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Carbonaceous matter in glacier at the headwaters of the Yangtze River:Concentration,sources and fractionation during the melting process

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2020年第1期32卷 389-397页

作者： Zhaofu Hu Shichang Kang Xiaobo He Fangping Yan Yulan Zhang Pengfei Chen Xiaofei Li Shaopeng Gao Chaoliu Li State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science Northwest Institute of Eco-environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China Key Laboratory of Tibetan Environment Changes and Land Surface processes Institute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China Department of Green Chemistry School of Engineering ScienceLappeenranta-Lahti University of Technology LUTSammonkatu 12FI-50130 MikkeliFinland CAS Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Key Laboratory of Aerosol Chemistry and Physics Institute of Earth EnvironmentChinese Academy qf SciencesXi'an 710000China

Carbonaceous matter has an important impact on glacial retreat in the Tibetan Plateau,further affecting the water resource ***,the related studies on carbonaceous matter are still scarce in Geladaindong(GLDD)region,the source of the Yangtze ***,the concentration,source and variations of carbonaceous matter at Ganglongjiama(GLJM)glacier in GLDD region were investigated during the melting period in 2017,which could deepen our understanding on carbonaceous matter contribution to glacier *** results showed that dissolved organic carbon(DOC)concentration of snowpit samples(283±200μg/L)was much lower than that of precipitation samples(624±361μg/L),indicating that large parts of DOC could be rapidly leached from the snowpit during the melting *** contrast,refractory black carbon(rBC)concentration measured by Single Particle Soot Photometer of snowpit samples(4.27±3.15μg/L)was much higher than that of precipitation samples(0.97±0.49μg/L).Similarly,DOC with high mass absorption cross-section measured at 365 nm value was also likely to enrich in snowpit during the melting *** addition,it was found that both r BC and DOC with high light-absorbing ability began to leach from the snowpit when melting process became ***,rBC and DOC with high light-absorbing ability exhibited similar behavior during the melting *** on relationship among DOC,rBC and K^+ in precipitation,the main source of carbonaceous matter in GLJM glacier was biomass burning during the study period.

关键词： Carbonaceous matter Major ions melting process Light absorption characteristic Tibetan Plateau

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Experimental Study on the Molten Salt at Micron Scale during the melting process

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Journal of Thermal Science 2024年第1期33卷 70-85页

作者： TIAN Ziqian LIAO Zhirong XU Chao FANG Yongzhe JIANG Kaijun YUAN Mengdi Key Laboratory of Power Station Energy Transfer Conversion and System Ministry of Education of ChinaSchool of Energy Power and Mechanical EngineeringNorth China Electric Power UniversityBeijing 102206China

The investigation of the melting behaviors of the molten salt at micron scale during the melting process is critical for explaining the solid-liquid phase transition *** this paper,a novel experimental system and analysis method were proposed to study the melting process with three heating rates in the range of1-10℃/min of the solar salt at micron *** solid-liquid boundary morphology and phase transition kinetics of molten salt particles were focused ***,the correlations between liquid fraction,temperature and time under different heating rates were *** solid-liquid boundary morphology was depicted by the visualized experimental set-up,and the instantaneous liquid volume fraction during the non-isothermal phase transition was ***,the correlation between temperature and liquid volume fraction was proposed to reveal the evolution of the solid-liquid boundary with temperature at different heating ***,the non-isothermal phase transition kinetic equation was established by introducing a constant parameter(V_(a,b)),and more kinetic parameters such as 1g V_(a,b) and-lg V_(a,b)/b were *** results showed that the exponent b is not sensitive to the heating rate with a range of 3-5 for solar salt ***,the heating rate influences the value of V_(a,b) and presents a positive ***,the non-isothermal phase transition kinetic equations at different heating rates in the range of 1-10℃/min can be quickly predicted by the proposed improved experimental test *** study could fill the research insufficiency and provide significant guidance for future research on the solid-liquid transition mechanism of molten salts at micron scale.

关键词： molten salt non-isothermal phase transition solid-liquid boundary morphology liquid volume fraction micron scale melting process

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Multiple-response optimization for melting process of aluminum melting furnace based on response surface methodology with desirability function

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Journal of Central South University 2012年第10期19卷 2875-2885页

作者：周孑民王计敏闫红杰李世轩贵广臣 School of Energy Science and Engineering Central South University Suzhou Longray Thermal Technology Co.Ltd.

To reduce the fuel consumption and emissions and also enhance the molten aluminum quality, a mathematical model with user-developed melting model and burning capacity model, were established according to the features of melting process of regenerative aluminum melting furnaces. Based on validating results by heat balance test for an aluminum melting furnace, CFD （computational fluid dynamics） technique, in association with statistical experimental design were used to optimize the melting process of the aluminum melting furnace. Four important factors influencing the melting time, such as horizontal angle between burners, height-to-radius ratio, natural gas mass flow and air preheated temperature, were identified by PLACKETT-BURMAN design. A steepest descent method was undertaken to determine the optimal regions of these factors. Response surface methodology with BOX-BEHNKEN design was adopted to further investigate the mutual interactions between these variables on RSD （relative standard deviation） of aluminum temperature, RSD of furnace temperature and melting time. Multiple-response optimization by desirability function approach was used to determine the optimum melting process parameters. The results indicate that the interaction between the height-to-radius ratio and horizontal angle between burners affects the response variables significantly. The predicted results show that the minimum RSD of aluminum temperature （12.13%）, RSD of furnace temperature （18.50%） and melting time （3.9 h） could be obtained under the optimum conditions of horizontal angle between burners as 64°, height-to-radius ratio as 0.3, natural gas mass flow as 599 m3/h, and air preheated temperature as 639 ℃. These predicted values were further verified by validation experiments. The excellent correlation between the predicted and experimental values confirms the validity and practicability of this statistical optimum strategy.

关键词： aluminum melting furnace melting process response surface methodology desirability function multiple response parameter optimization numerical simulation PLACKETT-BURMAN design BOX-BEHNKEN design

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Burner effects on melting process of regenerative aluminum melting furnace

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Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China 2013年第10期23卷 3125-3136页

作者：王计敏许朋闫红杰周孑民李世轩贵广臣李文科安徽工业大学冶金与资源学院马鞍山243002 中南大学能源科学与工程学院长沙410083 苏州新长光热能科技有限公司苏州215008

According to the features of melting process of regenerative aluminum melting furnaces, a three-dimensional mathematical model with user-developed melting model, burner reversing and burning capacity model was established. The numerical simulation of melting process of a regenerative aluminum melting furnace was presented using hybrid programming method of FLUENT UDF and FLUENT scheme based on the heat balance test. Burner effects on melting process of aluminum melting furnaces were investigated by taking optimization regulations into account. The change rules of melting time on influence factors are achieved. melting time decreases with swirl number, vertical angle of burner, air preheated temperature or natural gas flow; melting time firstly decreases with horizontal angle between burners or air-fuel ratio, then increases; melting time increases with the height of burner.

关键词： regenerative aluminum melting furnace burner melting process numerical simulation multi-element non-linearregression

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An Experimental Study on Thermal Characteristics of Laurie Acid as a Latent Heat Storage Material during melting process

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2003年第2期11卷 240-243页

作者： Ahmet SARI Department of Chemistry Gaziosmanpasa University

The objective of this study was to establish the thermal characteristics of the lauric acid (95% purity) as a latent heat storage material filled in the annulus of vertical concentric double pipe during its melting process,The temperature data were used to determine the thermal characteristics,including the temporal temperature variations and the effects of the mass flow rate and the inlet temperature of the heat transfer fluid on the heat transfer coefficient and the heat charging fraction during the melting process,The results indicated that the time to reach to heat charging fraction of 1.0 could be altered by changing the mass flow rate and the inlet temperature of the heat transfer fluid.

关键词： lauric acid phase change material thermal characteristics melting process

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Segregation behavior and its regulating process in as-cast magnesium alloy containing heavy rare earth

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Journal of Rare Earths 2022年第8期40卷 1291-1304页

作者： Xin Tong Guoqiang You Fanjin Yao Mahmoud Ebrahimi Xinyue Deng Shokouh Attarilar College of Materials Science and Engineering Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400045China National Engineering Research Center of Light Alloy Net Forming and State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites School of Materials Science and EngineeringShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200240China National Engineering Research Center for Magnesium Alloys Chongqing UniversityChongqing 400044China Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversity of MaraghehP.O.Box 55136-533MaraghehIran School of Materials Science and Engineering Iran University of Science and TechnologyTehranIran

Specific gravity segregation that occurs during the smelting process always leads to the low composition homogeneity and poor performance stability of the magnesium-rare earth(Mg-RE)*** this study,the segregation behavior of Mg-Gd alloy was investigated by sampling from different locations in the ingot fabricated in a resistance furnace without a pouring *** combined application of induction-heating and mechanical stirring with various speeds(0-130 r/min)was applied to promote the distribution homogeneity of Gd *** the resistance-heating fabricated ingot,Gd content at the bottom section reaches 407%of that at the *** coarse dendrites surrounded by the network-like eutectic structures are responsible for the brittle fracture with a poor elongation of 3.7%.By the combined employment of the induction heating and mechanical stirring with the speed of 87 r/min at 740℃for 40 s,the variation of the Gd content within the whole ingot can be reduced to be the minimum of 0.23 wt%.Corresponding formation and regulating models of segregation were also ***,the cooling rate of the melt is reduced by the continuous increase of the stirring speed to 130 r/min,which results in the grain coarsening and lower homogeneity of the ingot.

关键词： Mg-RE alloy Segregation Composition homogeneity melting process Mechanical stirring Rare earths

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TiAl ALLOYS FOR INDUSTRIAL USE

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 1995年第Z1期8卷 509-518页

作者： KEIZO HASHIMOTO(Advanced Technologies Research Laboratories Nippon Steel Corp.1618 Ida Nakahara-ku Kawasaki 211 JAPAN) Nippon Steel Corp Kawasaki Japan

Gamma titanium aluminide (γ-TiAl)intermetallic compounds are spotlighted as lightweight heat-resistant materials, and have been investigated extensively to aiming commercial *** approaches in which phase diagrams of Ti -Al -Cr and TiAl -Nb have been studied based on the experimental data and calculations , have been performed in the national project For industrial approach, ingot process and direct casting process have been developed to provide sheet form of TiAl. By these approaches, γ-TiAl base ,intermetallic compounds show a great possibility to apply in the variety of fields .However, a more detailed understanding of phase equilibrium in Ti-Al -X and the relationship between the mechanical properties and microstructure will be necessary

关键词： TITANIUM ALUMINIDE PHASE DIAGRAM TENSILE PROPERTY melting process TWIN ROLL CASTING

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Pharmaceutical amorphous solid dispersion: A review of manufacturing strategies

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2021年第8期11卷 2505-2536页

作者： Sonal V.Bhujbal Biplob Mitra Uday Jain Yuchuan Gong Anjali Agrawal Shyam Karki Lynne S.Taylor Sumit Kumar Qi(Tony)Zhou Department of Industrial and Physical Pharmacy College of PharmacyPurdue University Oral Product Development Bristol Myers Squibb Material Science and Engineering Bristol Myers Squibb

Amorphous solid dispersions(ASDs)are popular for enhancing the solubility and bioavailability of poorly water-soluble *** approaches have been employed to produce ASDs and novel techniques are *** review provides an updated overview of manufacturing techniques for preparing *** physical stability is a critical quality attribute for ASD,the impact of formulation,equipment,and process variables,together with the downstream processing on physical stability of ASDs have been *** strategies are proposed to identify suitable manufacturing methods,which may aid in the development of ASDs with satisfactory physical stability.

关键词： Amorphous solid dispersions Stability Drug delivery Manufacturing Solvent evaporation melting process Co-precipitation Downstream processing Selection criteria

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Component Evaporation of Ti-15-3 Melt during ISM processing

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2001年第1期17卷 83-84页

作者： Yanqing SU Jingjie GUO HongSheng DING Songqing LIU Yuan LIU GuiZhong LIU and Jun JIA National Key Laboratory of Precision Hot processing of Metals, Harbin institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China Harbin Inst Technol Natl Key Lab Precis Hot Proc Met Harbin 150001 Peoples R China

How to control melt composition is the key for getting high quality alloy melt. The paper made the following efforts: (1) The activity coefficients in Ti-15-3 melt have been calculated. (2) Taking advantage of the activity coefficients, the evaporation losses of components in Ti-15-3 melt during ISM process have been studied. The calculated results show that there is a critical vacuum degree (about 1.33 Pa) during melting process.

关键词： activity coefficients evaporation losses melting process vacuum degree high quality ISM process alloy melt

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Simulations of Metal Cu in Heating process

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Chinese Journal of Chemistry 2004年第2期22卷 148-151页

作者：张弢吴爱玲管立齐元华 School of Physics and Micro Electron Shandong University Jinan Shandong 250061 China

Based on the Finnis-Sinsclair (FS) many-body potential model, the melting process of a system, which consists of 500 Cu atoms, controlled by period boundary condition has been simulated. The means of pair correlation func-tion, mean square displacement and Honeycutt-Anderson bonded pair have been used to characterize the melting behavior of Cu at different heating rates. The simulation indicates that melting point of metal Cu is 1444 K during a continuous heating process, and the calculated diffusion constant at the melting point is 4.31×10-9 m2/s. These re-sults are better than those from the EAM method, showing that the FS potential model works well in some disor-dered systems.

关键词： FS potential melting process metal Cu

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