease

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Chronic Meningococcemia

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Advances in Infectious diseases 2016年第3期6卷 97-101页

作者： Rita Veiga Ferraz Filipa Ceia Raquel Duro Ana Cláudia Carvalho Paulo Andrade Susana Silva António Sarmento Infectious diseases Department Instituto de Inovacao e Investigacao em Saúde (I3S) Grupo de I&D em Nefrologia e Doencas Infeciosas Instituto Nacional de Engenharia Biomédica (INEB) Centro Hospitalar de Sao Joao Porto Portugal

Neisseria meningitidis is a gram-negative diplococcus which causes invasive disease. The most frequent clinical manifestations caused by infection with this pathogen, are meningitis and fulminant septic shock. More benign forms with a subacute or chronic pattern are rare but still can evolve to meningitis and have a fatal outcome. This entity is difficult to recognize, as febrile erythema with otherwise good general condition may simulate other diseases, namely viral infections. The authors reported the cases of two healthy young adults who were misdiagnosed with a viral infection. What they really had was a meningococcemia without meningitis presenting with mild and unspecific symptoms, such as, intermittent fever and a discrete macular rash. We pretend to highlight this rare, unspecific and heterogeneous symptoms which can provoke negligence of a potentially life threatening condition.

关键词： Neisseria meningitidis meningococcal disease Chronic Meningococemia

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