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Analysis of short fruiting branch gene and marker-assisted selection with SNP linked to its trait in upland cotton

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Journal of Cotton Research 2018年第1期1卷 20-26页

作者： ZHANG Youchang FENG Changhui BIE Shu WANG Xiaogang ZHANG Jiaohai XIA Songbo QIN Hongde Institute of Cash Crops Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology and Breeding in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River (Wuhan) Ministry of Agriculture

Background： With the rapid development of genomics, many functional genes have been targeted. Molecular marker assisted selection can accelerate the breeding process by linking selection to functional genes. Methods： In a study of upland cotton （Gossypium hirsutum L.）, the F2 segregated population was constructed by crossing X1570 （short branches） with Ekangmian 13 （long branches） to identify the short fruiting branch gene and marker assisted selection with SNP（Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms, SNP） linked to its trait. Result： The result demonstrated that linked SSR marker BNL3232 was screened by BSA（Bulked segregant analysis, BSA） method; one SNP locus was found, which was totally separated from the fruiting branches trait in upland cotton. Conclusion： It was verified that this SNP marker could be used for molecular assisted selection of cotton architecture

关键词： Short fruit branch Cotton Gene marker assisted selection

Genome Mapping to Enhance Efficient marker-assisted selection and Breeding of the Oil Palm (<i>Elaeis guineensis</i>Jacq.)

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2021年第12期12卷 407-425页

作者： Essubalew Getachew Seyum Ngalle Hermine Bille Wosene Gebreselassie Abtew Godswill Ntsomboh-Ntsefong Joseph Martin Bell Department of Plant Biology and Physiology Faculty of Sciences University of Yaounde I Yaounde Cameroon CETIC (African Center of Excellence in Information and Communication Technologies) University of Yaounde I Yaounde Cameroon Department of Horticulture and Plant Sciences Jimma University College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine Jimma Ethiopia Institute of Agricultural Research for Development Yaounde Cameroon

The oil palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) is one of the major cultivated crops among the economically important palm species. It is cultivated mainly for its edible oil. For a perennial crop like oil palm, the use of marker assisted selection (MAS) techniques helps to reduce the breeding cycle and improve the economic products. Genetic and physical maps are important for sequencing experiments since they show the exact positions of genes and other distinctive features in the chromosomal DNA. This review focuses on the role of genome mapping in oil palm breeding. It assesses the role of genome mapping in oil palm breeding and discusses the major factors affecting such mapping. Generating a high-density map governed by several factors, for instance, marker type, marker density, number of mapped population, and software used are the major issues treated. The general conclusion is that genome mapping is pivotal in the construction of a genetic linkage map. It helps to detect QTL and identify genes that control quantitative traits in oil palm. In perspective, the use of high-density molecular markers with a large number of markers, a large number mapping population, and up-to-date software is necessary for oil palm genome mapping.

关键词： Genome Mapping Crop Improvement marker assisted selection Oil Palm Biotechnology

Green Rice Leafhopper Resistance Gene Transferring Through Backcrossing and CAPS marker assisted selection

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2003年第1期2卷 8-12页

作者： WANGChun－ming HideshiYasui AtsushiYoshimura SUChang－chao ZHAIH FacultyofAgriculture KyushuUniversityFukuoka812－8581Japan StateKeyLaboratoryofCropGeneticsandGermplasmEnhancement NanjingAgriculturalUniversity／ResearchCenterofPlantGeneEngineeringJiangsuProvinceN

Grh2, a green rice leafhopper resistant gene from an indica cultivar DV85, was located on chromosome 11, and two RFLP markers C189 and G1465 were found to be linked to this gene. In order to transfer Grh2 into Taichung65, a japonica cultivar with elite characters, backcross method with Taichung65 as the recurrent parent was used and the two RFLP markers were converted into CAPS markers for marker assisted selection (MAS). In the BC6F3 population, both phenotypic evaluation and MAS were conducted to screen the resistant plants with Taichung65 background. The linkage distance between CAPS markers and Grh2 was calculated and the efficiency of MAS was analyzed.

关键词： Oryza sativa Nephotettix virescens Uhler Insect resistance CAPS marker assisted selection

Elimination of an unfavorable allele conferring pod shattering in an elite soybean cultivar by CRISPR/Cas9

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aBIOTECH 2022年第2期3卷 110-114页

作者： Zhihui Zhang Jie Wang Huaqin Kuang Zhihong Hou Pingping Gong Mengyan Bai Shaodong Zhou Xiaolei Yao Shikui Song Long Yan Yuefeng Guan College of Resources and Environment Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou 350002FujianChina FAFU-UCR Joint Center for Horticultural Biology and Metabolomics Fujan Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou 350002FujianChina College of Agriculture Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural UniversityDaqing 163319HeilongjiangChina College of Life Sciences Fujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou 350002FujanChina The Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Breeding of Hebei Institute of Cereal and oil CropsHebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry SciencesShijiazhuang 050035China

Pod shattering can lead to devastating yield loss of soybean and has been a negatively selected trait in soybean domestication and breeding.Nevertheless,a significant portion of soybean cultivars are still pod shattering-susceptible,limiting their regional and climatic adaptabilities.Here we performed genetic diagnosis on the shattering-susceptible trait of a national registered cultivar,Huachun6(HC6),and found that HC6 carries the susceptible genotype of a candidate Pod dehiscence 1(PDH1)gene,which exists in a significant portion of soybean cultivars.We next performed genome editing on PDH1 gene by clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats(CRISPR)-CRISPR-associated protein 9(Cas9).In T2 progenies,several transgene-free lines with pdh1 mutations were characterized without affecting major agronomic traits.The pdh1 mutation significantly improved the pod shattering resistance which is associated with aberrant lignin distribution in inner sclerenchyma.Our work demonstrated that precision breeding by genome editing on PDH1 holds great potential for precisely improving pod shattering resistance and adaptability of soybean cultivars.

关键词： Genome editing Pod shattering Soybean Precision breeding marker assisted selection CRISPR/Cas9

Haplotype variation and KASP markers for SiPSY1-A key gene controlling yellow kernel pigmentation in foxtail millet

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The Crop Journal 2023年第6期11卷 1902-1911页

作者： Rongjun Zuo Yanyan Zhang Yanbing Yang Chunfang Wang Hui Zhi Linlin Zhang Sha Tang Yanan Guan Shunguo Li Ruhong Cheng Zhonglin Shang Guanqing Jia Xianmin Diao Institute of Crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081China Crop Research Institute Shandong Academy of Agricultural SciencesJinan 250100ShandongChina Institute of Millet Crops Hebei Academy of Agricultural and Forestry SciencesShijiazhuang 050035HebeiChina College of Life Sciences Hebei Normal UniversityShijiazhuang 050024HebeiChina

Carotenoid biosynthesis and accumulation are important in determining nutritional and commercial value of crop products.Yellow pigmentation of mature kernels caused by carotenoids is considered a vital quality trait in foxtail millet,an ancient and widely cultivated cereal crop across the world.Genomic regions associated with yellow pigment content(YPC),lutein and zeaxanthin in foxtail millet grains were identified by genome-wide association analysis(GWAS),and SiPSY1(Phytoene synthase 1 which regulates formation of the 40-carbon backbone of carotenoids)was confirmed as the main contributor to all three components by knockout and overexpression analysis.SiPSY1 was expressed in seedlings,leaves,panicles,and mature seeds,and was subcellularly localized to chloroplasts.Transcription of SiPSY1 in 15 DAP immature grains was responsible for YPC in mature seeds.selection of SiPSY1 combined with increased YPC in mature grains during domestication of foxtail millet was confirmed.Haplotype analysis suggested that expression level of SiPSY1 could be a selection target for future breeding programs,and a KASP marker was developed for selection of favorable SiPSY1 alleles in breeding.The results of this work will benefit nutritional and commercial improvement of foxtail millet varieties,as well as other cereal crops.

关键词： Carotenoids Lutein Zeaxanthin marker assisted selection Setaria italica

Genetic Analysis and Fine Mapping of Two Genes for Grain Shape and Weight in Rice

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2009年第1期51卷 45-51页

作者： Longbiao Guo Lilian Ma Hua Jiang Dali Zeng Jiang Hu Liwen Wu Zhenyu Gao Guangheng Zhang Qian Qian State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology China National Rice Research Institute Hangzhou 310006 China Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100081 China

To identify genetic loci controlling grain weight, an elite indica rice variety, Baodali, with large grains was identified and used in this study. Its derived F2, F3 and BC2 F2 with another japonica rice variety Zhonghua 11 were used as mapping populations. Linkage analyses demonstrated that two genes controlling grain weight, designated as GW3 and GW6, were mapped to chromosome 3 and chromosome 6, respectively. Fine mapping delimited GW3 to a 122 kb physical distance between two sequence tagged site markers （WGWt6 and WGW19） containing 16 open reading frames annotated by The Institute for Genomic Research （http：//***）. GW6 was further mapped between two simple sequence repeat markers （RM7179 and RM3187）. These results are useful for both marker assisted selection of grain weight, and for further cloning of GW genes, which will contribute to the dissection of the molecular mechanism underlying grain weight in rice.

关键词： fine mapping grain size marker assisted selection primary mapping rice.

qRgls1.06, a major QTL conferring resistance to gray leaf spot disease in maize

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The Crop Journal 2021年第2期9卷 342-350页

作者： Hao Sun Lihong Zhai Feng Teng Zhihong Li Zuxin Zhang National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement Huazhong Agricultural UniversityWuhan 430070HubeiChina Medical College Hubei University of Arts and ScienceXiangyang 441053HubeiChina Hubei Tenglong Seed Co. LtdXiangyang 441100HubeiChina

Gray leaf spot(GLS)caused by Cercospora zeae-maydis and C.zeina is an extremely devastating leaf disease that limits maize production annually.The use of GLS-resistant maize hybrids is the most cost-effective approach for reducing losses.Resistance to GLS is quantitatively inherited in maize(Zea mays L.)and further sources of resistance remain to be analyzed.Here,we detected qRgls1.06,a major quantitative trait locus for GLS resistance in bin 1.06 that explained approximately 55%of the phenotype variance.Fine mapping over 2 consecutive years localized qRgls1.06 to a 2.38-Mb region.Homozygous qRgls1.06^(WGR/WGR) plants in DZ01 background displayed higher GLS resistance and 100-grain weight than DZ01 plants.The GLS responses of several susceptible elite inbred lines were improved by the introduction of qRgls1.06 by marker-assisted backcrossing.Our findings extend the understanding of the genetic basis of resistance to GLS and provide a set of resistant germplasm for genetic improvement of resistance to GLS in maize.

关键词： Fine mapping marker assisted selection Quantitative trait locus Yield-related traits Zea mays

Applications of Molecular markers in Fruit Crops for Breeding Programs—A Review

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2021年第1期90卷 17-34页

作者： Riaz Ahmad Muhammad Akbar Anjum Safina Naz Rashad Mukhtar Balal Department of Horticulture Bahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultan60800Pakistan Department of Horticulture University of SargodhaSargodha40100Pakistan

selection and use of molecular markers for evaluation of DNA polymorphism in plants are couple of the most important approaches in the field of molecular genetics.The assessment of genetic diversity using morphological markers is not sufficient due to little differentiating traits among the species,genera or their individuals.Morphological markers are not only highly influenced by environmental factors but skilled assessment is also prerequisite to find the variations in plant genetic resources.Therefore,molecular markers are considered as efficient tools for detailed DNA based characterization of fruit crops.Molecular markers provide new directions to the efforts of plant breeders particularly in genetic variability,gene tags,gene localization,taxonomy,genetic diversity,phylogenetic analysis and also play an important role to decrease the time required for development of new and excellent cultivars.The success of molecular markers technology in genetic improvement programs depends on the close relationship among the plant breeders,biotechnologists,skilled manpower and good financial support.The present review describes application and success of molecular markers technology used for genetic improvement in different fruit crops.

关键词： DNA fingerprinting genetic diversity genetic improvement programs germplasm characterization marker assisted selection

Meta-Analysis of 100-Seed Weight QTLs in Soybean

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2011年第3期10卷 327-334页

作者： QI Zhao-ming SUN Ya-nan WANG Jia-lin ZHANG Da-wei LIU Chun-yan HU Guo-hua CHEN Qing-shan Northeast Agricultural University Harbin 150030 P.R. China The Crop Research and Breeding Center of Land-Reclamation Harbin 150090 P.R.China

100-seed weight is a very complicated quantitative trait of yield. The study of gene mapping for yield trait in soybean is very important for application. However, the mapping result of 100-seed weight was dispersed, the public map should be chosen which was suitable for the published results integrated, and to improve yield. In this research, an integrated map of 100-seed weight QTLs in soybean had been established with soymap2 published in 2004 as a reference map. QTLs of 100-seed weight in soybean were collected in recent 20 yr. With the software BioMercator 2.1, QTLs from their own maps were projected to the reference map. From published papers, 65 QTLs of 100-seed weight were collected and 53 QTLs were integrated, including 17 reductive effect QTLs and 36 additive effect QTLs. 12 clusters of QTLs were found in the integrated map. A method of meta-analysis was used to narrow down the confidence interval, and 6 additive QTLs and 6 reductive QTLs and their corresponding markers were obtained respectively. The minimum confidence interval （C.I.） was shrunk to 1.52 cM. These results would lay the foundation for marker-assisted selection and mapping QTL precisely, as well as QTL gene cloning in soybean.

关键词： soybean 100-seed weight meta-analysis consensus QTL marker assisted selection