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Therapeutic Potential of the Medicinal plant Tinospora cordifolia–Minireview

Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2022年第6期91卷 1129-1140页

作者： Lohanathan Bharathi Priya Balamuralikrishnan Balasubramanian Balamurugan Shanmugaraj Shanmugam Subbiah Rouh-Mei Hu Chih-Yang Huang Rathinasamy Baskaran Integrative Stem Cell Center China Medical University HospitalTaichung40432Taiwan Department of Food Science and Biotechnology College of Life SciencesSejong UniversitySeoul05006South Korea Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Chulalongkorn UniversityBangkok10100Thailand Department of Zoology School of Life SciencesBharathiar UniversityCoimbatore641046India Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering Asia UniversityTaichung41354Taiwan Centre of General Education Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical FoundationTzu Chi University of Science and TechnologyHualien97004Taiwan Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center Hualien Tzu Chi HospitalBuddhist Tzu Chi Medical FoundationTzu Chi University of Science and TechnologyHualien97004Taiwan Department of Medical Research China Medical University HospitalChina Medical UniversityTaichung40432Taiwan Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology Asia UniversityTaichung41354Taiwan

For thousands of years,plant based herbal medicines have been utilized by millions of people all over the world.plant materials or products are used in different folk/traditional medical systems,such as the Chinese,African and Indian medical systems,like Siddha,Ayurveda,Unani,and Homeopathy.Tinospora cordifolia(TC)is a Medicinal plant belonging to the family Menispermaceae.It is a big deciduous,climbing shrub growing prevalently in the tropical part of Indian subcontinent regions such as India,Pakistan,Nepal,Bhutan,Bangladesh and Srilanka,and in Myanmar,and China.Guduchi,Giloy,Shindilkodi,and Amritha are all the common names for this plant.Extracts from different parts of this herbal plant have been used to treat many diseases.In Ayurvedic medicine,extract from this plant is used for preparing“rasayanas”,which is known to cure diabetes,skin diseases,allergic conditions,jaundice,cardiovascular diseases,rheumatoid arthritis,poisoning,and microbial infections.T.cordifolia has a many bioactive phytochemicals that have been isolated from its aerial parts and roots.Many bioactive principles have been reported from this plant which belong to various classes like alkaloids,aliphatic compounds,diterpenoid lactones,phenolics,flavonoids,glycosides,sesquiterpenoids,lignans,steroids and polysaccharides.T.cordifolia possesses medicinal properties such as antioxidant,antiallergic,antiinflammatory,antimicrobial,antiviral,antidote,antitumor,antileprotic,antispasmodic,and antidiabetic properties.The present review will provide a comprehensive therapeutic potential of T.cordifolia.

关键词： Tinospora cordifolia Medicinal plant alkaloid phytomedicine immunomodulatory

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Roles of endophytic fungi in Medicinal plant abiotic stress response and TCM quality development

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Chinese Herbal Medicines 2024年第2期16卷 204-213页

作者： Jiahao Zhang Jiemiao Lu Yichun Zhu Xiaoxia Shen Bo Zhu Luping Qin School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Zhejiang Chinese Medical University Songyang Institute of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University

Medicinal plants, as medicinal materials and important drug components, have been used in traditional and folk medicine for ages. However, being sessile organisms, they are seriously affected by extreme environmental conditions and abiotic stresses such as salt, heavy metal, temperature, and water stresses.Medicinal plants usually produce specific secondary metabolites to survive such stresses, and these metabolites can often be used for treating human diseases. Recently, Medicinal plants have been found to partner with endophytic fungi to form a long-term, stable, and win–win symbiotic relationship.Endophytic fungi can promote secondary metabolite accumulation in Medicinal plants. The close relationship can improve host plant resistance to the abiotic stresses of soil salinity, drought, and extreme temperatures. Their symbiosis also sheds light on plant growth and active compound production.Here, we show that endophytic fungi can improve the host Medicinal plant resistance to abiotic stress by regulating active compounds, reducing oxidative stress, and regulating the cell ion balance. We also identify the deficiencies and burning issues of available studies and present promising research topics for the future. This review provides guidance for endophytic fungi research to improve the ability of Medicinal plants to resist abiotic stress. It also suggests ideas and methods for active compound accumulation in Medicinal plants and medicinal material development during the response to abiotic stress.

关键词： abiotic stress active compounds endophytic fungus medicinal material development Medicinal plant

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Population Genetic Structure of the Medicinal plant Vitex rotundifolia in China: Implications for its Use and Conservation

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Journal of Integrative plant Biology 2008年第9期50卷 1118-1129页

作者： Yuan Hu Yu Zhu Qiao-Yan Zhang Hai-Liang Xin Lu-Ping Qin Bao-Rong Lu Khalid Rahman Han-Chen Zheng Department of Pharmacognosy School of Pharmacy Second Military Medical University Shanghai 200433 China Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital Beijing 100853 China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China Faculty of Science School of Biomolecular Sciences Liverpool John Moores University Liverpool L3 3AF England UK

Vitex rotundifolia L. is an important plant species used in traditional Chinese medicine. For its efficient use and conservation, genetic diversity and clonal variation of V. rotundifolia populations in China were investigated using inter-simple sequence repeat markers. Fourteen natural populations were included to estimate genetic diversity, and a large population with 135 individuals was used to analyze clonal variation and fine-scale spatial genetic structure. The overall genetic diversity （GD） of V. rotundifolia populations in China was moderate （GD=0.190）, with about 40% within-population variation. Across all populations surveyed, the average within-population diversity was moderate （P = 22.6%; GD = 0.086）. A relatively high genetic differentiation （Gst = 0.587） among populations was detected based on the analysis of molecular variance data. Such characteristics of V. rotundifofia are likely attributed to its sexual/asexual reproduction and limited gene flow. The genotypic diversity （D = 0.992） was greater than the average values of a clonal plant, indicating its significant reproduction through seedlings. Spatial autocorrelation analysis showed a clear within-population structure with gene clusters of approximately 20 m. Genetic diversity patterns of V. rotundifolia in China provide a useful guide for its efficient use and conservation by selecting particular populations displaying greater variation that may contain required medicinal compounds, and by sampling individuals in a population at 〉20 m spatial intervals to avoid collecting individuals with identical or similar genotypes.

关键词： beach vitex Medicinal plant conservation Vitex rotundifolia gene cluster genetic diversity sampling strategy spatial structure.

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Ziziphus mucronata: an underutilized traditional Medicinal plant in Africa

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Forestry Studies in China 2011年第3期13卷 163-172页

作者： Neo C.MOKGOLODI National Engineering Laboratory for Forest Tree Breeding College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology Beijing Forestry University

In Africa, rural people depend heavily, if not exclusively, on Medicinal plants and indigenous healthcare knowledge to meet their medical needs. Over 80000 flowering plant species are used medicinally worldwide. Amongst them are the underutilized Ziziphus species in the Rhamnaceae family. In terms of abundance and economic value, Z. jujuba and Z. mauritiana are currently the most important, especially in China and India where they are cultivated and exploited for medicinal use and their edible fruits. We examined a related common species widely distributed in Africa, Z. mucronata, whose economic value has not, as yet, been explored. Local people in various African countries use its different parts to cure a large number of diseases, many of which are similar to those treated with Z. jujuba and Z. mauritiana. Several studies have shown that Z. mucronata has cyclopeptide alkaloids, i.e., mucronines F, G and H, with antibacterial properties. Conservation strategies to sustain and maximize the benefits of Z. mucronata to people are proposed.

关键词： Africa Medicinal plant traditional remedy underutilization Ziziphus mucronata

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Ecological features of Aconitum balfourii (Bruhl) Muk.-an endangered Medicinal plant in the northwest Himalaya

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Journal of Forestry Research 2012年第1期23卷 145-150页

作者： Bhuwendra Singh R.S. Chauhan Rajiv K. Vashistha M. C. Nautiyal P. Prasad High Altitude plant Physiology Research Centre. PO Box - 14 Hemwati Nandan Bahuguna Garhwal Central University Srinagar Srinagar - 246174 Uttarakhand India

Aconitum balfourii （Bruhl） Muk. （Ranunculaceae） is an en- dangered Medicinal plant. Natural populations were surveyed in the northwest Himalaya for population estimation and evaluation of elite germplasm. Vegetation sampling of quadrats was conducted using the vertical belt transect method in areas supporting A. balfourii. plant den- sity and relative dominance ofA. balfourii were low compared with other alpine species. Threat status was determined on a site-by-site basis as well as for entire western Himalaya..4. balfourii was generally classified as endangered on the basis of geographic distribution and critically en- dangered on the basis of abundance. We found the natural geographic distribution of.4. balfourii to be diminishing due to habitat destruction. Immediate corrective management measures are needed for sustainable utilization and long-term conservation of the species in the wild.

关键词： Endangered species Medicinal plant soil analysis popula-tion estimation Ranunculaceae

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Protein Extraction Methods for Two-Dimensional Electrophoresis from Baphicacanthus cusia(Nees)Bremek Leaves-A Medicinal plant with High Contents of Interfering Compounds

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2010年第10期9卷 1530-1537页

作者： XIANG Xiao-liang NING Shu-ju JIANG Xia GONG Xiao-gui ZHU Ren-lei WEI Dao-zhi School of Life Sciences Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou 350002 P.R. China School of Crop Sciences Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou 350002 P.R. China College of Chemistry and Materials Science Fujian Normal University Fuzhou 350002 P.R. China

Protein extraction is a critical step for two-dimensional electrophoresis （2-DE）. Different plant samples require different and adaptive protein extraction protocols. The leaves of Medicinal plant, Baphicacanthus cusia （Nees） Bremek are notoriously recalcitrant to common protein extraction methods due to high levels of interfering compounds （especially the secondary metabolites and pigments）. This study was aimed to establish a routine procedure for the proteomic analysis ofB. cusia leaves, and a new protocol for the protein extraction was developed by optimizing trichloroacetic acid （TCA）/ acetone extraction method. The efficiency of this protocol was demonstrated by comparison with 3 published protein extraction methods （chloroform/acetone, Mg/NP-40, Tris-base/acetone）. The results showed that the optimized TCA/ acetone precipitation extraction method gave a relatively high protein yield （9.263 mg g^-1 fresh weight）, high-resolution separation, clear protein profiles, the highest proteins spots （1 31 t protein spots）, and displayed less contamination in 2- DE gels. Therefore, the results suggested that the optimized TCA/acetone method was the most effective among the 4 methods for B. cusia leaves.

关键词： Baphicacanthus cusia （Nees） Bremek Medicinal plant protein extraction two-dimensional electrophoresis

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Relationship between age, size, fecundity and climatic factors in Panax wangianus an endangered Medicinal plant in the sacred grove forest of North-East India

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Journal of Forestry Research 2011年第3期22卷 427-435页

作者： N. Venugopal Preeti Ahuja plant Anatomy Lab Department of Botany North-Eastern Hill University Shillong-793022 Meghalaya India

Panax wangianus （Syn. Panax pseudoginseng） S. C. Sun （Araliaceae） is a critically endangered, Medicinal plant of North-East India. The objective of this study was to determine how plant size affects flowering phenology and to evaluate the effect of climatic factors on flowering, fruiting and seed production. Data on vegetative and repro- ductive characters were monitored from 2016 individuals of Panax wangianus population in Law Lyngdoh, Smit sacred grove in Nongkrem, Shillong, India. Leaflet area was measured by a planimeter. Size variables of both vegetative and reproductive traits in different age classes were measured. Climatic factors were recorded from 2007 to 2009. Age was recorded by counting the number of bud scale scars on the rhizome. Light intensity and relative humidity were measured using a photometer, LiCor Model LI-189 and thermohygrometer respectively. Different climatic variables are correlated with vegetative and reproductive phenological events. Statistical analysis revealed that a strong positive correlation was observed between the age versus vegetative and reproductive characters, except 1%–2% plants showed neoteny. Morphological variations were observed in natural conditions on the basis of the number of prong and carpellate conditions. Phenological status revealed that most of the individuals of the age class 35–50 years and above 50 years contributed the most to flowering, fruiting and seed production. Age class was significant to predict the size of the plant and its reproductive capacity. Climatic factors such as temperature, precipitation and relative humidity show synergistic effect on both the vegetative and reproductive phases in Panax wangianus in the undisturbed Nongkrem sacred grove. The color of flowers of P. wangianus also varied depending upon the sunlight intensity. Therefore, in the view of conservationand management, the age class of 35–50 years and above 50 years is the most important for population sustainability.

关键词： Panax wangianus Medicinal plant North-East India Nongkrem sacred grove climatic factors vegetative and reproductive relationship with age

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Interaction Effect of Auxin and Cytokinin on in Vitro Shoot Regeneration and Rooting of Endangered Medicinal plant Valeriana jatamansi Jones through Tissue Culture

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American Journal of plant Sciences 2022年第2期13卷 223-240页

作者： Urooj Nazir Zishan Gul Ghulam Mujtaba Shah Nayyar Iqbal Khan Department of Botany Hazara University Mansehra Mansehra Pakistan Hazara Agriculture Research Station Abbottabad Pakistan

Micropropagation of Valeriana jatamansi Jones by using small segments of rhizome on full strength MS medium having various concentrations and combinations of auxin Naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and cytokinin Benzylaminopurine (BAP) was conducted. The highest mean shoot length (3.71 cm) was achieved when media was fortified with BAP 2 mg/L in combination with NAA 1 mg/L. The highest mean leaf number i.e. 6.00 was observed when BAP was used alone at 2 mg/L. Average root length (0.77 cm) was recorded when BAP 1.5 mg/L along with NAA 0.5 mg/L was used. Maximum mean root numbers 2.57 were obtained when BAP and NAA were used at equal concentrations i.e. 1.5 mg/L. Observed data demonstrated that BAP up to 1 mg/L, 1.5 mg/L and 2 mg/L promotes shoot length, leaf number and leaf growth when used along with NAA at 0 mg/L, 0.5 mg/L and 1 mg/L. However lower quantities of both NAA (0 mg/L, 0.5 mg/L) and BAP (1 mg/L and 1.5 mg/L) produced significantly higher root length of Valeriana jatamansi Jones but the higher concentrations of plant growth hormones BAP (2 mg/L, 3 mg/L) and NAA (1 mg/L, 1.5 mg/L) were found unfavorable for increase in root length but the root number increases at higher concentration of NAA (1 mg/L and 1.5 mg/L).

关键词： Valeriana jatamansi Medicinal plant Tissue Culture NAA BAP

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Microsatellite loci isolation and population genetic analysis in the endangered Medicinal plant Coptis Omeiensis

Microsatellite loci isolation and population genetic analysi...

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2010年中国药学大会暨第十届中国药师周

作者： Juan Hu1,Qingjun Yuan1,Aijuan Shao1,Liangke Song2,Luqi Huang 1 1 Laboratory of Molecular Pharmaceutics,Institute of Chinese Materia Medica,China Academy of Chinese medicinal Sciences,Beijing 100700,China 2 Department of Life sciences and Engineering,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu,610031,China Corresponding author

Polymorphic simple sequence repeat （SSR） markers were isolated and used to genetic analysis of Coptis Omeiensis, a critically endangered perennial herbaceous Medicinal plant with a limited distribution in Mount Emei in China. Intrapopulation genetic diversity, population structure and gene flow in the six remnant populations and a transplanted population by five fluorescent SSR markers. The population structure analysis provided convincing evidence for the presence of two independent populations in Coptis Omeiensis implemented in STRUCTURE program, which confirmed by the chloroplast data. A relatively high degree of genetic diversity （A = 4.7;HO = 0.397 and HE = 0.588） were detected in the remnant population. A low gene flow Nm = 0.8812 and recent declined population size in four of the six remnant populations were observed by BOTTLENECK program. Significant genetic differentiations among populations were found based on Wright?s FST and AMOVA analysis. High FIS was calculated in four of the six populations and inbreeding depression was observed in the wild. A clear riparian-mountain landscape structure was also discussed in the present study. Both in situ and ex situ conservation management for the remnant populations of Coptis Omeiensis are urgently needed to rescue the remaining genetic diversity.

关键词： Coptis Omeiensis Medicinal plant genetic variation habitat fragmentation microsatellite markers conservation

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Garlic:Medicinal plant and Natural Aromatic Condiment

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Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology 2021年第12期9卷 414-419页

作者： Alexis Ruiz León Regina de Caridad Rodríguez Muñoz Ana Elena Rodríguez Cadalso Luis Pablo Ibáñez Silva Eduardo RafaelÁguila Turiño Lesvia Leonides Rodríguez Galdó Úrsula Cristina Pomares Ortega General Hospital Tomás Carreras Galeano Unit Trinidad 62600Sanctis SpíritusCuba Municipal University Center“Julio Antonio Mella”and Filial of Medical Sciences“Elena Fernández de Castro”Units Sanctis SpíritusCuba

Objective:To relate the presence of active metabolites with therapeutic effects of the Allium sativum L whose common name is Garlic,as well as its contraindications and adverse reactions and its use as condiment.Methods:Searching about the topic in the last 5 years and present a general view of the Allium sativum L whose common name is Garlic.Conclusions:Technological prevision was based on the search of articles in the Virtual Library in Health(BVS)and using the key words“Medicinal plants”/“spice”/Allium sativum L/garlic/adverse reactions and contraindications,and the association among them.

关键词： Medicinal plant Allium sativum L Garlic spice adverse reactions contraindications

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