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Roles of endophytic fungi in medicinal plant abiotic stress response and TCM quality development

Chinese Herbal Medicines 2024年第2期16卷 204-213页

作者： Jiahao Zhang Jiemiao Lu Yichun Zhu Xiaoxia Shen Bo Zhu Luping Qin School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Zhejiang Chinese Medical UniversityHangzhou 310053China Songyang Institute of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University Songyang 323400China

medicinal plants,as medicinal materials and important drug components,have been used in traditional and folk medicine for ages.However,being sessile organisms,they are seriously affected by extreme environmental conditions and abiotic stresses such as salt,heavy metal,temperature,and water stresses.medicinal plants usually produce specific secondary metabolites to survive such stresses,and these metabolites can often be used for treating human diseases.Recently,medicinal plants have been found to partner with endophytic fungi to form a long-term,stable,and win-win symbiotic relationship.Endophytic fungi can promote secondary metabolite accumulation in medicinal plants.The close relationship can improve host plant resistance to the abiotic stresses of soil salinity,drought,and extreme temperatures.Their symbiosis also sheds light on plant growth and active compound production.Here,we show that endophytic fungi can improve the host medicinal plant resistance to abiotic stress by regulating active compounds,reducing oxidative stress,and regulating the cell ion balance.We also identify the deficiencies and burning issues of available studies and present promising research topics for the future.This review provides guidance for endophytic fungi research to improve the ability of medicinal plants to resist abiotic stress.It also suggests ideas and methods for active compound accumulation in medicinal plants and medicinal material development during the response to abiotic stress.

关键词： abiotic stress active compounds endophytic fungus medicinal material development medicinal plant

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A perspective review on the biosynthesis of plant-based secondary metabolites and their application as potent drugs

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BIOCELL 2024年第4期48卷 541-557页

作者： JHILAM PRAMANIK AKASH KUMAR SARVESH RUSTAGI MEHAK KATYAL SHEETAL THAKUR JUTISHNA BORA SUMIRA MALIK ANCHAL TREHAN NAYAN TALUKDAR PETR SLAMA Department of Food Technology ITM UniversityGwaliorIndia Department of Food Technology SRM UniversitySonipatIndia Department of Food Technology Uttaranchal UniversityDehradunIndia Department of Nutrition and Dietetics Manav Rachna International Institute of Research&Studies(MRIIRS)FaridabadIndia University Centre for Research and Development UIBTChandigarh UniversityMohaliIndia Amity institute of Biotechnology Amity UniversityJharkhandRanchiIndia Department of Biotechnology University Center for Research&Development(UCRD)Chandigarh UniversityMohaliPunjabIndia Department of Science Guru Nanak College of Pharmaceutical SciencesDehradunIndia Program of Biotechnology Faculty of ScienceAssam down town UniversityGuwahatiIndia Department of Animal Morphology Physiology and GeneticsMendel University in BrnoBrnoCzech Republic

Many phytochemicals and their derived metabolites produced by plants are extensively employed in commercial goods,pharmaceutical products as well as in the environmental and medicalﬁelds.However,these secondary metabolites obtained from plants are in low amounts,and it is difﬁcult to synthesize them at the industrial level.Despite these challenges,they may be utilized for a variety of medicinal products that are either available in the market or are being researched and tested.Secondary metabolites are complex compounds that exhibit chirality.Further,under controlled conditions with elicitors,desired secondary metabolites may be produced from plant cell cultures.This review emphasizes the various aspects of secondary metabolites including their types,synthesis,and applications as medicinal products.The article aims to promote the use of plant secondary metabolites in the management and treatment of various diseases.

关键词： Secondary metabolites medicinal plant Synthesis Health benefits

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Rhizosphere microbes influence wogonoside accumulation in perennial Scutellaria baicalensis

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Pedosphere 2024年第3期34卷 553-566页

作者： Yang SUN Hong LIU Junwei PENG Minchong SHEN Yang HU Dongsheng YU Jiangang LI Yuanhua DONG CAS Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008(China) University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049(China) Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Qingdao 266101(China)

Dried roots of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi are an acclaimed traditional Chinese medicine,and wogonoside content is a key indicator used to evaluate S.baicalensis quality.Rather than rising linearly with cultivation years,S.baicalensis quality initially increases and then declines.However,little is known regarding the dynamic variations in S.baicalensis rhizosphere microorganisms under long-term cultivation and underlying mechanisms of their effects on wogonoside formation and accumulation.The aim of this study was to investigate the roles of soil nutrients and rhizosphere microbes on S.baicalensis quality across different cultivation years(1-4 years).The wogonoside content(25.14 mg g^(-1))was highest in the biennial S.baicalensis and then decreased following long-term cultivation.Most soil nutrients(available nitrogen,available phosphorus,available iron,available manganese,and available zinc)were reduced significantly as cultivation years increased.Time also affected rhizosphere bacterial community structure significantly,driving it toward deterministic process(i.e.,β-nearest taxon indexmedicinal plants.

关键词： bacterial diversity medicinal plant rhizosphere bacterial community soil nutrient wogonoside content wogonoside formation

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Effects of Flowering Mode and Pollinator Sharing on Reproductive Success in Natural Hybrid of Two Epimedium(Berberidaceae)Species

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2024年第3期93卷 551-566页

作者： Lanying Chen Qiumei Quan Yunxiang Li College of Life Sciences China West Normal UniversityNanchong637000China School of Ecology and Environment Tibet UniversityLasha850000China College of Environment Science and Engineering China West Normal UniversityNanchong637000China

Mediated by pollenﬂow,natural hybridization is deemed a crucial factor that propels speciation inﬂoral plants.Despite the fact that the diversity of Epimedium species is concentrated mainly in Southwestern China,the poten-tial impact of interspeciﬁc pollination on natural hybridization has yet to be empirically scrutinized.To explore this,we studied theﬂowering period and the visitors ofﬂowers in three frequently overlapping Epimedium species at Jinchengshan National Forest Park,located in Nanchong,Sichuan Province.Additionally,we performed a ser-ies of pollination experiments to examine breeding systems and hybrid compatibility.Morphologically,Epime-dium pubescens and Epimedium wushanense are clearly distinct and easily recognizable byﬂower morphology,while the putative hybrid is morphologically intermediate between them.Our observation revealed that E.pub-escens and E.wushanense had 15 days of overlapping anthesis.Both species are self-incompatible and require pol-linator services for successful reproduction.Although their pollinators differ in quantity and species,Lasioglossum sp.(Hymenoptera:Halictidae)visited all three species.Artiﬁcial pollination revealed no breeding barriers among the three species,and the resulting hybrid seeds exhibited fertility.The overlapping time ofﬂowering,commonﬂoral visitors,and compatibility of hybrids may be important factors contributing to successful interspeciﬁc pol-lination and speciation for natural hybrid species of E.pubescens and E.wushanense.Consequently,the role of potential interspeciﬁc pollination is crucial for hybrid speciation and the evolutionary dynamics of Epimedium species.

关键词： Breeding system ﬂoral visitor medicinal plant species evolution

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Therapeutic Potential of the medicinal plant Tinospora cordifolia–Minireview

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2022年第6期91卷 1129-1140页

作者： Lohanathan Bharathi Priya Balamuralikrishnan Balasubramanian Balamurugan Shanmugaraj Shanmugam Subbiah Rouh-Mei Hu Chih-Yang Huang Rathinasamy Baskaran Integrative Stem Cell Center China Medical University HospitalTaichung40432Taiwan Department of Food Science and Biotechnology College of Life SciencesSejong UniversitySeoul05006South Korea Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Chulalongkorn UniversityBangkok10100Thailand Department of Zoology School of Life SciencesBharathiar UniversityCoimbatore641046India Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering Asia UniversityTaichung41354Taiwan Centre of General Education Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical FoundationTzu Chi University of Science and TechnologyHualien97004Taiwan Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center Hualien Tzu Chi HospitalBuddhist Tzu Chi Medical FoundationTzu Chi University of Science and TechnologyHualien97004Taiwan Department of Medical Research China Medical University HospitalChina Medical UniversityTaichung40432Taiwan Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology Asia UniversityTaichung41354Taiwan

For thousands of years,plant based herbal medicines have been utilized by millions of people all over the world.plant materials or products are used in different folk/traditional medical systems,such as the Chinese,African and Indian medical systems,like Siddha,Ayurveda,Unani,and Homeopathy.Tinospora cordifolia(TC)is a medicinal plant belonging to the family Menispermaceae.It is a big deciduous,climbing shrub growing prevalently in the tropical part of Indian subcontinent regions such as India,Pakistan,Nepal,Bhutan,Bangladesh and Srilanka,and in Myanmar,and China.Guduchi,Giloy,Shindilkodi,and Amritha are all the common names for this plant.Extracts from different parts of this herbal plant have been used to treat many diseases.In Ayurvedic medicine,extract from this plant is used for preparing“rasayanas”,which is known to cure diabetes,skin diseases,allergic conditions,jaundice,cardiovascular diseases,rheumatoid arthritis,poisoning,and microbial infections.T.cordifolia has a many bioactive phytochemicals that have been isolated from its aerial parts and roots.Many bioactive principles have been reported from this plant which belong to various classes like alkaloids,aliphatic compounds,diterpenoid lactones,phenolics,flavonoids,glycosides,sesquiterpenoids,lignans,steroids and polysaccharides.T.cordifolia possesses medicinal properties such as antioxidant,antiallergic,antiinflammatory,antimicrobial,antiviral,antidote,antitumor,antileprotic,antispasmodic,and antidiabetic properties.The present review will provide a comprehensive therapeutic potential of T.cordifolia.

关键词： Tinospora cordifolia medicinal plant alkaloid phytomedicine immunomodulatory

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Antioxidant effects of the aqueous extract of turmeric against hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative stress in spotted seabass(Lateolabrax maculatus)

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2024年第1期9卷 71-77页

作者： Zhe Wang Xiuqin Wang Xueshan Li Kangle Lu Ling Wang Xuekun Ma Kai Song Chunxiao Zhang Xiamen Key Laboratory for Feed Quality Testing and Safety Evaluation Fisheries College of Jimei UniversityXiamen361021China Guangdong Yuehai Feed Group Co. Ltd.GuangdongZhanjiang524000China

Intensive aquaculture-induced oxidative stress is detrimental to fish health and yield.medicinal plants show promise as natural health boosters and antioxidants in the aquaculture industry.Therefore,this work investigated the effects of turmeric aqueous extract(TAE)on the growth performance,antioxidant status,and hydrogen peroxide(H2O2)-induced oxidative stress in spotted seabass(Lateolabrax maculatus).Fish were fed diets supplemented with 0(Con),2(TAE2),or 4(TAE4)g/kg TAE for eight weeks,then were injected with H2O2.The results showed that dietary supplementation of TAE did not affect fish growth,feed utilization,or body composition.TAE treatment increased liver antioxidant enzyme activities and decreased liver malondialdehyde content and serum levels of glutamate oxalate transaminase,glutamate pyruvate transaminase,and lactate dehydrogenase.Furthermore,the increases in mortality,liver malondialdehyde content,and serum biomarkers of liver injury in the H2O2-treated fish were inhibited as a consequence of the TAE treatment.In addition,TAE treatment activated the Nrf2/Keap1 pathway in the liver,supported by the up-regulated expression of nrf2,ho-1,and gclc,and down-regulated keap1 expression.Overall,dietary incorporation of TAE protected against H2O2-induced oxidative stress in spotted seabass probably by enhancing antioxidant capacity through the Nrf2/Keap1 pathway.

关键词： Turmeric medicinal plant Hydrogen peroxide Oxidative stress Lateolabrax maculatus

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Population Genetic Structure of the medicinal plant Vitex rotundifolia in China: Implications for its Use and Conservation

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Journal of Integrative plant Biology 2008年第9期50卷 1118-1129页

作者： Yuan Hu Yu Zhu Qiao-Yan Zhang Hai-Liang Xin Lu-Ping Qin Bao-Rong Lu Khalid Rahman Han-Chen Zheng Department of Pharmacognosy School of Pharmacy Second Military Medical University Shanghai 200433 China Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital Beijing 100853 China Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China Faculty of Science School of Biomolecular Sciences Liverpool John Moores University Liverpool L3 3AF England UK

Vitex rotundifolia L. is an important plant species used in traditional Chinese medicine. For its efficient use and conservation, genetic diversity and clonal variation of V. rotundifolia populations in China were investigated using inter-simple sequence repeat markers. Fourteen natural populations were included to estimate genetic diversity, and a large population with 135 individuals was used to analyze clonal variation and fine-scale spatial genetic structure. The overall genetic diversity （GD） of V. rotundifolia populations in China was moderate （GD=0.190）, with about 40% within-population variation. Across all populations surveyed, the average within-population diversity was moderate （P = 22.6%; GD = 0.086）. A relatively high genetic differentiation （Gst = 0.587） among populations was detected based on the analysis of molecular variance data. Such characteristics of V. rotundifofia are likely attributed to its sexual/asexual reproduction and limited gene flow. The genotypic diversity （D = 0.992） was greater than the average values of a clonal plant, indicating its significant reproduction through seedlings. Spatial autocorrelation analysis showed a clear within-population structure with gene clusters of approximately 20 m. Genetic diversity patterns of V. rotundifolia in China provide a useful guide for its efficient use and conservation by selecting particular populations displaying greater variation that may contain required medicinal compounds, and by sampling individuals in a population at 〉20 m spatial intervals to avoid collecting individuals with identical or similar genotypes.

关键词： beach vitex medicinal plant conservation Vitex rotundifolia gene cluster genetic diversity sampling strategy spatial structure.

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Interaction Effect of Auxin and Cytokinin on in Vitro Shoot Regeneration and Rooting of Endangered medicinal plant Valeriana jatamansi Jones through Tissue Culture

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American Journal of plant Sciences 2022年第2期13卷 223-240页

作者： Urooj Nazir Zishan Gul Ghulam Mujtaba Shah Nayyar Iqbal Khan Department of Botany Hazara University Mansehra Mansehra Pakistan Hazara Agriculture Research Station Abbottabad Pakistan

Micropropagation of Valeriana jatamansi Jones by using small segments of rhizome on full strength MS medium having various concentrations and combinations of auxin Naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) and cytokinin Benzylaminopurine (BAP) was conducted. The highest mean shoot length (3.71 cm) was achieved when media was fortified with BAP 2 mg/L in combination with NAA 1 mg/L. The highest mean leaf number i.e. 6.00 was observed when BAP was used alone at 2 mg/L. Average root length (0.77 cm) was recorded when BAP 1.5 mg/L along with NAA 0.5 mg/L was used. Maximum mean root numbers 2.57 were obtained when BAP and NAA were used at equal concentrations i.e. 1.5 mg/L. Observed data demonstrated that BAP up to 1 mg/L, 1.5 mg/L and 2 mg/L promotes shoot length, leaf number and leaf growth when used along with NAA at 0 mg/L, 0.5 mg/L and 1 mg/L. However lower quantities of both NAA (0 mg/L, 0.5 mg/L) and BAP (1 mg/L and 1.5 mg/L) produced significantly higher root length of Valeriana jatamansi Jones but the higher concentrations of plant growth hormones BAP (2 mg/L, 3 mg/L) and NAA (1 mg/L, 1.5 mg/L) were found unfavorable for increase in root length but the root number increases at higher concentration of NAA (1 mg/L and 1.5 mg/L).

关键词： Valeriana jatamansi medicinal plant Tissue Culture NAA BAP

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Protein Extraction Methods for Two-Dimensional Electrophoresis from Baphicacanthus cusia(Nees)Bremek Leaves-A medicinal plant with High Contents of Interfering Compounds

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2010年第10期9卷 1530-1537页

作者： XIANG Xiao-liang NING Shu-ju JIANG Xia GONG Xiao-gui ZHU Ren-lei WEI Dao-zhi School of Life Sciences Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou 350002 P.R. China School of Crop Sciences Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou 350002 P.R. China College of Chemistry and Materials Science Fujian Normal University Fuzhou 350002 P.R. China

Protein extraction is a critical step for two-dimensional electrophoresis （2-DE）. Different plant samples require different and adaptive protein extraction protocols. The leaves of medicinal plant, Baphicacanthus cusia （Nees） Bremek are notoriously recalcitrant to common protein extraction methods due to high levels of interfering compounds （especially the secondary metabolites and pigments）. This study was aimed to establish a routine procedure for the proteomic analysis ofB. cusia leaves, and a new protocol for the protein extraction was developed by optimizing trichloroacetic acid （TCA）/ acetone extraction method. The efficiency of this protocol was demonstrated by comparison with 3 published protein extraction methods （chloroform/acetone, Mg/NP-40, Tris-base/acetone）. The results showed that the optimized TCA/ acetone precipitation extraction method gave a relatively high protein yield （9.263 mg g^-1 fresh weight）, high-resolution separation, clear protein profiles, the highest proteins spots （1 31 t protein spots）, and displayed less contamination in 2- DE gels. Therefore, the results suggested that the optimized TCA/acetone method was the most effective among the 4 methods for B. cusia leaves.

关键词： Baphicacanthus cusia （Nees） Bremek medicinal plant protein extraction two-dimensional electrophoresis

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Ziziphus mucronata: an underutilized traditional medicinal plant in Africa

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Forestry Studies in China 2011年第3期13卷 163-172页

作者： Neo C.MOKGOLODI National Engineering Laboratory for Forest Tree Breeding College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology Beijing Forestry University

In Africa, rural people depend heavily, if not exclusively, on medicinal plants and indigenous healthcare knowledge to meet their medical needs. Over 80000 flowering plant species are used medicinally worldwide. Amongst them are the underutilized Ziziphus species in the Rhamnaceae family. In terms of abundance and economic value, Z. jujuba and Z. mauritiana are currently the most important, especially in China and India where they are cultivated and exploited for medicinal use and their edible fruits. We examined a related common species widely distributed in Africa, Z. mucronata, whose economic value has not, as yet, been explored. Local people in various African countries use its different parts to cure a large number of diseases, many of which are similar to those treated with Z. jujuba and Z. mauritiana. Several studies have shown that Z. mucronata has cyclopeptide alkaloids, i.e., mucronines F, G and H, with antibacterial properties. Conservation strategies to sustain and maximize the benefits of Z. mucronata to people are proposed.

关键词： Africa medicinal plant traditional remedy underutilization Ziziphus mucronata

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