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Support Epidemiology and Prognosis of Premature Rupture of membranes in Pikine National Hospital Center

Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2019年第11期9卷 1519-1526页

作者： Moussa Diallo Abdoul Aziz Diouf Hadja Maimouna Barro Daff Natty Seck Aminata Niass Youssou Toure Khalifa Fall Codou Sene Seck Alassane Diouf Departement of Obstetrics and Gynecology Pikine University Hospital Thiaroye Pikine Sénégal Cheikh Anta Diop University of Dakar Gynecological and Obsetric Clinic Public Institution Aristide-Le Dantec Health Center Dakar Senegal

Premature rupture of membranes (PROM) complicates 3% of preterm pregnancies and occurs in 60% to 80% of term pregnancies. However, its management remains largely controversial. The objective of this study was to establish the epidemiological profile, to study the management and the prognosis of Premature rupture of membranes (PROM) in our practice. Patients and methods: It was a prospective, descriptive and analytical study from May 1st 2016 to January 31st 2017 at the Pikine National Hospital Center. The target population consisted of all patients received at the hospital with premature rupture of membranes and who had given birth in the structure. The variables studied were: marital status, mode and reason for admission;risk factors;antecedents;prenatal care;the clinical and paraclinical examinations;support and immediate maternal and fetal neonatal complications. Results and comments: The mean maternal age was 27.34 years and the majority of women were aged between 18 and 39 years (94.4%). Fifty-one point three percent of patients were primiparous, large multiparous represented only 2.5%. The majority of patients (385 patients or 66.9%) had consulted in the first 12 hours following the onset of fluid flow. For 20.1% of them this flow was associated with uterine contractions. Hidden risk factors were dominated by the twin pregnancy. The blood count showed that 38.8% of patients had leukocytosis and CRP was positive in 18.3% of patients. An ampicillin-based antibiotics was established in 42.6% of cases, corticosteroid therapy in 5.2% and 1% in tocolysis. An expectation was adopted in 65.7% of cases, induction of labor in 7.3% and a cesarean section immediately in 27% of cases. In total, 65.7% of patients had vaginal delivery and 34.3% cesarean. The perinatal mortality rate was 3.6% or 22 newborns on 610. Two cases of endometritis were observed and one case of immediate postpartum hemorrhage. No maternal deaths were recorded. Conclusion: These results show that the

关键词： Premature Rupture of membranes Childbirth Stillbirth Chorioamnionitis

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Elucidation of Abnormal Potential Responses of Cation-Selective Electrodes with Solid-State membranes to Aqueous Solutions of CuCl2 and CdI2

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American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2011年第1期2卷 9-17页

作者： Yoshihiro Kudo Daisuke Todoroki Nobukazu Suzuki Naoki Horiuchi Shoichi Katsuta Yasuyuki Takeda 不详

An empirical solution to abnormal potential responses, showing peaks of emf, of commercial Cu2+- and Cd2+-selective electrodes with solid-state membranes was proposed for aqueous solutions of CuCl2 and CdI2. The two-step processes of Mn+ + Yn? (s: solid phase) MY(s) and MY(s) + 2X? X2MY2?(s) (n = 1, 2) at a test solution/electrode-interface were considered as a model. Here, Mn+, Yn?, and X? refer to a divalent or univalent cation, functional groups of electrode materials, and a halide ion (X? = Cl?, Br?, I?), respectively. By applying electrochemical potentials to these processes at n = 2, we derived an equation. Regression analyses based on the equation reproduced well the plots of emf versus log 2(*[M]t) for the Cd(II) and Cu(II) systems: *[M]t denotes a total concentration of species relevant to M2+ in a bulk of the aqueous solution. Also, we obtained log Ks(CdBr2) = 4.28 ? 0.22, log Ks(CdI2) = 6.98 ? 0.05, log Ks(CuCl2) = 3.96 ? 0.09, and log Ks(CuBr2) = 11.4 at 25?C. The magnitude in ?log Ks reflected that in the logarithmic solubility product, log {*[M2+](*[X?])2}, for bulk water, where *[M2+] or *[X?] denotes a molar concentration of the bulk solu-tion of M2+ or X? at equilibrium, respectively. Moreover, a mixture of CuSO4 with NaCl at the molar ratio of 1:1 yielded a plot similar to that of CuCl2.

关键词： Cation-Selective Electrode Solid-State membranes Potential Response Solubility Product Potentiometry

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Three-Year Outcome of Very Low Birth Weight Infants in Conservatively Managed Premature Rupture of membranes

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2015年第1期5卷 70-78页

作者： Jun Sasahara Keisuke Ishii Toshiko Kishimoto Akiko Yamashita Shusaku Hayashi Nobuaki Mitsuda Department of Maternal Fetal Medicine Osaka Medical Center and Research Institute for Maternal and Child Health Izumi Japan

Aim: To elucidate the outcome for very low birth weight infants delivered after preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM) managed conservatively, and to determine the prognostic value of perinatal factors for long-term outcome. Methods: Perinatal data were collected from medical records for singleton live-birth infants delivered between 1991 and 2008 after conservatively managed PPROM. Cases of congenital anomalies and chromosomal aberrations were excluded. Poor outcome was defined as a composite measure of death, neurological morbidity including cerebral palsy, or neurodevelopmental delay. Associations between perinatal factors and poor outcome at the corrected age of 3 were estimated using logistic regression analysis. Results: After the exclusion, 356 infants meeting the study criteria were identified, 26 cases were lost to follow-up, and 330 were eligible at 3 years. The mortality rate was 10% and the incidence of neurological morbidities was 12%. Logistic regression analysis revealed gestational age at birth [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 0.815], and five-minute Apgar scores (aOR 0.521) were independent predictors for poor outcome. Conclusion: When PPROM was managed conservatively, 22% of VLBW infants had a poor outcome at corrected age of 3 years. Early gestational age at birth and low Apgar scores were associated with poor outcome.

关键词： Preterm Rupture of membranes Conservative Treatment Neonatal Outcome

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Mitochondrial membranes Restitution Proceeds via Vesicular Import from ER and Cytosol. Counterparts’ Resemblances and Variances in Mitochondria and Golgi Pathways

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Advances in Biological Chemistry 2017年第1期7卷 1-26页

作者： Amalia Slomiany Bronislaw L. Slomiany Rutgers Biomedical and Health Sciences School of Dental Medicine Newark USA

The processes of mitochondrial restitution are controlled by nuclear genes that encode proteins synthesized in ER and cytosol and delivered as organelle- and membrane-specific transport vesicles. The analysis of the transporters recovered from inner mitochondrial space (Mitosol) revealed that the ER-synthesized mitochondria-specific transport vesicles consist of two carriers, one remaining in outer mitochondrial membrane (OMM), and the other that transfers specific membrane segments to the inner mitochondrial membrane (IMM). The ER-assembled and IMM-committed membrane segments, while first integrated into OMM, undergo intra-mitochondrial lipid modification reflected in the synthesis of cardiolipin (CL) and inversion into Mitosol with load of IMM associated cytosolic proteins. Then, the CL-bedecked vesicles are released from OMM to Mitosol and upon contact with IMM fuse with the membrane, and the release of cytosolic cargo ensues. While ER-assembled mitochondria-specific transport vesicles fuse with OMM with the aid of the cytosolic, phosphatidylglycerol (PG)-specific phospholipase A2 (PLA2), the Mitosol-contained CL-specific PLA guides vesicles fusion with IMM. The described path of translocation of the membrane segments and the cytosol synthesized proteins into the designated mitochondrial compartments sustains growth and identity of OMM, IMM, maintains protein delivery for intra-mitochondrial lipid and protein modification in Mitosol, and ensures conformity of the cytosolic proteins cargo delivered to matrix.

关键词： Mitochondrial Restitution ER Vesicular Transport Mitochondrial membranes Cardiolipin Mitosol Vesicles

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Treatment of Retained Fetal membranes: Comparison of the Postpartum Period after Routine Treatment or Routine Treatment Including an Additional Phytotherapeutic Substance in Dairy Cattle in Switzerland

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Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2015年第4期5卷 93-99页

作者： Benjamin Biner Men Bischoff Franziska Klarer Fritz Suhner Jürg Hüsler Gaby Hirsbrunner Clinica Alpina Scuol Switzerland Clinic for Ruminants Vetsuisse Faculty University of Berne Berne Switzerland Unit of Phytopharmacy Institute of Biotechnology Zürich University of Applied Sciences W&auml denswil Switzerland Rena Handels AG Hindelbank Switzerland Institute of Mathematical Statistics and Actuarial Science University of Berne Berne Switzerland

Background: The therapy of retained fetal membranes (RFM) is a controversial subject. In Switzerland, intrauterine antibiotics are routinely administered although their effect on fertility parameters is questionable. The objective of this study was to compare the post-partal period after a routine treatment of RFM in 2 groups: one group received a placebo additionally (A), whereas the other group received a phytotherapeutic substance (lime bark) (B) additionally. The routine treatment of RFM included an attempt to manually remove the fetal membranes (for a maximum of 5 min), intramuscular administration of oxytetracycline and intrauterine treatment with tetracycline. In case of an elevated rectal temperature (>39.0°C), an additional non-steroidal inflam-matory drug was allowed. Methods: Cows undergoing caesarean section, suffering from prolapse of the uterus, deep cervical or vaginal injuries, hypocalcaemia, and illnesses during the last 14 days before calving were excluded. Cows had to be more than 265 days pregnant. Only cows that were artificially inseminated after RFM were included. Group stratification was done according to the last number on the ear tag (even/uneven) with (n = 50) cows in group A and (n = 55) cows in group B. Results: The number of treatments after the initial treatment of RFM was not significantly different between groups. The median interval from calving to the first insemination was 77 days in group A compared to 82 days in group B (p = 0.72). The number of AI’s until conception was not significantly different between groups. The median number of days open was 89 days in group A compared to 96 days in group B (p = 0.57). The culling rate was not significantly different between groups. Conclusion: There was neither a difference between the groups concerning therapies within the first 50 days after RFM nor concerning the subsequent fertility variables.

关键词： Cattle Retained Fetal membranes Phytotherapy Fertility

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Kinetic of Transport of Technogenic Ecotoxicants through Model membranes

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2010年第4期1卷 410-419页

作者： Elena A. Saratovskikh Boris L. Psikha 不详

The kinetics of ecotoxicant transport through the membrane was studied. The ecotoxicants studied were pecticides widely used in agriculture: lontrel (clopyralid), sencor (metribuzin), basagran (bentazon), roundup (glyphosate), kusagard (alloxydim sodium), and sethoxydim, as well as lontrel complexes with cobalt and copper. All compounds considered penetrate through the model phosphatidylcholine liposomal membranes. The transfer rate was monitored by fluorescence quenching of ?-ATP inside the liposomes. The mathematical model for the process was proposed, and the mass transfer rates were calculated. The octanol/water partition constants were determined. All the compounds con- sidered were shown to accumulate in the fatty layer. The kinetics of their accumulation was studied, and the rates of accumulation in the nonpolar phase were calculated, which correlate with the complexation constants of the same compounds. Bioaccumulation of the toxicants is caused by the formation of complexes with the fatty phase (lipid part) of the cellular membranes. The toxicants under study transferred into the nonpolar phase with a considerable rate dur- ing the whole observation time, namely, 18 months.

关键词： Ecotoxicant Pesticides Liposomal membranes Mass Transfer Constants Lipophilicity Bioaccumulation Octanol/Water Partition (Koct/H2O)

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Electroless Plating of Palladium membranes on Porous Substrates for Hydrogen Separation and the Effects of Process Factors on Plating Rate and Efficiency: A Review

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Journal of Power and Energy Engineering 2020年第2期8卷 1-19页

作者： Abubakar Alkali Centre for Process Integration & Membrane Technology School of Engineering Robert Gordon University Aberdeen UK Department of Petroleum and Natural Gas Engineering Baze University Abuja Nigeria

The electroless plating of palladium and palladium alloy membranes is fast becoming an important and enabling technology. This is more so when juxtaposed with the rising demand for high purity hydrogen for applications particularly in proton exchange membrane fuel cells (PEMFC). The effect of process factors such as sensitization and activation during surface modification, concentration of the reducing agent, plating temperature, time, pH, additives, air aeration on plating efficiency, quality of the palladium film and deposit morphology is reviewed with the aim of identifying areas requiring further investigation. The paper also reviews how these process factors could be optimised for better plating efficiency and overall membrane quality. The concentration of the reducing agent has been identified as the limiting factor on plating efficiency albeit other process factors separately impact on the plating efficiency. Furthermore, bulk precipitation caused by concentration of the reducing agent has been identified as a major problem during electroless plating with hydrazine based plating baths. To ameliorate this problem, a multi step addition of the hydrazine reducer in separate portions has been recommended.

关键词： Electroless Plating Hydrogen Palladium membranes Plating Efficiency Process Factors

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Numerical Study of Oil/Water Separation by Ceramic membranes in the Presence of Turbulent Flow

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Advances in Chemical Engineering and Science 2012年第2期2卷 257-265页

作者： Josedite Saraiva de Souza Tássia Mota Vieira Enivaldo Santos Barbosa Acto de Lima Cunha Severino Rodrigues de Farias Neto Antonio Gilson Barbosa de Lima Department of Chemical Engineering Center of Sciences and Technology Federal University of Campina Grande (UFCG) Campina Grande Brazil Department of Mechanical Engineering Center of Sciences and Technology Federal University of Campina Grande (UFCG) Campina Grande Brazil

Disposal of produced water during petroleum extraction causes serious environmental damage, hence the need to complete the water treatment before being disposed to environment within the criteria set established by environmental agencies in the countries. Ceramics membranes have been highlighted as a good device for separating oil/water. These act as a barrier to oil in the aqueous stream, because their essential properties for filtration, such as chemical inertness, biological stability and resistance to high temperatures. The limitation of the separation process is the decay of permeate flux during operation, due to concentration polarization and fouling. In this sense, this paper aims to evaluate numerically the feasibility of the process of separating oil/water by means of ceramic membranes in the presence of a turbulent flow induced by a tangential inlet. The results of the velocity, pressure and volumetric fraction distributions for the simulations different by varying the mass flow rate inlet and different geometric characteristics of the membrane are presented and analyzed.

关键词： Ceramic membranes Separation Two-Phase Flow Numerical Simulation

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Metal Salt and Non-Electrolyte Separation by Means of Dialysis through the Composite membranes

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American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2016年第5期7卷 478-486页

作者： Elena Butyrskaya Natalia Belyakova Ludmila Nechaeva Lubov Zolotaryova Vladimir Shaposhnik Vladimir Selemenev Department of Analytical Chemistry Federal Institution for Higher Education “Voronezh State University Voronezh Russian Federation

To separate salts of metals and non-electrolytes, the approach of dialysis through the composite membranes (CMs) is proposed. CM is a combination of cation and anion exchange areas. In the composite membrane, cations and anions are transferred through the respective exchange areas simultaneously without violation of macroscopic electro-neutrality. This provides a better transfer of salts than conventional ion exchange membranes (IEMs). The dialysis of the ethylene glycol aqueous salt solutions through the CMs was investigated. We have shown that the transport of salts through the composite membranes is more intensive (unlike IEM providing no transfer of salts from weakly mineralized aqueous solutions due to the Donnan exclusion) and the ethylene glycol transfer is not very significant, that is the basis of effective separation. The possibility to use of composite membranes for metal salt and other electrolyte separation is discussed.

关键词： membranes Composite membranes Electrolytes Non-Electrolytes Separation Sodium Chloride Potassium Chloride Ethylene Glycol

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Synthesis and Characterization of Pure and Ag-TiO₂-Modified Diatomaceous Aluminosilicate Ceramic membranes for Water Remediation

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2016年第5期8卷 594-607页

作者： Emmanuel Ajenifuja John Adegbindin Ajao Samson Oluwagbemiga Alayande Mufutau Kolawole Bakare Bidini Alade Taleatu Ezekiel O. B. Ajayi Center for Energy Research and Development Obafemi Awolowo University Ile-Ife Nigeria Department of Microbiology Obafemi Awolowo University Ile-Ife Nigeria Department of Physics Obafemi Awolowo University Ile-Ife Nigeria

Mesoporous ceramic membranes were prepared from raw and modified diatomaceous earth alumi-nosilicate mineral precursors. The main modification component of the ceramic membranes was Ag-loaded TiO2 nanoparticles (STOX). Chemical and microstructural characterizations of the raw materials and the modified precursors were carried out using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy, Particle Induced X-ray Emission (PIXE-IBA), Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The precursors and membranes were prepared and subsequently subjected to a high temperature sintering treatment for physico-chemical modification and stability. Remediation functionalities of the ceramic membranes on water samples were studied using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS), Total Bacterial Count Enumeration;Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), pH, and Electroconductivity (EC). Remediation experiments showed reductions in the concentration of certain cations such as Mg2+, Mn2+, Cd2+, Ni2+ and K+ by the modified ceramic membrane samples, while increased concentrations were observed for Ca2+, Na+ and Mg2+. The antimicrobial microfiltration process showed 100% bacterial removal and 70% fungi removal in most of the samples. membranes exhibited good flux output from 5.607 L/hr·m2 (STOX-Z) to 39.245 L/hr·m2 (ZEO-T) under a pressure of 0.0196 MPa.

关键词： PIXE Ceramics Titanium Oxide Remediation membranes Anti-Microbial

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