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Physical Activity, Mediterranean Diet and Biomarkers-Assessed Risk of Alzheimer’s: A Multi-Modality Brain Imaging Study

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Advances in Molecular Imaging 2014年第4期4卷 43-57页

作者： Dawn C. Matthews Michelle Davies John Murray Schantel Williams Wai H. Tsui Yi Li Randolph D. Andrews Ana Lukic Pauline McHugh Shankar Vallabhajosula Mony J. de Leon Lisa Mosconi ADM Diagnostics Chicago USA Department of Psychiatry New York University School of Medicine New York USA Citigroup Biomedical Imaging Center Weill Cornell Medical College New York USA

Increased physical activity and higher adherence to a Mediterranean-type diet (MeDi) have been independently associated with reduced risk of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Their association has not been investigated with the use of biomarkers. This study examines whether, among cognitively normal (NL) individuals, those who are less physically active and show lower MeDi adherence have brain biomarker abnormalities consistent with AD. Methods: Forty-five NL individuals (age 54 ± 11, 71% women) with complete leisure time physical activity (LTA), dietary information, and cross-sectional 3D T1-weigthed MRI, 11C-Pittsburgh Compound B (PiB) and 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) Positron Emission Tomography (PET) scans were examined. Voxel-wise multivariate partial least square (PLS) regression was used to examine the effects of LTA, MeDi and their interaction on brain biomarkers. Age, gender, ethnicity, education, caloric intake, BMI, family history of AD, Apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotype, presence of hypertension and insulin resistance were examined as confounds. Subjects were dichotomized into more and less physically active (LTA+ vs. LTA-;n = 21 vs. 24), and into higher vs. lower MeDi adherence groups (n = 18 vs. 27) using published scoring methods. Spatial patterns of brain biomarkers that represented the optimal association between the images and the groups were generated for all modalities using voxel-wise multivariate Partial Least Squares (PLS) regression. Results: Groups were comparable for clinical and neuropsychological measures. Independent effects of LTA and MeDi factors were observed in AD-vulnerable brain regions for all modalities (p β load and lower glucose metabolism) were observed in LTA- compared to LTA+ subjects, and in MeDi- as compared to MeDi+ subjects. A gradient effect was observed for all modalities so that LTA+/MeDi+ subjects had the highest and LTA+/MeDi+ subjects had the lowest AD-burden (p < 0.001), although the LTA × MeDi interaction was significant only for FDG measures (p < 0.03). Adjusting for

关键词： Alzheimer’s Disease Mediterranean Diet Physical activity PET Imaging Amyloid Glucose Metabolism MRI Early Detection Brain Aging

Diversity of monogenean parasites in belonid fishes off the Mediterranean Sea with redescription of Aspinatrium gallieni Euzet and Ktari,1971 and Axine belones Abildgaard,1794

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Journal of Coastal Life Medicine 2016年第4期4卷 268-272页

作者： Manel Châari Hela Derbel Lassâd Neifar Laboratory of Biodiversity and Aquatic Ecosystems Department of Life SciencesFaculty of Sciences of SfaxUniversity of SfaxPC 11713000 SfaxTunisia

Objective:To provide informations on the diversity of Monogenea parasitizing belonid fishes from the Mediterranean Sea.Monogenean species Aspinatrium gallieni Euzet and Ktari,1971(A.gallieni)and Axine belones Abildgaard,1794(A.belones)from belonids Tylosurus acus imperialis Rafinesque,1810(T.a.imperialis)and Belone belone Lowe,1839(B.belone)off Tunisian coast were redescribed.Methods:During the sampling period between 2004 and 2009,a total of 624 belonid fish belonging to three species,453 B.belone,45 Belone svetovidovi Collette and Parin,1970 and 126 T.a.imperialis were investigated for monogenean parasites.Results:Five Polyopisthocotylean monogenean parasites species were founded infected belonid fishes from Tunisian coast.These are,Nudaciraxine imperium Châari,Derbel and Neifar,2010,A.belones,Axine sp.,Axinoides sp.(Axinidae)and A.gallieni(Micrcotylidae).Among them,the most prevalent species A.gallieni from the inner gill cover and gill filaments of T.a.imperialis and A.belones from the gills of B.belone were redescribed.A.gallieni represented new host record for T.a.imperialis.A complete list of monogenean parasites found in belonid fishes from our study and those reported from the Mediterranean Sea was presented.Conclusions:This paper enhances the current knowledge of Monogenea infecting belonids off the Mediterranean Sea.It’s the first study on monogenean parasites of the overall belonid fishes off Tunisia.

关键词： Monogenea Diversity Fish Belonidae Tunisia Mediterranean Sea

Cooperative Learning in Mediterranean European Cultural Settings:Taking Classroom Teaching in UMA as an Example

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海外英语 2014年第16期 289-292,294页

作者：侯光海西南科技大学外国语学院外事办西班牙马拉加大学文学院

This paper provides an exploration of cooperative learning(CL) in a Mediterranean European cultural setting, taking classroom teaching in the University of Málaga(UMA) as an example. An important part of the paper is on the definitions of CL, second language acquisition(SLA) and relative literature by scholars or educators home and abroad, such as historical and contemporary views of CL, its development and application in a variety of classrooms, esp. in multi-lingual settings, in UMA. It also puts much emphasis on sociocultural aspects of CL. Besides, this paper compares the application of CL with that in SWUST,one public university in Southwest China. In views of current problems and awkward situations in the application of CL, the paper argues that the qualified teachers and quality monitoring systems are the two major decisive factors that affect the achievement of CL in Spanish institutions. This paper also analyzes the main characteristics of the classroom teaching in Mediterranean European Cultural Settings. Thus, the paper suggests that CL may be one of the most efficient approaches to improving the quality of education in UMA. Finally, the paper concludes with recommendations and suggestions that Spanish institutions train more wellqualified teachers to meet the increasing demand of CL approach in multi-contextual or multi-lingual settings.

关键词： cooperative learning Mediterranean European cultur

Trend in prevalence of uncontrolled total serum cholesterol for cardio-cerebro-vascular disease in a Mediterranean area, 1988/89-2008/09

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World Journal of Cardiology 2013年第11期5卷 420-425页

作者： Vincenzo Capuano Norman Lamaida Ernesto Capuano Maria Immacolata Borrelli Rocco Capuano Elisabetta Notari Anna Grazia Iannone Federica Marchese Matteo Sonderegger Eduardo Capuano Department of Cardiovascular Diseases University Hospital of Salerno-Mercato S.Severino Hospital Local Health Authority

AIM: To examine trends of uncontrolled total serum cholesterol, treatment and control in a Mediterranean region(Campania). METHODS: We considered and compared the data collected as part of "Montecorvino Rovella Project" 1988-1989 and cross-sectional data from the two phases of the "VIP Project-Valle dell'Irno Prevenzione": 1998-1999(1stphase) and 2008-2009(2ndphase), in the 35-74-year-old-population. RESULTS: Data show a reduction of mean cholesterolemia in the last twenty years of 7.3 mg/dL for men and unchanged values for women. In the three surveys the mean values for serum cholesterol are in men: 205.2 ±47.1 mg/dL(1988/89), 200 ± 38.9 mg/dL(1998/99) and 197.9 ± 40.2 mg/dL(2008/09); in the women: 203.1 ± 42.5 mg/dL(1988/89), 198.9 ± 37.9 mg/dL(1998/99) and 203.3 ± 39.3 mg/dL(2008/09). Prevalence of uncontrolled high cholesterol ≥ 240 mg/dL for men decreased from 20.8%(1988/89) to 14.3%(1998/99) and 13.9%(2008/9), P = 0.002; for women the values decreased from 19.9%(1988/89), to 18.2%(1998/99) and 18.1%(2008/09), P = 0.007. Is statistically increased the number of patients treated and those treated to target. CONCLUSION: Encouraging increases in awareness, treatment, and control of hypercholesterolemia occurred from 1988 through 2008. Nevertheless, control of hypercholesterolemia remains poor.

关键词： Mediterranean diet Hypercholesterolemia Drug Heart disease Southern Italy

Breeding phase and outcome determine space use in European rollers Coracias garrulus prior to migration

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Current Zoology 2024年第2期70卷 137-149页

作者： Flavio Monti Sanja Barisic Sebastian Cannarella Davor Cikovic Vesna Tutis JelenaKralj Carlo Catoni aUniversity of Siena Department of Physical SciencesEarth and EnvironmentVia Mattioli 453100 SienaItaly Institute of Ornithology Croatian Academy of Sciences and ArtsGunduliceva 24HR-1000 ZagrebCroatia Ornis italica Piazza Crati 1500199 RomeItaly

The breeding period is a demanding and time-constrained phase for migratory bird species.Breeding outcome and duration can interact with the extent and duration of post-breeding movements,resulting in individual differences in space use ultimately influencing later stages of the annual cycle.We present space-use and home range estimates during the breeding season for 21 European rollers Coracias garrulus tracked between 2018 and 2022,in Italy and Croatia.Using high-resolution spatial GPS data coupled with regular nest-box monitoring,we analyzed dif-ferences in space use during the incubation/nestling period versus post-breeding period prior to migration,accounting for the breeding outcome(successful vs.failure).We found that adult movements were strongly reduced during the first phase,whereas increased in the post-breeding phase,especially for failed breeders.Successful breeders remained in the surroundings of the nest site,whereas unsuccessful ones tended to abandon the nest and visit distant areas(up to 500 km)for long periods(60.5±6.2 days).Breeding outcome did not influence the departure date of autumn migration,suggesting that failed breeders used this period for exploratory movements but not for advancing the onset of migra-tion.Such exploratory movements may be functional to prospect and inform settlement decisions in failed breeders in search of new breeding opportunities and may be particularly important in migratory species,which generally have a limited period to gather information prior to autumn migration.The study demonstrates the need to investigate seasonal movements in different populations and the potential importance of pros-pectingpost-breeding movements for long-distance migratory species.

关键词： animal movement biologging conservation Coracidae Mediterranean nest-box population monitoring prospecting movements reproduction.

Benthic Foraminiferal Density,Species Composition and Biomass in Deep-Sea Atlantic Mediterranean Transect(Transmed Cruise,2007):Preliminary Results

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地学前缘 2009年第S1期16卷 226-226页

作者： Pancotti Irene Sabbatini Anna Morigi Caterina J.Gooday Andrew Alessandra Negri Department of Marine Science Via Brecce Bianche Stratigraphy Department Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland(GEUS) National Oceanography Centre Department of Marine Science

Previous studies on deep modern benthic foraminifera in the Mediterranean Sea are not abundant and generally are focused at the fossilizing polythalamous component of the foraminiferal assemblages.We present preliminary results of living(Rose Bengal stained)benthic foraminiferal faunas in bathyal and abyssal sediments.Benthic foraminiferal density, species composition and biomass are determined at 10 sites across a transect from the

关键词： Mediterranean Sea deep-sea benthic foraminifera foraminifera biomass

Effect of the Mediterranean Diet on BMI in Middle-Aged Hispanic Women with Pre-Obesity and Obesity Central Washington State

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International Journal of Clinical Medicine 2019年第6期10卷 363-378页

作者： Eloy Espinoza School of Public Health Benedictine University Lisle IL USA

Background: Conclusive evidence has yet to emerge regarding the effectiveness and applicability of the Mediterranean diet on middle-aged Hispanic women, the largest female minority group in the United States who is at-risk of metabolic disorders. Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of the Mediterranean diet (MED) on the BMI in middle-aged Hispanic women with pre-obesity and obesity in Central Washington State. Design: A prospective study was performed to determine the effect of Mediterranean diet on the BMI of 67 Hispanic women with pre-obesity and obesity between 45 to 65 years of age in Central Washington State. The study was carried out for eight weeks. Dietary adherence was monitored to ensure consistent results. Results: The proportion of Hispanic women who reported a reduction in BMI was 94%, with a decrease in mean BMI after eight weeks of 2.8 (95% CI: 2.5 to 3.0) and P = 0.02, with an odds ratio of 2.6. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to adjust for age, education, physical activity, and smoking. Conclusion: The reduction in BMI demonstrates that the Mediterranean diet can be a promising, culturally appropriate therapy to address the obesity epidemic that is prevalent among Hispanic women.

关键词： Obesity Hispanics Public Health Mediterranean Diet Chronic Disease Metabolic Disorders Diabetes Type 2 Coronary Heart Disease Primary Prevention

Comparison Analysis of Coastal Adaptation Policies against Climate Change Effects at a National Level,for 4 Mediterranean Countries:France,Greece,Italy and Spain

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Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(A) 2019年第1期8卷 1-15页

作者： Dimitris Kokkinos Panagiotis Prinos School of Civil Engineering Aristotle University of ThessalonikiThessaloniki 54124Greece

The last few years,a proliferation of research efforts,regarding coastal adaptation to CC(Climate Change),has been noted,emphasizing that this policy field is of raising importance in the European continent.Acknowledging the above and,in parallel,a deficit in academic literature of comparison efforts at a national level to date,this paper examined and compared the NAP(National Adaptation Policy)of four MSs(Member States),located in the Mediterranean basin(namely France,Greece,Italy and Spain).The method used,was comparison analysis,which is a valuable tool for a better conceptualization and policy development.The analysis focused on two main comparison dimensions.The first one referred to the process of the creation and evolution of the NAPs,while the second one was associated with their content.The comparison highlighted the incentives and the importance of different stressors that have affected the development of the coastal adaptation policy in each country(administrative structure,role of research community and stakeholder’s involvement).Simultaneously,a different perspective of each NAP was revealed,regarding the inclusion of possible coastal threats,as well as the categorization of possible adaptation measures.Finally,a database of research projects was developed,with participants from these four countries,focusing on coastal protection at national and international scale.The results showed a huge gap in results dissemination,a limited private participation and difficulties in determining the financial resources allocated to research initiatives for the protection of coastal areas,at each country.

关键词： Adaptation coastal zone Mediterranean NAP

Cenozoic Tethyan changes dominated Eurasian animal evolution and diversity patterns

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Zoological Research 2022年第1期43卷 3-13页

作者： Zhe Zhao Zhong-E Hou Shu-Qiang Li Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Evolution Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China

Cenozoic tectonic evolution in the Tethyan region has greatly changed the landforms and environment of Eurasia,driving the evolution of animals and greatly affecting the diversity patterns of Eurasian animals.By combining the latest Tethyan paleogeographic models and some recently published Eurasian zoological studies,we systematically summarize how tectonic evolution in the Tethyan region has influenced the evolution and diversity patterns of Eurasian animals.The convergence of continental plates,closure of Tethys Sea,and Tethyan sea-level changes have directly affected the composition and spatial distribution of Eurasian animal diversity.The topographic and environmental changes caused by Tethyan tectonics have determined regional animal diversity in Eurasia by influencing animal origin,dispersal,preservation,diversification,and extinction.The ecological transformations resulted in the emergence of new habitats and niches,which promoted animal adaptive evolution,specialization,speciation,and expansion.We highlight that the Cenozoic tectonic evolution of the Tethyan region has been responsible for much of the alteration in Eurasian animal distribution and has been an essential force in shaping organic evolution.Furthermore,we generalize a general pattern that Tethyan geological events are linked with Eurasian animal evolution and diversity dynamics.

关键词： Tethys Mediterranean Biogeography Zoogeography Phylogeny