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Trophic State Evaluation of a Large Mediterranean Lake Utilizing Abiotic and Biotic Elements

Journal of Environmental Protection 2014年第1期5卷 17-28页

作者： George Kehayias Evangelia Doulka Department of Environmental and Natural Resources Management University of Patras Agrinio Greece.

The trophic state of a freshwater ecosystem reflects its environmental quality. This is why several trophic indicators have been developed for such water bodies based on chemical, physical and biological parameters. Apart from that, there are several biotic elements which can be used in accessing the environmental condition of a freshwater ecosystem. Zooplankton organisms are important elements of the structure and function of lakes and are considered useful indicators of alterations in their trophic dynamics and ecological state related to changes in nutrient loading and climate. In accordance to the above, the present study is an attempt to assess the trophic condition of the largest lake in Greece (Lake Trichonis) through the investigation of the physicochemical elements, along with the biotic indications provided by a three-year study of the lake’s zooplankton. The present results, compared with previous studies conducted between 15 and 25 years before, showed that there was an increase in the maximum values of the concentrations of chlorophyll-α and nutrients, while there was a decrease in water transparency. The implementation of Carslon’s trophic state index (TSI) revealed that Lake Trichonis still remains an oligo-to mesotrophic ecosystem as it was in the past. However, although the zooplankton investigation showed several features that are common in oligotrophic lakes, there are certain eutrophic characteristics of the zooplankton community (e.g. abundance variation pattern, indicator species, seasonal succession of cladocerans) pointing out a different state of the ecosystem in comparison to the past. In conclusion, the use of a biotic element like zooplankton revealed that Lake Trichonis is experiencing a transitional condition towards the eutrophic state and points out the necessity for constant inspection and monitoring of this ecosystem.

关键词： Lake Zooplankton Eutrophication Abundance Trichonis Lake Indicator Species Mediterranean

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Generation of Back-Arc Basins as Side Effect of Shortening Processes: Examples from the Central Mediterranean

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International Journal of Geosciences 2014年第10期5卷 1062-1079页

作者： Enzo Mantovani Marcello Viti Daniele Babbucci Caterina Tamburelli Nicola Cenni Massimo Baglione Vittorio D’Intinosante Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche della Terra e dell’Ambiente Università degli Studi di Siena Siena Italy Dipartimento di Scienze Biologiche Geologiche e Ambientali Università degli Studi di Bologna Bologna Italy Ufficio Prevenzione Sismica Regione Toscana Firenze Italy

The evolution of the Mediterranean area since the Oligocene-Lower Miocene has been driven by the convergence of the surrounding plates. This implies that the observed deformation pattern in that region must be the most convenient shortening pattern, i.e. the one controlled by the minimum action principle. To understand why the fulfilment of such condition has required a complex spatio-temporal distribution of major tectonic events, such as uplift, lateral displacement and bending of orogenic belts, consumption of large lithospheric domains and formation of back arc basins, it may be very useful to take into account a basic tectonic concept, which helps to identify the process that can minimize the resistance of tectonic forces. Such concept starts from the fact that the most convenient consumption process is the one that involves low buoyancy oceanic lithosphere (Tethyan domains). However, such process is highly favoured where the oceanic lithosphere is stressed by vertical forces, a situation that develops when orogenic wedges are forced to over thrust and load the oceanic domain to be consumed. This interpretation can provide plausible and coherent explanations for the complex pattern of the observed deformations. In this view, the generation of back arc basins is taken as a side effect of an extrusion process, as suggested by numerical and mechanical experiments.

关键词： Central Mediterranean Extrusion Tectonics Back-Arc Basins

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Metazoan Parasites of the Mediterranean Garfish <i>Belone belone gracilis</i>(Teleostei: Belonidae) as a Tool for Stock Discrimination

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Open Journal of Marine Science 2015年第3期5卷 324-334页

作者： Manel Chaari Mariam Feki Lassad Neifar Laboratoire de Biodiversité et Ecosystèmes Aquatiques Département des Sciences de la vie Faculté des Sciences de Sfax Université de Sfax Sfax Tunisie

The aim of the present study was to provide a current survey of metazoan parasites of the Mediterranean garfish Belone belone gracilis Lowe, 1839 off Tunisian coast and their potential use as biological tags for discriminate stocks. Parasitological analysis of 453 specimens of B. b. gracilis along the eastern Tunisian coast revealed the presence of ten species of metazoan parasites: one monogenean Axine belones Abildgaard, 1794;four digeneansLecithostaphylus retroflexus (Molin, 1859), Tergestia acanthocephala (Stossich, 1887) Stossich, 1899, Aponurus laguncula Looss, 1907 and Condylocotyla pilodora(metacercaria) Pearson et Prévot, 1985;one copepod Bomolochus bellonesBurmeister, 1835;two isopods Irona nana Schioedte et Meinert, 1884 andNerocila orbignyi (Guérin-Méneville, 1832);1 acanthocephalan Telosentis exiguus (Von Linstow, 1901) and one nematod Anisakid larvae. Discriminant analysis using parasites as biological tags, allowed identifying two stocks ofB. b. gracilis. Digenea L. retroflexus, A. laguncula and Anisakid larvae were the most important species in determining the position of sampled fishes from the central coast off Tunisia. Metacercaria C. pilodora characterized specimens from the Southern coast off Tunisia. These results were corroborated by comparing parameters of prevalence and mean abundance between zones. Discriminant analysis used for the separation of B. b. gracilis between seasons in both localities showed that a seasonal variation affected mainly specimens from the center suggesting seasonal move of fishes.

关键词： Belone belone gracilis Metazoan Parasites Stock Discrimination Tunisian Coast Mediterranean Sea

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Diversity and Phenology of the Braconid Community (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) in the Mediterranean Protected Landscape of Sierra Calderona (Spain)

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Open Journal of Ecology 2014年第4期4卷 174-181页

作者： Jose Vicente Falcó-Garí Francisco Javier Peris-Felipo Ricardo Jiménez-Peydró Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Institute Cavanilles of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology Valencia Spain

The diversity of the Braconidae subfamilies (Hymenoptera) in the protected landscape of the Natural Park of Sierra Calderona (Eastern Spain) is analysed. Samplings have been carried out along 2010 in three different habitats: almond crop, Oak forest (Quercus suber L.) and Pine forest (Pinus halepensis Miller). In total, 2166 braconid specimens, belonging to 23 subfamilies, have been captured. Alpha, beta and gamma diversities are analysed. As a result, almond crop habitat is proven to show the greatest diversity. The structure of the community and the phenology in each habitat are also analysed.

关键词： Braconidae Diversity Community Mediterranean Landscapes Spain

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Wine Consumption in the Mediterranean Diet: Old Concepts in a New Sight

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2012年第12期3卷 1726-1733页

作者： Caterina Carollo Gregorio Caimi Department of Internal and Specialistic Medicine University of Palermo Palermo Italy.

The term “Mediterranean diet” is widely employed to indicate the typical diet of the Countries located on the Mediterranean sea coast. A growing body of scientific literature pointed out the healthy effects of this diet. In recent years we investigated about the protective effects of a regular and moderate wine consumption. As we know, alcoholic and non alcoholic wine constituents are responsible of different effects by means of molecular and cell mechanisms. Among the non alcoholic components, polyphenols (for example resveratrol and quercetin) were deeply investigated. The aim of this review is to underline the effects of a moderate and regular wine drinking in the context of the Mediterranean diet in light of the interactions between wine and important dietary factors such as olive oil, fruit and vegetables.

关键词： Wine Alcohol Polyphenols Mediterranean Diet Resveratrol Cardiovascular Diseases Cancer Neurodegenerative Diseases

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Morphological and ecological divergence in two populations of European glass lizard,Pseudopus apodus(Squamata:Anguidae)

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Zoological Research 2020年第2期41卷 172-181页

作者： Olga Jovanovic Glavas Paula Pocanic Vanja Lovric Lorena Derezanin Zoran Tadic Duje Lisicic Department of Biology University of OsijekOsijek 31000Croatia Department of Animal Physiology Faculty of ScienceUniversity of ZagrebZagreb 10000Croatia

The European glass lizard,Pseudopus apodus(Pallas,1775),is a large,legless lizard with wide distribution across south-eastern Europe and eastern and central Asia.To date,morphological diversification among populations on a geographically small scale has not yet been reported in this lizard.Thus,we investigated the morphological variations and corresponding differences in habitat utilization between two populations of P.apodus inhabiting the same biogeographical zone within a relatively close geographic area.We hypothesized that minor differences in habitat could induce a significant level of morphological differentiation,thus indicating morphological plasticity in this species on a small geographical scale.We sampled 164 individuals(92 from the Croatian mainland and 72 from the island of Cres).Results showed that P.apodus indeed exhibited morphological differences between populations in the same biogeographical zone within a relatively close geographic area,with the Cres Island individuals being generally larger than the individuals from the mainland.Some ecological characteristics were similar in both populations(e.g.,soil temperature,distance to hiding place),whereas others were distinct(e.g.,air temperature and humidity).In addition,vegetation cover differed between the two sites,with more vegetation present on the mainland than on the island.Furthermore,the Cres Island population showed clear sexual dimorphism,which was absent in the mainland population.

关键词： Mediterranean Morphology Sauria Sexual dimorphism

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Study on the Mediterranean-style Commercial Real Estates in Hangzhou

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Journal of Landscape Research 2013年第4期5卷 43-46页

作者： ZHOU Xinyi SUN Bijia HUANG Xin XIA Yiping Institute of Landscape Architecture Zhejiang University

The Mediterranean-style commercial real estates have become increasingly popular in Hangzhou, but they are not compatible with the real Mediterranean style in humanistic connotations. By investigating and analyzing the commercial real estates in Hangzhou, the authors found that the architectural forms and landscape elements are similar with those in Mediterranean region, but the design techniques show the tendency of localization, and plant landscapes and regional cultural characteristics are not compatible with the real Mediterranean style.

关键词： Mediterranean style Hangzhou Commercial real estate Landscape

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Morphological and Physiological Traits of Assistance in the Selection of High Yielding Varieties of Durum Wheat (<i>Triticum turgidum</i>L. spp. Durum) for the Rainfed Mediterranean Environments of Central Chile

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2012年第12期3卷 1809-1819页

作者： Gerlitt González Ribot Paola Silva Edmundo Acevedo Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas Universidad de Chile Santiago Chile

Chile has high potential to produce quality durum wheat;however, it is not self-sufficient. It is necessary to increase durum grain yield in the Mediterranean rainfed areas which are characterized by adverse environmental conditions, mainly, water deficit. The criteria normally used by breeders to select varieties of wheat for these environments are yield under stress and early flowering. The objective of this monograph is to propose that the selection of high yielding genotypes of durum wheat, under Chilean Mediterranean rainfed conditions, be assisted by morphological and physiological traits associated with yield in order to increase its heritability.

关键词： Rainfed Mediterranean Durum Wheat Morphological Physiological Traits

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Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers and Polychlorobiphenyls in Fish from the Ionian Sea (Western Mediterranean)

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2012年第2期3卷 135-140页

作者： Silvano Focardi Monia Renzi Department of Environmental Sciences “G. Sarfatti” University of Siena Siena Italy

This study reports on the accumulation of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and polychlorobiphenyls (PCBs) in the muscle tissue of 11 species of fish from the Ionian Sea (Western Mediterranean). The results are consistent with previous studies that have reported now-generalized contamination by PCBs of the Mediterranean marine environment, as well as widespread diffusion of emerging contaminants such as polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs). The Western Mediterranean Sea, from which the 11 fish species were collected, receives a heavy pollutant input from the urban and industrial areas along its coasts. Higher values of PCBs (average over 1.5 mg/kg f.w.) were observed in pelagic top predators (little tuna, bluefin tuna and swordfish). These same species also showed higher levels of PBDEs, averaging above 0.5 ng/g f.w. This puts a few fish species at the top of the food chain—such as bluefin tuna and swordfish—at particular risk, and the importance of these species in the human diet suggests the need for particular care in our food choices.

关键词： PBDEs PCBs Fish Muscle Western Mediterranean

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Tectonic-Geophysical Mapping of Israel and the Eastern Mediterranean: Implications for Hydrocarbon Prospecting

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Positioning 2011年第1期2卷 36-54页

作者： Lev Eppelbaum Youri Katz 不详

The eastern Mediterranean is a tectonically complex region evolving in the long term located in the midst of the progressive Afro-Eurasian collision. Despite years of investigation, its geological-geophysical structure is not completely known. At the same time, the recent discovery of large gas deposits has attracted the attention of many researchers to this region. For instance, the latest U. S. Geological Survey estimates using conventional assessment methodology suggest that there are on the order of 1.7 billion barrels of recoverable oil and more than 4 trillion m3 of recoverable gas in the Levant Basin [1]. This highlights the need for analysis of the paleogeographical conditions that can yield deep paleotectonic criteria for oil and gas discovery in this region. For this purpose, isopach maps of the Middle-Upper Jurassic and Lower Cretaceous were generated from detailed examinations of numerous well sections and the most significant outcroppings in the eastern Mediterranean. The maps confirm an earlier model of continental accretion [2]. In particular, abrupt changes in the trend and thickness of the Early Mesozoic formations coincide with the terrane boundaries. These compiled isopach maps also pinpoint significant distinctions between the Arabian and Sinai plates on the one hand and the Syrian arc on the other. A new tectonic map of the eastern Mediterranean is presented that first of all integrates geophysical satellite-derived gravity and airborne magnetic fields, as well as tectonic-structural, paleogeographical and facial analyses. The results have clear implications for hydrocarbon prospecting in this region.

关键词： Eastern Mediterranean Isopach Maps Hydrocarbon Potential Satellite Gravity Airborne Magnetics

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