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Management Studies 2021年第5期9卷 341-354页

作者： Ioannis A.Pissourios Natia R.Anastasi Stelios Gialis School of Architecture Land and Environmental SciencesNeapolis University PafosPaphosCyprus School of Architecture EngineeringLand and Environmental SciencesNeapolis University PafosPaphosCyprus Department of Geography University of the AegeanLesvosGreece

The paper at hand explores whether short-term rentals(STRs),operated through sharing platforms,can provide employment opportunities to young people that are Not in Employment,Education and Training(NEETs)and whether such opportunities can comprise a realistic and viable solution to their unemployment.The focus is on low-skilled native women and migrants between 25-29 that live in Spain,Italy,Greece,and Cyprus.Methodologically,the research is based on the analysis of questionnaires conducted with both NEETs and owners or managers of STRs.Our analysis reveals that only firms that own or manage a large number of properties are in position to offer solid employment opportunities.Owners with a limited number of properties are not in position to offer sustainable long-term employment,for two main reasons.First,the generated income is not significant enough to justify employing an individual through a full-time waged-contract or even on a part-time basis;Second,tasks that could potentially lead to employability of NEETs are either low skill positions therefore are outsourced to cheap service providers or require professionals with appropriate technical skills and certifications.In this context,the paper also discusses ways these obstacles to be surpassed.

关键词： NEETs sharing economy employment short-term rentals sharing platforms Airbnb European Union Mediterranean

Kick Off Maritime Boundary Disputes: Published Maps, Not Drawn With Agreement, Compatible to the International Law?

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International Relations and Diplomacy 2019年第9期7卷 418-430页

作者： Emete Gozuguzelli Public Law in IR at the Akdeniz University Antalya Turkey

Issues concerning on the continental shelf and in the exclusive economic zone between Turkey and the Greek Cypriot Administration (GCA) have been more controversial. This study answers the following questions:(a) What is the main arguments of the Parties?(b) How the exclusive economic zone could be declared?(c) Does median line applicable to the delimitation law without taken the related circumstances in the Eastern Mediterranean?(d) Can any maps on claimed exclusive economic zone borders publish without maritime boundary delimitation agreements, officially? The main intent of the study is to evaluate the different perspectives of the Parties on maritime delimitation and to evaluate the boundaries of the exclusive economic zone bounded by the European Union on the European Asia and Europe Africa Interconnected Cable Network Projects maps in the Eastern Mediterranean.

关键词： exclusive economic zone (EEZ) European Union delimitation median line the Eastern Mediterranean the Greek Cypriot Administration (GCA) Turkey

Inter-Laboratory Ring Trial to Evaluate Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction Methods Used for <i>Dolphin Morbillivirus</i>Detection in Italy

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Advances in Microbiology 2019年第5期9卷 423-437页

作者： Zoccola Roberto Pautasso Alessandra Grattarola Carla Monnier Milena Miceli Ilaria Ingravalle Francesco Crescio Maria Ines Giorda Federica Masoero Loretta Zaccaria Guendalina Purpari Giuseppa Cersini Antonella Viscardi Maurizio Serracca Laura Padalino Iolanda Puggioni Giantonella Canonico Cristina Toffan Anna Centelleghe Cinzia Di Francesco Cristina Esmeralda Mazzariol Sandro Di Guardo Giovanni Mignone Walter Casalone Cristina Goria Maria Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte Liguria e Valle d’Aosta Torino Italy Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Abruzzo e del Molise Teramo Italy Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sicilia Palermo Italy Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Lazio e della Toscana Roma Italy Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno Portici (NA) Italy Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte Liguria e Valle d’Aosta La Spezia Italy Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Puglia e Basilicata Foggia Italy Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sardegna Sassari Italy Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’ Umbria e delle Marche Ancona Italy Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale delle Venezie Legnaro (PD) Italy University of Padova Department of Comparative Biomedicine and Food Science (BCA) Legnaro (PD) Italy Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of Teramo Teramo Italy Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte Liguria e Valle d’Aosta Imperia Liguria Italy

Dolphin Morbillivirus (DMV) is one of the most frequently detected pathogens in stranded cetacean specimens worldwide as well as in Italy. Due to the persistence of DMV in the Mediterranean Sea and to the lack of information about the efficiency of the available diagnostic techniques, the Italian National Reference Centre for diagnostic activities on dead stranded marine mammals (C.Re.Di.Ma) performed the first inter-laboratory ring trial with the aim to standardize a diagnostic biomolecular approach for DMV in Italy. Viral isolation is usually considered the “gold standard” for the definitive diagnosis of most pathogens, but it is not often feasible in DMV diagnosis, due to the poor preservation of virus-targeted tissues in stranded cetacean carcasses, as well as to the lack of appropriate sensitivity of cell lines towards DMV variability. Therefore direct viral detection on tissues by means of reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) represents a valuable option for DMV infection’s diagnosis. For detecting DMV in cetacean die-offs occurred in the Mediterranean basin since 2013, C.Re.Di.Ma developed an RT-PCR based method targeting to a 287 bp fragment of DMV nucleoprotein (N) gene. With the purpose to evaluate its performances in terms of accuracy (Se = sensitivity and Sp = specificity) and precision (reproducibility), it was submitted to a ring trial. So, 12 Public Laboratories belonging to the Italian dead stranded marine mammals diagnostic network were asked to analyze a panel of 40 samples (positive and negative for DMV, using different dilutions of a viral suspension obtained from a cell culture supernatant of a DMV strain) with the aforementioned technique. Furthermore, we also aimed at comparing the accuracy of other 7 molecular methods routinely applied for DMV detection in Italy. For this purpose, the second panel of identical 40 DMV +ve and -ve samples was provided to Laboratories that routinely used DMV detection methods other than those developed by C.Re.Di.Ma, in order to be analyzed simultaneously with

关键词： Dolphin Morbillivirus RT-PCR Interlab Ring Test Method Comparison Stranded Cetaceans Mediterranean Sea

How to Ensure Food Supply to the Population of the Medieval Village of Loule (1384-1488)

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Journal of Food Science and Engineering 2019年第7期9卷 255-265页

作者： Luisa Fernanda Guerreiro Martins Interdisciplinary History Cultures and Societies Centre of the University of Evora(UID/HIS/00057/2013POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007702)Largo do Marques de Marialvan. 8Apartado 94Evora 7000-809Portugal

Located in the centre of the Algarve,in the South of Portugal,the ancient village of Louléhas its origins in a Muslim medieval medina(8th Century).After the Christian Conquest of the South and namely of the Louléterritory in 1249,the Christian Administration,based on the city councils meetings,composed of good men,will have to reconcile the social and religious dynamics of the populations who stayed in the territory,formed by Jews,Muslims and Christians.Besides this social,cultural and religious scenario,local administration will also assure the management of production,distribution and sale of food needed to ensure the survival and the settlement of the populations in the territory.Part of that distribution included cereals,olive oil,wine,meat and fish,all of them representing the Mediterranean food basis of the populations from the South of the Iberian Peninsula.It is about this daily concern with food distribution and consumption,in a religious and culturally tripartite society that we intend to present this article,focusing the analysis on three types of food:cereals(“bread”),meat and fish.We intend to demonstrate how the medieval council of Loulémanaged the production of the food and how the population was fed,using the Councillor Minutes of the LouléCity Council in the medieval Christian period.Since the documentation allows us to propose an interpretation for the consecrated trilogy of bread,olive oil and wine,we choose to underline three fundamental areas of the economy of the Algarve region:cattle raising and the supply of meat to the populations,the shortage of cereals with which the“bread”supply was ensured and the commercialization of fish.The provision of meat,cereals and fish ensured that the population was well fed,but the most interesting is that,the way the food distribution was made,allows us to understand the capacity to accept a tripartite society between“Christians”,“Moors”and“Jews”.

关键词： Mediterranean food medieval city religious scenario food production distribution.

Application of a Geomatics Approach for the Diachronic Study of the Meditterannean Coastline Case of Tangier Bay

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International Journal of Geosciences 2018年第6期9卷 320-336页

作者： Fatima Zahra Salim Mohammed Yassine El Habti Lech-Hab Khadija Ben Hamman Ahmed Raissouni Abdelkrim El Arrim Laboratoire "Environnement Océanologie et Ressources Naturelles" Dpt. des Sciences dela Terre FST de Tanger Km 9 Route de Ziatine Maroc

The coastline is one of the country’s most important environmental and economic resources. However, it is a delicate and highly coveted environ-ment on which many factors of evolution interact, both anthropogenic and natural. This work is concerned with the diachronic study of the coastline of the Mediterranean coast, particularly the coastal fringe at the level of Tangier Bay. In order to experimentally confirm the numerical models used and to take part in the development of an accurate, reliable and rapid decision support system for the assessment and remediation of the risks of accretion and coastal erosion, the methodology followed consists of the application of automatic analytical techniques, based on a geomatics approach, using a multi-temporal photo-interpretation, a Geographical Information System (GIS) and a computerized data analysis system (DSAS: Digital Shoreline Analysis System). The change rate will be calculated from the multi-date maps (1981-96 and 2017) using the End Point Rate (EPR). To achieve our objective, the study area was divided into three sectors from East to West: El Ghandouri Beach, Malabata Beach and the municipal square adjacent to the port. The GIS analysis of the data obtained shows that the coastline is present by location and for the three periods of comparison of the remarkable zones of erosion and sedimentation.

关键词： Mediterranean Coastline (SIG) Geographic Information System (DSAS) Digital Shoreline Analysis System Accretion Erosion

Quality Assessment of MODIS Time Series Images and the Effect on Drought Monitoring

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2017年第7期7卷 365-383页

作者： Hedia Chakroun National School of Engineering of Tunis University of Tunis El Manar Tunis Tunisia

Drought Monitoring by remotely sensed moisture vegetation indexes is being an active research subject as the vegetation spectral responses are showed to be highly correlated to water content. The MODIS (MODerate resolution Imaging Spectro-radiometer) sensor of the Terra satellite provides MOD09A1 product of BRDF (Bidirectional Reflectance Distribution Function) used in computing moisture vegetation indexes (MVI). The exploration of an MVI time-series in the Kroumirie forest in Northern Tunisia showed important noise due to both clouds contamination and sensor defaults that had to be removed. Amongst methods for removing these imperfections, TIMESAT tool was designed for correcting time-series of satellite data and also to retrieve seasonal parameters from smoothed vegetation indexes. The methodology of smoothing functions to fit the time series data is based on two stages. First, a least square fit to the upper envelope of the vegetation indices series is applied. The second stage is achieved by local and adaptive fitting functions. The corrections have been made by spikes removal due to abrupt change of MVI variations and by fitting the MVI time-series to the upper envelop to correct the negative biases of remote sensing vegetation indexes. The adaptive Savitsky-Golay function filter compared to local filtering process produces variations that conserve local variations for all the tested MVI. Seasonal vegetation parameters were extracted for each year of the time-series analysis and compared to the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) calculated at meteorological station level and for different time scales. Positive relations were found between SPI and the seasonal parameters expressed by the length and the amplitude of the season, indicating MODIS derived MVI sensitivity to water deficit or surplus conditions. The 6-month SPI showed the best performance when related to water sensitive indexes suggesting that MODIS derived indexes are more correlated to the precipitation variations over seasons.

关键词： MODIS Time Series Moisture Vegetation Indexes TIMESAT Drought SPI Mediterranean Forests

Seismotectonics of the Padanian Region and Surrounding Belts: Which Driving Mechanism?

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International Journal of Geosciences 2016年第12期7卷 1412-1451页

作者： Marcello Viti Enzo Mantovani Daniele Babbucci Caterina Tamburelli Nicola Cenni Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche Della Terra e dell’Ambiente Università degli Studi di Siena Siena Italy Dipartimento di Fisica ed Astronomia Università degli Studi di Bologna Bologna Italy

It is argued that the complex tectonic pattern observed in the study area can plausibly be explained as an effect of the kinematics of the Iberia and Adria blocks, induced by the NNE ward motion of Africa and the roughly westward motion of the Anatolian-Aegean system with respect to Eurasia. These boundary conditions cause the constrictional regime which is responsible for the observed shortening processes in the Padanian region and Western Alps. The proposed dynamic context can plausibly account for the peculiar distribution of major seismic sources, located in the northern Apennines, the Giudicarie fault system, the offshore of the western Ligurian coast and the Swiss Alps. The observed tectonic pattern in Western Europe and the study area can hardly be reconciled with the implications of the roughly NWward convergence between Africa and Eurasia proposed by global kinematic models, whereas it is compatible with the alternative Africa-Eurasia kinematics and plate mosaic proposed by [1].

关键词： Seismotectonics Geodynamics GPS Mediterranean Padanian

Present Velocity Field in the Italian Region by GPS Data: Geodynamic/Tectonic Implications

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International Journal of Geosciences 2015年第12期6卷 1285-1316页

作者： Enzo Mantovani Marcello Viti Nicola Cenni Daniele Babbucci Caterina Tamburelli Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche della Terra e dell’Ambiente Università degli Studi di Siena Siena Italy Dipartimento di Fisica ed Astronomia Università degli Studi di Bologna Bologna Italy

The analysis of geodetic observations carried out by 478 continuous GPS stations in the Italian region since 2001 has allowed a fairly good definition of the ongoing horizontal velocity field with respect to Eurasia. It is argued that such evidence can provide important insights into the geodynamic context in the central Mediterranean area. Numerous velocity vectors in the Apulia zone coherently indicate that the southern Adriatic domain is moving roughly NE ward. Since no significant decoupling zone between this domain and Nubia has so far been recognized, one could expect that the kinematics of these two plates is compatible. However, this condition is not fulfilled if the Nubia-Eurasia relative motion is taken from the global kinematic models, either deduced by long-term evidence?[1]?or short-term geodetic data?[2]?[3]. This problem is considerably reduced if the alternative Nubia-Eurasia rotation pole suggested by?[4]?is taken into account. This choice is also suggested by other major long-term evidence in the Mediterranean region. The numerous geodetic vectors available in two Adriatic sectors, the Apulia zone and the Venetian plain, would imply an Adria-Eurasia rotation pole incompatible with all Nubia-Eurasia Eulerian poles so far proposed. Since a significant relative motion between these plates is not compatible with the absence of a tectonic decoupling zone, we suppose that the short-term kinematics of Adria might be influenced by a transient non-rigid behaviour of that plate. This hypothesis is compatible with the expected effects (post seismic relaxation) of the major decoupling earthquakes that have occurred along Periadriatic zones in the past tens of years. The compatibility of the GPS kinematic pattern in the Apennine belt, Calabria Arc and Sicily with the implications of the geodynamic/tectonic interpretations so far proposed for the central Mediterranean area is then discussed.

关键词： Geodesy Geodynamics Italy Central Mediterranean

Semi Operational Prediction of the Dead Sea Evaporation—A Synoptic Systems Approach

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Journal of Water Resource and Protection 2015年第13期7卷 1058-1074页

作者： Eyal Ilotoviz Haim Shafir Philipp Gasch Pinhas Alpert Department of Atmospheric Sciences The Hebrew University of Jerusalem Jerusalem Israel Department of Geosciences Tel Aviv University Tel Aviv Israel Institute of Meteorology and Climate Research Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Karlsruhe Germany

The predictability of pan evaporation and air temperature in the southern part of the Dead-Sea region (Sdom) was investigated according to two approaches, prediction by mesoscale models and with the aid of synoptic classification. First, the predicted temperature, wind speed and relative humidity that directly affect the evaporation are obtained from the WRF mesoscale model predictions. Predictions according to multilinear regression equations and a Penman-Monteith approach were also validated against observations in Sdom. The WRF model predicts the temperature reasonably well. However, the wind speed and relative humidity predictions were found to be very poor. The unique approach in this paper is employing a semi-objective synoptic systems classification according to the global GFS model. Relationships were defined between the 19 Eastern Mediterranean’s (EM) synoptic systems and the Sdom evaporation, temperature, wind speed and relative humidity. A monthly evaluation was performed for each of the systems and the semi-objective prediction was verified by the semi-objective classification. Since some synoptic systems affect the evaporation and temperature similarly, the 19 synoptic systems were grouped into seven clusters, each containing systems with similar evaporation and temperature records. This method has yielded a significant improvement in the daily prediction of evaporation and temperature. Semi-objective definitions for the synoptic systems were performed for the ranges of 12 - 132 hours. The synoptic system approach succeeded in the prediction of the evaporation and temperature changes in Sdom for a few days in advance. The predictability skill for the 12 hour forecast achieved about 80% of success, dropping to 70% at 36 hours. For 60 to 132 hours the prediction stabilized at a skill of 60%.The method presented here is a new attempt to predict meteorological parameters by using a synoptic classification approach in the Dead-Sea area where even high-resolution mesoscale modeling forecasts are not very s

关键词： Synoptic Classification Dead-Sea Evaporation Eastern Mediterranean

Vegetation Analysis and Soil Characteristics on Two Species of Genus <i>Achillea</i>Growing in Egyptian Desert

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Open Journal of Ecology 2015年第9期5卷 420-433页

作者： Yasser Ahmed El-Amier El-Sayed Fouad El-Halawany Samia Ali Haroun Sura Goma Mohamud Department of Botany Faculty of Science Mansoura University Mansoura Egypt

The present study provides a vegetation analysis and species distribution at 50 sites, emphasizing the environmental factors that affect species distribution. A total of 74 plant species belonging to 67 genera and related to 23 families of vascular plants are recorded. Asteraceae, Poaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Brassicaceae, Fabaceae and Zygophyllaceae are the largest families, and therophytes (41.89) and chamaephytes (24.32%) are the most frequent, indicating a typical desert life-form spectrum. Chorological analysis revealed that 25 of the studied species were Mediterranean taxa, Saharo-Sindian chorotypes, either pure or penetrated into other regions, comprised 47 species. After application of the TWINSPAN and DCA programs, 4 vegetation groups (A-D) were identified, groups A and B were dominated by Achillea santolina, group C was codominated by Zygophyllm coccinum and Launaea spinosa and group D was dominated by Leptadenia pyrotechnica. Groups A and B may represent the vegetation types of the Western Mediterranean coast of Egypt, while groups C and D may represent the Wadi Hagul. The linear correlation of soil variables with the importance values of some dominant species and the application of Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA-biplot) indicates significant associations between the floristic composition of the studied area and the edaphic factors such as electrical conductivity, pH, calcium carbonate, sulphates, bicarbonate, cations (Na+, K+, Ca++ and Mg++) and PAR.

关键词： Achillea Soil Analysis Western Mediterranean Coast Wadi Hagul Chorotype