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Experimental Study on the Molecular Mechanism of Anthraquinone Cathartics in Inducing melanosis coli

Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2011年第7期17卷 525-530页

作者：陈建永潘锋张涛夏瑾李艳娟 Department of Digestive Diseases Zhejiang Integrated Medical Hospital Institute of Pi-Wei Guangzhou Traditional Chinese Medical University

Objective：To explore the significance of colonic epithelial cell apoptosis and tumor necrosis factorα（TNF-α）changing in pathogenesis of melanosis coli（MC）in guinea pig and the molecular mechanism of rhubarb（Rhu）in inducing the disease,by means of using different dosages of Rhu to induce the disease. Methods：One hundred and forty-four male guinea pigs,clean grade,were randomized according to their body weight into 5 groups,the untreated normal group and the 4 Rhu groups treated,respectively,with different doses of Rhu,3 g/kg·d for low dose（Rhu-I）group,6 g/kg·d for moderate dose（Rhu-m）group,12 g/kg·d for high dose（Rhu-h）group and 24 g/kg·d for super-high dose（Rhu-s）group via gastric *** animals were sacrificed 60 days later,their viscera were taken for observing the pathologic and morphologic changes with HE, melanin and melatonin staining,and the apoptosis of colonic epithelial cells was detected with TUNEL stain and transmission electric *** addition,the levels of TNF-αin serum and colonic tissue were measured using ELISA and ***：The pathological changes of MC could be found by naked eye in all Rhu groups,especially apparent at caecum and proximal end of colon,but did not found in gallbladder,jejunum and *** normal guinea pigs,the colonic membrane was pink in color with no apparent pigment deposition. Membranous color deepened in the Rhu groups depending on the dosage of Rhu *** scoring showed the highest scores revealed in the Rhu-s group（6.00±0.00）,which was significantly different to those in the Rhu-I （3.86±0.69）,Rhu-m（4.43±0.79）and Rhu-h groups（4.88±0.35,all P0.05）.Levels of cell apoptosis in colon and TNF-αin serum in all Rhu groups were higher than those in the normal group（P0.01）,but showed no significant difference among the Rhu groups（P0.05）.Moreover,a positive correlation was found in the degree of induced MC with apoptosis rate and TNF-α***：Rhu（anthraquinone purgatives）had apparent effect on inducing M

关键词： anthraquinone extract of rhubarb guinea pig melanosis coli colonic epithelial cell apoptosis tumor necrosis factor-α

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Expression of aquaporin 8 and its relationship with melanosis coli

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Chinese Medical Journal 2011年第19期124卷 3061-3065页

作者： LIU Jun TIAN De-an WANG Jun-ping ZHANG Su-zhen FENG Jing ZHAO Zhi-zhong HAO Yu-xia LIU Ping Department of Gastroenterology Tongji Hospital of Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan Hubei 430022 China Department of Gastroenterology Shanxi Provincial People＇s Hospital Taiyuan Shanxi 030012 China Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Shanxi Provincial People＇s Hospital Taiyuan Shanxi 030012 China Department of Gastroenterology Shanxi Provincial Tumor Hospital Taiyuan Shanxi 030013 China

Background The relationship between melanosis coli （MC） and aquaporin 8 （AQP8） has not yet been elucidated. The aim of this research was to investigate the relationship between the expression of AQP8 and the pathological mechanism of *** Expression of AQP8 was detected by immunohistochemistry and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction （RT-PCR） in 37 MC colon tissues and 13 control colon tissues. Global gene expression analysis was also used to identify differently expressed genes. Its relationship with MC was analyzed by SPSS 11.5 statistical *** The positive rate of AQP8 expression detected by immunohistochemistry in the MC group was 24.3% （9/37）,significantly lower than the 69.2% （9/13） in the control group （P 〈0.05）. The relative expression level of AQP8 in MC group was 0.639±0.160, lower than 0.921±0.148 of controls （P 〈0.05）. Global gene expression analysis showed that AQP8 mRNA expression was downregulated in MC *** The decreased AQP8 expression in MC patients indicates that chronic use of laxatives containing anthraquinone may cause reduced water absorption. The expression of AQP8 may be related to MC.

关键词： melanosis coli aquaporin 8 immunohistochemistry

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“melanosis” in the small and large intestine

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第27期14卷 4296-4299页

作者： Hugh James Freeman Department of Medicine (Gastroen- terology) University of British Columbia

Deposition of pigment in the intestinal mucosa is commonly observed by the endoscopist, especially within the colon, and particularly during investigations for constipation. Pigment may also be detected in the small intestine. Although labeled as melanosis, electron microscopy and X-ray analytical methods have provided evidence that this pigment is not melanin at all, but lipofuscin. Often, herbal remedies or anthracene containing laxatives are often historically implicated, and experimental studies in both humans and animal models have also confirmed the intimate relationship with these pharmacological or pseudo-pharmacological remedies. The appearance of melanosis coli during colonoscopy is largely due to pigment granule deposition in macrophages located in the colonic mucosa. The pigment intensity is not uniform, being more intense in the cecum and proximal colon compared to the distal colon. Possibly, this reflects higher luminal concentrations of an offending agent in the proximal compared to distal colon, differential absorption along the length of the colon, or finally, differences in macrophage distribution within the colon. Mucosal lymphoid aggregates normally display a distinct absence of pigment producing a "starry sky" appearance, especially in the rectosigmoid region. Interestingly, some focal, usually sessile, colonic mucosal neoplastic lesions, rather than submucosal lesions, may be better appreciated as pigment deposition may be absent or limited. If detected, removal and further histopathologic analysis of the polyp may be facilitated.

关键词： melanosis Lipofuscin melanosis coli Constipation Hemosiderin melanosis ilei melanosisduodeni Anthraquinones

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