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Male horseshoe crabs Limulus polyphemus use multiple sensory cues to locate mates

Current Zoology 2010年第5期56卷 485-498页

作者： Katharine M.SAUNDERS H.Jane BROCKMANN Winsor H.WATSON Ⅲ Steven H.JURY Department of Biology University of Florida Department of Biological Sciences University of New Hampshire Biology Department Bates College

The use of multisensory cues to locate mates can increase an organism＇s success by acting as a back-up plan when one system fails, by providing additional information to the receiver, and by increasing their ability to detect mates using senses that have different ranges in a variable aquatic environment. In this contribution we review the sensory cues that male horseshoe crabs Lirnulus polyphemus are known to use when locating mates and then provide new data that shed light on this subject. Dur- ing the breeding season, females migrate into shore during high tides to spawn. Males attach to females as they approach the beach or are attracted to pairs already spawning. Vision is well established as an important cue in attracting males. Although chemoreception is well known in other marine arthropods, and horseshoe crabs have the anatomy available, there are few studies on chemical cues in this species. Experiments are presented here that provide evidence for chemical cue use. We show that the attraction, and retention, of attached and satellite males to actively spawning females and mating pairs involves multimodal cues

关键词： Multimodal communication Horseshoe crabs Sensory system mating cues

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Sexual selection and magic traits in speciation with gene flow

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Current Zoology 2012年第3期58卷 510-516页

作者： Maria R. SERVEDIO Michael KOPP Department of Biology University of North Carolina Chapel Hill NC 27599 USA Mathematics and Biosciences Group Max F. Perutz Laboratories and Faculty of Mathematics University of Vienna NordbergstraBe 15 A-1090 Vienna Austria Present address： Aix-Marseille University UMR-CNRS 6632 Evolutionary Biology and Modeling 3 Place Victor Hugo 13331 Marseille France

The extent to which sexual selection is involved in speciation with gene flow remains an open question and the sub- ject of much research. Here, we propose that some insight can be gained from considering the concept of magic traits （i.e., traits involved in both reproductive isolation and ecological divergence）. Both magic traits and other, ＂non-magic＂, traits can contribute to speciation via a number of specific mechanisms. We argue that many of these mechanisms are likely to differ widely in the ex- tent to which they involve sexual selection. Furthermore, in some cases where sexual selection is present, it may be prone to in- hibit rather than drive speciation. Finally, there are a priori reasons to believe that certain categories of traits are much more ef- fective than others in driving speciation. The combination of these points suggests a classification of traits that may shed light on the broader role of sexual selection in speciation with gene flow. In particular, we suggest that sexual selection can act as a driver of speciation in some scenarios, but may play a negligible role in potentially common categories of magic traits, and may be likely to inhibit speciation in common categories of non-magic traits [Current Zoology 58 （3）： 510-516, 2012].

关键词： Assortative mating Divergent selection Ecological selection mating cues Non-random mating Preferences

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