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The underlying mechanism of variety–water–nitrogen–stubble damage interactions on yield formation in ratoon rice with low stubble height under mechanized harvesting

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第3期23卷 806-823页

作者： Jingnan Zou Ziqin Pang Zhou Li Chunlin Guo Hongmei Lin Zheng Li Hongfei Chen Jinwen Huang Ting Chen Hailong Xu Bin Qin Puleng Letuma Weiwei Lin Wenxiong Lin College of Life Sciences Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University(FAFU)/Fujian Key Laboratory for Agroecological Processes and Safety MonitoringFuzhou 350002China College of Agriculture FAFU/Fujian Key Laboratory for Crop Physiology and Molecular EcologyFuzhou 350002China Institute of Oceanography College of Geography and OceanographyMinjiang UniversityFuzhou 350108China Crop Science Department The National University of LesothoRoma 00100Lesotho The Agricultural Extension Station of Pucheng County Nanping 353400China

Agronomic measures are the key to promote the sustainable development of ratoon rice by reducing the damage from mechanical crushing to the residual stubble of the main crop, thereby mitigating the impact on axillary bud sprouting and yield formation in ratoon rice. This study used widely recommended conventional rice Jiafuzhan and hybrid rice Yongyou 2640 as the test materials to conduct a four-factor block design field experiment in a greenhouse of the experimental farm of Fujian Agricultural and Forestry University, China from 2018 to *** treatments included fertilization and no fertilization, alternate wetting and drying irrigation and continuous water flooding irrigation, and plots with and without artificial crushing damage on the rice stubble. At the same time, a 13C stable isotope in-situ detection technology was used to fertilize the pot experiment. The results showed significant interactions among varieties, water management, nitrogen application and stubble *** to the long-term water flooding treatment, the treatment with sequential application of nitrogen fertilizer coupled with moderate field drought for root-vigor and tiller promotion before and after harvesting of the main crop, significantly improved the effective tillers from low position nodes. This in turn increased the effective panicles per plant and grains per panicle by reducing the influence of artificial crushing damage on rice stubble and achieving a high yield of the regenerated rice. Furthermore, the partitioning of 13C assimilates to the residual stubble and its axillary buds were significantly improved at the mature stage of the main crop, while the translocation rate to roots and rhizosphere soil was reduced at the later growth stage of ratooning season rice. This was triggered by the metabolism of hormones and polyamines at the stem base regulated by the interaction of water and fertilizer at this time. We therefore suggest that to achieve a high yield of ratoon rice

关键词： mechanized harvesting ratoon rice rice stubble yield attributes

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Recent progress and future prospects for mechanized harvesting of fruit crops with shaking systems

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2023年第1期16卷 1-13页

作者： Yingjun Pu Shuming Wang Fuzeng Yang Reza Ehsani Lijun Zhao Chengsong Li Shouyong Xie Mingjin Yang College of Engineering and Technology Southwest UniversityChongqing 400715China Chongqing Key Laboratory of Agricultural Equipment for Hilly and Mountainous Regions Chongqing 400715China Key Laboratory of Horticulture Science for Southern Mountains Regions of Ministry of Education College of Horticulture and LandscapeArchitectureSouthwest UniversityChongqing 400716China College of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100ShaanxiChina School of Engineering University of CaliforniaMercedCA 95343USA

mechanized harvesting technologies with shaking systems for fruit industry have been widely investigated and significantly developed over the past several decades which were presented by a large amount of *** paper reviews the research and development progress of mechanized harvesting of fruits systematically with a focus on the theoretical study,fruit crop variety,shaking system categories,abscission chemical agents,and their actual *** on the comprehensive review,mechanized harvesting systems for different fruit crops appear multifarious shaking modes with various vibratory mechanisms and structural *** advantages in the development of fruit mechanical harvesting with effective vibratory patterns and catching frames provide a series of economic and agronomic benefits,such as reducing labor costs,promoting standardized planting,and increasing ***,fruit injury and tree damage are the main reasons why mechanical shaking systems are rarely used for fresh fruit harvesting because of tenderness and frangibility of the fruit ***,more efforts should be concentrated on the innovative shake-and-catch system with suitable frequency and amplitude to achieve low fruit damage or even nondestructive harvesting for fresh fruit *** overview summarized the advantages and bottlenecks of these shaking systems for fruit harvesting and proposed the challenges and some constructive prospective viewpoints aimed at the major issues of mechanical harvesting *** addition,employing sorting technologies to classify the postharvest fruits provide a new direction for the further development of mechanized harvesting in high-value fruit crops,as well as bring more benefits to growers and increase their interest in equipment investment on the mechanical shaking harvester for the fruit industry.

关键词： fruit crop mechanized harvesting shaking system fruit injury postharvest classification

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Visible Losses in mechanized harvesting of Sugarcane Using the Case IH A4000 Harvester

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2014年第18期5卷 2734-2740页

作者： Carmen Maria Coimbra Manhaes Ricardo Ferreira Garcia Francisco Maurício Alves Francelino Delorme Correa Junior Cristobal Soto Solano Helenilson de Oliveira Francelino Laboratory of Agricultural Engineering State University of North Fluminense Darcy RibeiroCampos dos GoytacazesBrazil

Sugarcane is a major Brazilian agricultural product. The area cultivated in the state of Rio de Janeiro for the 2011-12 crop was of 41.31 thousand hectares. The process of mechanized harvesting of the crop still has many visible losses of raw materials caused by several factors. This study aimed at evaluating the visible losses of sugarcane and ratoon damage using the Case A4000 harvester and was conducted in the municipality of Campos dos Goytacazes, in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The materials left on the field by the harvester were collected in six ratoon cane rows, with a length of 350 m, setting the frame sampling to every 50 m. The sampling area consisted of 20 m2, with eight repetitions. The losses were calculated in t·ha-1 and in %. The comparison of averages was performed by using the confidence interval, constructed by statistical “t” at 5% probability to compare the types of losses. The estimated productivity of the area was of 54 t·ha-1. The differences between the types of losses were significant. The billets and splinters were found in greater quantity.

关键词： Saccharum spp. Green Cane mechanized harvesting

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OsGRF4 controls grain shape, panicle length and seed shattering in rice

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2016年第10期58卷 836-847页

作者： Pingyong Sun Wuhan Zhang Yihua Wang Qiang He Fu Shu Hai Liu Jie Wang Jianmin Wang Longping Yuan Huafeng Deng College of Agronomy Hunan Agricultural University Changsha 410128 China State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center Hunan Academy of Agricultural Sciences Changsha 410125 China Collaborative Innovation Center of Grain and Oil Crops in South China Changsha 410128 China China National Japonica Rice Research and Development Center Tianjin 300457 China State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing 210095 China.

Traits such as grain shape, panicle length and seed shattering, play important roles in grain yield and harvest. In this study, the cloning and functional analysis of PANICLE TRAITS 2 （PT2）, a novel gene from the Indica rice Chuandali （CDL）, is reported. PT2 is synonymous with Growth-Regulating Factor 4 （OsGRF4）, which encodes a growth-regulating factor that positively regulates grain shape and panicle length and negatively regulates seed shattering. Higher expression of OsGRF4 is correlated with larger grain, longer panicle and lower seed shattering. A unique OsGRF4 mutation, which occurs at the OsmiRNA396 target site of OsGRF4, seems to be associated with high levels of OsGRF4 expression, and results in phenotypic difference. Further research showed that OsGRF4 regulated two cytokinin dehydrogenase precursor genes （CKX5 and CKX1） resulting in increased cytokinin levels, which might affect the panicle traits. High storage capacity and moderate seed shattering of OsGRF4 may be useful in high-yield breeding and mechanized harvesting of rice. Our findings provide additional insight into the molecular basis of panicle growth.

关键词： High-yield breeding mechanized harvesting OsmiRNA396 panicle traits plant growth regulator

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