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Thermal apoptosis analysis considering injection behavior optimization and mass diffusion during magnetic hyperthermia

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Chinese Physics B 2022年第1期31卷 374-381页

作者：汤云东邹建鲁道夫C C弗莱施金涛何明华 College of Physics and Information Engineering Fuzhou UniversityFuzhou 350116China Departamento de Automação e Sistemas Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina88040-900 FlórianopolisSCBrazil College of Electrical Engineering and Automation Fuzhou UniversityFuzhou 350108China Fujian Medical University Fuzhou 350122China

Thermally induced apoptosis for tumors depends mainly on the intrinsic characteristics of biological tissues as well as treatment temperature profile during magnetic hyperthermia.Further,treatment temperature distribution inside tumor depends on the injection behavior of irregular tumors,such as the injection dose and the injection location of nanofluids.In order to improve the treatment effect,the simulated annealing algorithm is adopted in this work to optimize the nanofluid injection behavior,and the improved Arrhenius model is used to evaluate the malignant ablations for three typical malignant tumor cell models.In addition,both the injection behavior optimization and the mass diffusion of nanofluid are both taken into consideration in order to improve the treatment effect.The simulation results demonstrate that the injection behavior can be optimized effectively by the proposed optimization method before therapy,the result of which can also conduce to improving the thermal apoptosis possibility for proposed typical malignant cells.Furthermore,an effective approach is also employed by considering longer diffusion duration and correct power dissipation at the same time.The results show that a better result can then be obtained than those in other cases when the power dissipation of MNPs is set to be QMNP=5.4×10^(7)W·m^(3) and the diffusion time is 16 h.

关键词： thermal apoptosis analysis injection behavior optimization mass diffusion magnetic hyperthermia

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General Solutions for Hydromagnetic Free Convection Flow over an Infinite Plate with Newtonian Heating, mass diffusion and Chemical Reaction

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2017年第12期67卷 768-782页

作者： Constatin Fetecau Nehad Ali Shah Dumitru Vieru Academy of Romanian Scientists Abdus Salam School of Mathematical Sciences GC University Lahore Technical University of Iasi

The problem of hydromagnetic free convection flow over a moving infinite vertical plate with Newtonian heating, mass diffusion and chemical reaction in the presence of a heat source is completely solved. Radiative and porous effects are not taken into consideration but they can be immediately included by a simple rescaling of Prandtl number and magnetic parameter. Exact general solutions for the dimensionless velocity and concentration fields and the corresponding Sherwood number and skin friction coefficient are determined under integral form in terms of error function or complementary error function of Gauss. They satisfy all imposed initial and boundary conditions and can generate exact solutions for any problem with technical relevance of this type. As an interesting completion, uncommon in the literature, the differential equations which describe the thermal, concentration and momentum boundary layer, as well as the exact expressions for the thicknesses of thermal, concentration or velocity boundary layers were determined.Numerical results have shown that the thermal boundary layer thickness decreases for increasing values of Prandtl number and the concentration boundary layer thickness is decreasing with Schmidt number. Finally, for illustration,three special cases are considered and the influence of physical parameters on some fundamental motions is graphically underlined and discussed. The required time to reach the flow according with post-transient solution(the steady-state),for cosine/sine oscillating concentrations on the boundary is graphically determined. It is found that, the presence of destructive chemical reaction improves this time for increasing values of chemical reaction parameter.

关键词： hydromagnetic free convection Newtonian heating heat source mass diffusion chemical reaction general solutions

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Deciphering engineering principle of three-phase interface for advanced gas-involved electrochemical reactions

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2023年第5期80卷 302-323,I0008页

作者： Yanzheng He Sisi Liu Mengfan Wang Qiyang Cheng Tao Qian Chenglin Yan Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology College of EnergySoochow UniversitySuzhou 215006JiangsuChina School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Nantong UniversityNantong 226019JiangsuChina Light Industry Institute of Electrochemical Power Sources Suzhou 215600JiangsuChina

As an alternative to conventional energy conversion and storage reactions,gas-involved electrochemical reactions,including the carbon dioxide reduction reaction(CO_(2)RR),nitrogen reduction reaction(NRR)and hydrogen evolution reaction(HER),have become an emerging research direction and have gained increasing attention due to their advantages of environmental friendliness and sustainability.Various studies have been designed to accelerate sluggish kinetics but with limited results.Most of them promote the reaction by modulating the intrinsic properties of the catalyst,ignoring the synergistic effect of the reaction as a whole.Due to the introduction of gas,traditional liquid-solid two-phase reactions are no longer applicable to future research.Since gas-involved electrochemical reactions mostly occur at the junctions of gaseous reactants,liquid electrolytes and solid catalysts,the focus of future research on reaction kinetics should gradually shift to three-phase reaction interfaces.In this review,we briefly introduce the formation and constraints of the three-phase interface and propose three criteria to judge its merit,namely,the active site,mass diffusion and electron mass transfer.Subsequently,a series of modulation methods and relevant works are discussed in detail from the three improvement directions of‘exposing more active sites,promoting mass diffusion and accelerating electron transfer’.Definitively,we provide farsighted insights into the understanding and research of three-phase interfaces in the future and point out the possible development direction of future regulatory methods,hoping that this review can broaden the future applications of the three-phase interface,including but not limited to gas-involved electrochemical reactions.

关键词： Three-phase reaction Surface reactions mass diffusion Electron transfer Gas-involved electrochemical reactions

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Identifying the dominant transport mechanism in single nanoscale pores and 3D nanoporous media

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Fundamental Research 2023年第3期3卷 409-421页

作者： Ying Yin Zhiguo Qu Masa Prodanovic Christopher J.Landry MOE Key Laboratory of Thermo-Fluid Science and Engineering School of Energy and Power EngineeringXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’an 710049China Hildebrand Department of Petroleum and Geosystems Engineering The University of Texas at AustinAustinTX 78712USA

Gas transport mechanisms can be categorized into viscous flow and mass diffusion,both of which may coexist in a porous media with multiscale pore sizes.To determine the dominant transport mechanism and its contribution to gas transport capacity,the gas viscous flow and mass diffusion processes are analyzed in single nanoscale pores via a theoretical method,and are simulated in 3D nanoporous media via pore-scale lattice Boltzmann methods.The apparent permeability from the viscous flow and apparent diffusivity from the mass diffusion are estimated.A dimensionless parameter,i.e.,the diffusion-flow ratio,is proposed to evaluate the dominant transport mechanism,which is a function of the apparent permeability,apparent diffusivity,bulk dynamic viscosity,and working pressure.The results show that the apparent permeability increases by approximately two orders of magnitude when the average Knudsen number(Kn_(avg))of the nanoporous media or Knudsen number(Kn)of single nanoscale pores increases from 0.1 to 10.Under the same conditions,the increment in the apparent diffusivity is only approximately one order of magnitude.When Kn10,the apparent diffusivity has an upper bound(i.e.,Knudsen diffusivity).The dominant transport mechanism in single nanoscale pores is the viscous flow for 0.01diffusion-flow ratio is less than one.In nanoporous media,the dominant transport relies heavily on Kn_(avg) and the structural parameters.For nanoporous media with the pore throat diameter of 3 nm,Kn_(avg)=0.2 is the critical point,above which the mass diffusion is dominant;otherwise,the viscous flow is dominant.As Kn_(avg) increases to 3.4,the mass diffusion is overwhelming,with the maximum diffusion-flow ratio reaching ~4.

关键词： Porous media Viscous flow mass diffusion Apparent permeability Apparent diffusivity Lattice Boltzmann method

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Radiation-absorption,chemical reaction,Hall and ion slip impacts on magnetohydrodynamic free convective flow over semi-infinite moving absorbent surface

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2021年第6期34卷 40-52页

作者： M.Veera Krishna Department of Mathematics Rayalaseema UniversityKurnoolAndhra Pradesh 518007India

The investigation of radiation-absorption,chemical reaction,Hall and ion-slip impacts on unsteady MHD free convective laminar flow of an incompressible viscous,electrically conducting and heat generation/absorbing fluid enclosed with a semi-infinite porous plate within a rotating frame has been premeditated.The plate is assumed to be moving with a constant velocity in the direction of fluid movement.A uniform transverse magnetic field is applied at right angles to the porous surface,which is absorbing the fluid with a suction velocity changing with time.The non-dimensional governing equations for present investigation are solved analytically making use of two term harmonic and non-harmonic functions.The graphical results of velocity,temperature and concentration distributions on the analytical solutions are displayed and discussed with reference to pertinent parameters.It is found that the velocity profiles decreased with an increasing in Hartmann number,rotation parameter,the Schmidt number,heat source parameter,while it increased due to an increase in permeability parameter,radiation-absorption parameter,Hall and ion slip parameters.However,the temperature profile is an increasing function of radiation-absorption parameter,whereas an increase in chemical reaction parameter,the Schmidt number Sc or frequency of oscillations decrease the temperature profile on cooling.Also,it is found that the concentration profile is decreased with an escalating in the Schmidt number or the chemical reaction parameter.

关键词： Chemical reaction Free convection Heat source Heat transfer mass diffusion Radiation absorption

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A theoretical analysis of the electromigration-induced void morphological evolution under high current density

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Acta Mechanica Sinica 2017年第5期33卷 868-878页

作者： Yuexing Wang Yao Yao School of Mechanics and Civil Engineering Northwestern Polytechnical University

In this work, analysis of electromigration-induced void morphological evolution in solder interconnects is performed based on mass diffusion theory. The analysis is conducted for three typical experimentally observed void shapes: circular, ellipse, and cardioid. Void morphological evolution is governed by the competition between the electric field and surface capillary force. In the developed model, both the electric field and capillary force on the void's surface are solved analytically. Based on the mass conversation principle, the normal velocity on the void surface during diffusion is obtained. The void morphological evolution behavior is investigated, and a physical model is developed to predict void collapse to a crack or to split into sub-voids under electric current. It is noted that when the electric current is being applied from the horizontal direction, a circular void may either move stably along the electric current direction or collapse to a finger shape, depending on the relative magnitude of the electric current and surface capillary force. However, the elliptical-shaped void will elongate along the electric current direction and finally collapse to the finger shape. On the other hand, the cardioid-shaped void could bifurcate into two sub-voids when the electric current reaches a critical value. The theoretical predictions agree well with the experimental observations.

关键词： Electromigration Analytical solution Void evolution High current density mass diffusion

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Chaos,Transport and Mesh Convergence for Fluid Mixing

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Acta Mathematicae Applicatae Sinica 2008年第3期24卷 355-368页

作者： H. Lim Y. Yu J. Glimm X.L. Li D.H. Sharp Department of Applied Mathematics and Statistics Stony Brook University Stony Brook NY 11794-3600 USA Computational Science Center Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton N~ 11793-6000 USA Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos NM USA

Chaotic mixing of distinct fluids produces a convoluted structure to the interface separating these fluids. For miscible fluids （as considered here）, this interface is defined as a 50% mass concentration isosurface. For shock wave induced （Richtmyer-Meshkov） instabilities, we find the interface to be increasingly complex as the computational mesh is refined. This interfacial chaos is cut off by viscosity, or by the computational mesh if the Kolmogorov scale is small relative to the mesh. In a regime of converged interface statistics, we then examine mixing, i.e. concentration statistics, regularized by mass diffusion. For Schmidt numbers significantly larger than unity, typical of a liquid or dense plasma, additional mesh refinement is normally needed to overcome numerical mass diffusion and to achieve a converged solution of the mixing problem. However, with the benefit of front tracking and with an algorithm that allows limited interface diffusion, we can assure convergence uniformly in the Schmidt number. We show that different solutions result from variation of the Schmidt number. We propose subgrid viscosity and mass diffusion parameterizations which might allow converged solutions at realistic grid levels.

关键词： Schmidt number mass diffusion turbulence multiphase flow

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Alternative constitutive relation for momentum transport of extended Navier–Stokes equations

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Chinese Physics B 2020年第12期29卷 340-345页

作者：韩国锋刘晓丽黄进 Kumar Nawnit 孙亮 Institute of Mechanics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100190China State Key Laboratory of Hydroscience and Engineering Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration&Development Beijing 100083China

The classical Navier–Stokes equation(NSE)is the fundamental partial differential equation that describes the flow of fluids,but in certain cases,like high local density and temperature gradient,it is inconsistent with the experimental results.Some extended Navier–Stokes equations with diffusion terms taken into consideration have been proposed.However,a consensus conclusion on the specific expression of the additional diffusion term has not been reached in the academic circle.The models adopt the form of the generalized Newtonian constitutive relation by substituting the convection velocity with a new term,or by using some analogy.In this study,a new constitutive relation for momentum transport and a momentum balance equation are obtained based on the molecular kinetic theory.The new constitutive relation preserves the symmetry of the deviation stress,and the momentum balance equation satisfies Galilean invariance.The results show that for Poiseuille flow in a circular micro-tube,self-diffusion in micro-flow needs considering even if the local density gradient is very low.

关键词： extended Navier-Stokes equation constitutive relation momentum transport mass diffusion

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Fusion of Internal Similarity to Improve the Accuracy of Recommendation Algorithm

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Journal on Internet of Things 2021年第2期3卷 65-76页

作者： Zejun Yang Denghui Xia Jin Liu Chao Zheng Yanzhen Qu Yadang Chen Chengjun Zhang School of Computer and Software Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing210044China Yukun(Beijing)Network Technology Co. Ltd.Beijing102200China Jiangsu Engineering Center of Network Monitoring Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing210044China School of Computer Science and Technology Colorado Technical UniversityColorado Springs80907USA

Collaborative filtering algorithms(CF)and mass diffusion(MD)algorithms have been successfully applied to recommender systems for years and can solve the problem of information overload.However,both algorithms suffer from data sparsity,and both tend to recommend popular products,which have poor diversity and are not suitable for real life.In this paper,we propose a user internal similarity-based recommendation algorithm(UISRC).UISRC first calculates the item-item similarity matrix and calculates the average similarity between items purchased by each user as the user’s internal similarity.The internal similarity of users is combined to modify the recommendation score to make score predictions and suggestions.Simulation experiments on RYM and Last.FM datasets,the results show that UISRC can obtain better recommendation accuracy and a variety of recommendations than traditional CF and MD algorithms.

关键词： Collaborative filtering mass diffusion recommendation accuracy recommendation system user internal similarity

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