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Chemical composition, mass closure and sources of atmospheric PM_(10) from industrial sites in Shenzhen, China

Journal of Environmental Sciences 2013年第8期25卷 1626-1635页

作者： Gang Wu Xin Du Xuefang Wu Xiao Fu Shaofei Kong Jianhua Chen Zongshuang Wang Zhipeng Bai State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Centre for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences CMA Key Laboratory for Atmospheric Physics and Environment Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology

Concentrations of atmospheric PM10 and chemical components （including twenty-one elements, nine ions, organic carbon （OC） and elemental carbon （EC）） were measured at five sites in a heavily industrial region of Shenzhen, China in 2005. Results showed that PM10 concentrations exhibited the highest values at 264 μg/m3 at the site near a harbor with the influence of harbor activities. Sulfur exhibited the highest concentrations （from 2419 to 3995 ng/m3） of all the studied elements, which may be related to the influence of coal used as fuel in this area for industrial plants. This was verified by the high mass percentages of SO42-, which accounted for 34.3%-39.7% of the total ions. NO3-/SO42- ratios varied from 0.64-0.71, which implies coal combustion was predominant compared with vehicle emission. The anion/cation ratios range was close to 0.95, indicating anion deficiency in this region. The harbor site showed the highest OC and EC concentrations, with the influence of emission from vessels. Secondary organic carbon accounted for about 22.6%-38.7% of OC, with the highest percentage occurring at the site adjacent to a coal-fired power plant and wood plant. The mass closure model performed well in this heavily industrial region, with significant correlation obtained between chemically determined and gravimetrically measured PM10 mass. The main constituents of PM10 were found to be organic materials （30.9%-69.5%）, followed by secondary inorganic aerosol （7.9%-25.0%）, crustal materials （6.7%-13.8%）, elemental carbon （3.5%-10.8%）, sea salt （2.4%-6.2%） and trace elements （2.0%-4.9%） in this heavily industrialized region. Principal component analysis indicated that the main sources for particulate matter in this industrial region were crustal materials and coal/wood combustion, oil combustion, secondary aerosols, industrial processes and vehicle emission.

关键词： PM10 chemical compositions mass closure analysis industrial sites principal component analysis

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Inter-annual variability of wintertime PM2.5 chemical composition in Xi’an,China:Implications of Emission Changes

Inter-annual variability of wintertime PM2.5 chemical compos...

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十一届全国气溶胶会议暨第十届海峡两岸气溶胶技术研讨会

作者： H.M.Xu J.J.Cao K.F.Ho University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Lab of Aerosol Science & Technology SKLLQGInstitute of Earth EnvironmentChinese Academy of Sciences School of Public Health and Primary Care The Chinese University of Hong Kong

The chemical characteristics of PM2.5 from Xi’an urban area in January and February 2006 and the same period of 2010 were determined in this study. Chemical mass closure analyses were carried out in PM2.5 samples, in order to illustrate the changes in PM2.5 chemical compositions in Xi’an winter time. Enrichment factors relative to earth crust abundances were evaluated and it was noted that most anthropogenic elements including Ni, Cd, As, and Pb had significant reductions. Correlation and multivariate analysis technique, such as Positive Matrix Factorization（PMF） were used for source apportionment to identify the possible sources of PM2.5 and to determine their contribution changes. Similar sources were identified between these two years. Secondary transformation, fugitive dust, coal combustion and vehicular emissions almost accounted for 80% of the mass concentrations of PM2.5. Moreover, the abundances of these major sources were changed with different years: coal combustion contributed the most（28.9%） of PM2.5 mass concentrations in 2006, followed by vehicular emissions（28.0%） and secondary transformation（15.3%）;but vehicular emissions was the most contributor（25.7%） in 2010 and the contribution of fugitive dust increased to 22.5% as well. Besides, industrial emissions and fireworks emissions + biomass burning were the minor sources for PM2.5 in Xi’an.

关键词： mass closure analysis PM 2.5 Source apportionment Xi’an

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