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Prevalence of Taurodontism in a Tertiary Hospital in Ghana

Open Journal of Stomatology 2024年第5期14卷 206-217页

作者： Philip Boadi Frimpong Adelaide Appau Edward Ohene-Marfo Yaw Aboagye Adu-Darko Nii Otu Nartey Department of Basic and Diagnostic Oral Health Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana Department of Oral Pathology University of Ghana Dental School Accra Ghana Department of Community Dentistry University of Ghana Dental School Accra Ghana

Background: Taurodontism is one of the most significant deviations from the normal tooth morphology affecting the molars in both primary and permanent dentition. Taurodontism refers to the Enlargement of the pulp chamber, resulting in its bifurcation pushed toward the apex of a tooth’s root. This study evaluated the prevalence of Taurodontism from radiographs taken at the University of Ghana Dental School Oral Radiology Unit from January 2017 to December 2022. Methodology: In this cross-sectional study, panoramic and periapical radiographs of 1000 randomly selected patients who visited the Oral Radiology Unit from January 2017 to December 2022. Radiographs were evaluated for apically displaced pulp chamber. Data was statistically evaluated, and the chi-square test was employed to assess the prevalence of taurodontism in the upper and lower jaws (p Results: Taurodontism was found in 171 radiographs giving it a prevalence of 17.1% of which 57% (98 radiographs) were from females and 43% (73 radiographs) were from males. This finding was not significant (p > 0.05). Taurodontism occurred more in the maxilla (289 teeth, 80.7%) compared to the mandible molars (186 teeth, 64.3%) giving it a ratio of 1.6:1. This finding was highly significant (p Conclusion: Taurodontism is relatively common in the Ghanaian population affecting more females compared to males according to this study. Further studies using a large sample need to be carried out to determine its incidence in the general community.

关键词： Taurodontism Prevalence Maxilla mandible Molar Teeth

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A Comparative Study of Mandibular Fractures in Senegal: Children vs. Adults

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Open Journal of Stomatology 2024年第2期14卷 72-76页

作者： Paul Niang Department of Oral Surgery Cheikh Anta Diop University Dakar Senegal

Introduction: The commonest maxillofacial fractures involve the mandible. Age can be considered among influential factors. Aim of the Study: To compare mandibular fractures between children and adults from the beginning up to the treatment in Senegal. Patients and Method: A three-year retrospective study was conducted in a university hospital. The medical records of patients admitted for maxillofacial injuries were reviewed. Patient and injury-related variables including age, gender, etiology, average consultation delay, anatomic location of fracture and treatment were compared up to age of 15 and beyond that. Results: Considering 272 casualties, maxillofacial fractures were less frequent among children than adults (36.7% and 59.7%) and were mainly mandibular (90.1% and 91.4%). Male predilection (sex ratio of 2.4 and 4.9) was twice (2) as pronounced from the age of 16. The average consultation delay was two (2) times shorter for children. Road traffic accidents which predominated among children (33.9%) had comparable frequency (32.3%) although they were outnumbered by assault (37.6%) among adults. Fractures occurred mainly on the corpus (90.1% and 90.4%), particularly on parasymphysis (40.1%) up to the age of 15, whereas angle fractures increased (8.5% to 19.6%) and joint damage decreased afterwards. Intra-oral orthopedic procedures (91.2% and 92.6%) in which mandibular retention splints were more common (37.3%) up to the age of 15 then arch ligatures (49%) were then widely favored. Conclusion: Differences relating to the distribution of causes but also to the anatomic location on the corpus and to the choice of intra-oral orthopedic procedures within overall similarities between children and adults regarding the male predilection, the frequency of road traffic accidents, the mandibular injuries, but also the school therapeutic attitude consisting of favoring the orthopedic option.

关键词： Fracture mandible Child Adult

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Solitary intraosseous neurofibroma in the mandible mimicking a cystic lesion:A case report and review of literature

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世界临床病例杂志 2023年第27期11卷 6653-6663页

作者： Zheng Zhang Xia Hong Feng Wang Xin Ye You-Dan Yao Ying Yin Hong-Yu Yang School of Stomatology Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyi 563000Guizhou ProvinceChina Department of Stomatology Peking University Shenzhen HospitalShenzhen 518036Guangdong ProvinceChina Department of Pathology Peking University Shenzhen HospitalShenzhen 518036Guangdong ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Neurofibromas are benign tumors of a neurogenic origin.If these tumors occur without any other signs of neurofibromatosis,they are classified as isolated neurofibromas.Neurofibromas in the oral cavity mostly occur within soft tissues,indicating that solitary intraosseous neurofibromas in the mandible are rare.Due to the absence of specific clinical manifestations,early diagnosis and treatment of these tumors are difficult to achieve.CASE SUMMARY A 37-year-old female patient visited our hospital due to numbness and swelling of the gums in the right lower molar area that had persisted for half a month.The patient’s overall condition and intraoral examination revealed no significant abnormalities.She was initially diagnosed with a cystic lesion in the right mandible.However,after a more thorough examination,the final pathological diagnosis was confirmed to be neurofibroma.Complete tumor resection and partial removal of the right inferior alveolar nerve were performed.As of writing this report,there have been no signs of tumor recurrence for nine months following the surgery.CONCLUSION This case report discusses the key features that are useful for differentiating solitary intraosseous neurofibromas from other cystic lesions.

关键词： Neurofibromas mandible Cystic lesion Odontogenic cyst Schwannomas Case report

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mandible exosomal ssc-mir-133b regulates tooth development in miniature swine via endogenous apoptosis

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Bone Research 2018年第4期6卷 408-417页

作者： Ye Li Xinxin Wang Jiali Ren Xiaoshan Wu Guoqing Li Zhipeng Fan Chunmei Zhang Ang Li Songlin Wang Molecular Laboratory for Gene Therapy and Tooth Regeneration Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction School of Stomatology Capital Medical University Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research College of Stomatology Xi'an Jiaotong University Laboratory of Molecular Signaling and Stem Cell Therapy Beijing Key Laboratory of Tooth Regeneration and Function Reconstruction School of Stomatology Capital Medical University Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Capital Medical University School of Basic Medical Sciences

Signal transduction between different organs is crucial in the normal development of the human body. As an important medium for signal communication, exosomes can transfer important information, such as microRNAs(miRNAs), from donors to receptors.MiRNAs are known to fine-tune a variety of biological processes, including maxillofacial development; however, the underlying mechanism remains largely unknown. In the present study, transient apoptosis was found to be due to the expression of a miniature swine maxillofacial-specific miRNA, ssc-mir-133b. Upregulation of ssc-mir-133b resulted in robust apoptosis in primary dental mesenchymal cells in the maxillofacial region. Cell leukemia myeloid 1(Mcl-1) was verified as the functional target, which triggered further downstream activation of endogenous mitochondria-related apoptotic processes during tooth development.More importantly, mandible exosomes were responsible for the initial apoptosis signal. An animal study demonstrated that ectopic expression of ssc-mir-133 b resulted in failed tooth formation after 12 weeks of subcutaneous transplantation in nude mice. The tooth germ developed abnormally without the indispensable exosomal signals from the mandible.

关键词： mandible Signal miRNAs

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Is mandible derived mesenchymal stromal cells superior in proliferation and regeneration to long bone-derived mesenchymal stromal cells?

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World Journal of Methodology 2023年第2期13卷 10-17页

作者： Madhan Jeyaraman Tushar Verma Naveen Jeyaraman Bishnu Prasad Patro Arulkumar Nallakumarasamy Manish Khanna Department of Orthopaedics ACS Medical College and HospitalDr MGR Educational and Research InstituteChennai 600056Tamil NaduIndia Department of Biotechnology School of Engineering and TechnologySharda UniversityGreater Noida 201310Uttar PradeshIndia Department of Regenerative Medicine Indian Stem Cell Study Group AssociationLucknow 226010Uttar PradeshIndia Department of Orthopaedic Rheumatology Fellow in Indian Orthopaedic Rheumatology AssociationLucknow 226010Uttar PradeshIndia Department of Orthopaedics Rathimed Speciality HospitalChennai 600040Tamil NaduIndia Department of Orthopaedics All India Institute of Medical SciencesBhubaneswar 751019OdishaIndia

Mesenchymal stromal cells(MSCs)are cells with the characteristic ability of self-renewal along with the ability to exhibit multilineage differentiation.Bone marrow(BM)is the first tissue in which MSCs were identified and BM-MSCs are most commonly used among various MSCs in clinical settings.MSCs can stimulate and promote osseous regeneration.Due to the difference in the development of long bones and craniofacial bones,the mandibular-derived MSCs(M-MSCs)have distinct differentiation characteristics as compared to that of long bones.Both mandibular and long bone-derived MSCs are positive for MSC-associated markers such as CD-73,-105,and-106,stage-specific embryonic antigen 4 and Octamer-4,and negative for hematopoietic markers such as CD-14.

关键词： mandible Long bone Mesenchymal stromal cells Osteogenic potential Regeneration

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Measurement of Mucosal Thickness in Denture-bearing Area of Edentulous mandible

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Chinese Medical Journal 2015年第3期128卷 342-347页

作者： Jian Dong Fei-Yu Zhang Guang-Hui Wu Wei Zhang Jian Yin Department of Stomatology Beijing An Zhen Hospital Capital Medical University Beijing 100029 China Department of Biomedical Engineering Beijing Institute of Heart Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases Beijing 100029 China

Background： The thickness of the alveolar mucosa influences the probability of the occurrence of denture-induced irritations. Thick denture-supporting tissues offer relief from mucosal tenderness and ulcers; however, the uniformity of the thickness across the entire mandibular alveolar mucosa cannot be accurately determined in edentulous patients. This study aimed to assess the mucosal thickness of the denture-bearing area in the edentulous mandible. Methods： Twenty-seven edentulous patients underwent cone-beam computed tomography scanning, wherein the patients wore a record base to retract soft tissues away from the alveolar mucosa. The measured regions were the central incisor （1C）, lateral incisor （1L）, canine （Ca）, first premolar （P 1）, second premolar （P2）, first molar （M 1）, and second molar （M2） regions. The thickness was measured in the alveolar ridge crest （T）, buccal （B1-B4）, and lingual （L I-L4） alveolar ridge mucosa. The average thickness of the mucosa at buccal sides （B） and lingual sides （L） were also assessed. Results： The differences in the mucosal thickness between the left and right sides were not significant. In the Ca-M2 regions, T was the thickest, and L3 was the thinnest of all the measured points in the same regions. L was significantly less than B in posterior regions （P 〈 0.01 ）. On the other hand, M2 at L4 was thinnest of all the measured regions from Ca to M2 （P 〈 0.01）, and was thicker than IC, IL, P1, and P2 at B2. Conclusions： Since the mucosal thickness of denture-bearing area in the edentulous mandible is not uniform; the tissue surface of the denture base or custom tray should be selectively relieved, which may reduce the risk of denture-induced irritations.

关键词： Alveolar Mucosa Edentulous Jaw mandible Thickness Measurement

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Spindle cell carcinoma of the mandible:a case report

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The Journal of Biomedical Research 2017年第3期31卷 273-276页

作者： Long Xie Heming Wu Siyu Liu Hongwei Li Institute of Stomatology Nanjing Medical University Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University

Spindle cell carcinoma is a rare highly malignant squamous cell carcinoma.Here,we describe a case of a 74-yearold Chinese female who presented with a 2-week history of pain and swelling in the left retromolar region.Surgical resection and titanium plate prosthesis were performed and histological analysis revealed spindle squamous cell carcinoma.

关键词： mandible sarcomatoid carcinoma spindle squamous cell carcinoma prognosis treatment

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Cemento-ossifying fibroma of the left mandible:A case report

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World Journal of Surgical Procedures 2023年第1期13卷 1-6页

作者： I Nengah Wiadnyana Steven Christian Michael Kelvin Setiawan Department of Oncology Surgery Udayana UniversityDenpasar 80114Indonesia Department of General Surgery Udayana UniversityDenpasar 80114Indonesia

BACKGROUND Ossifying fibroma is a type of benign fibro-osseous lesion.Most lesions affect the mandible region,particularly the molar and pre-molar areas.It predominantly affects females between the second to fourth decades of life.Larger ossifying fibroma tumors require more extensive resection.CASE SUMMARY A 39-year-old female complained of occasional pain and tumor enlargement on her left jaw for the 3 years prior to presentation.Intraoral examination revealed a firm swelling on her left lower gum.Extraoral examination revealed swelling on the left mandible body with no erythema and superficial ulcer.Computed tomography scan revealed a circular-shaped lesion on the patient’s left mandible body with a well-defined radiolucent border,sized 3.2 cm×2.8 cm×0.9 cm.The tumor was removed by marginal mandibulectomy.Biopsy from the resected tumor suggested cemento-ossifying fibroma(COF).CONCLUSION COF is often unnoticed,but this slow-growing tumor can cause significant symptoms regarding its distortion into adjacent structures.

关键词： Cemento-ossifying fibroma Ossifying fibroma mandible Marginal mandibulectomy Biopsy Case report

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Sarcomatoid Carcinoma of the mandible: A Case Report and Literature Review

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Journal of Cancer Therapy 2022年第6期13卷 323-330页

作者： Kenza Benali Tayeb Kebdani Khalid Hassouni Sanaa El Majjaoui Hanan El Kacemi Noureddine Benjaafar Department of Radiation Oncology National Institute of Oncology Rabat Morocco Faculty of Medicine Mohammed V University Rabat Morocco

Background: Sarcomatoid carcinoma is a rare biphasic malignancy with an epithelial and mesenchymal component. Given its histological particularity, the diagnosis of this tumor still represents a challenge for pathologists and surgeons. Sarcomatoid carcinoma of the mandible is a very rare and aggressive entity. To date, only sporadic cases have been reported in the literature. Aim: To report a rare case of aggressive mandibular sarcomatoid carcinoma treated with radical surgery and adjuvant chemoradiation, and discuss the related literature. Case Report: We introduce a rare case of mandibular sarcomatoid carcinoma occurring in a 34-year-old woman. Treatment consisted of radical surgery and re-excision for positive margins, adjuvant radiation therapy (66 Gy in 33 fractions in simultaneous integrated boost delivered using Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy) and Cisplatin-based concurrent chemotherapy. The tumor displayed aggressive behavior and high metastatic potential, causing tumour recurrence and extensive lung metastasis. Conclusion: Sarcomatoid carcinoma of the mandible is an extremely rare malignant entity, with a high tendency for local recurrence, distant metastasis. Treatment involves radical surgery and adjuvant chemoradiation, although the outcome and prognosis might be poor.

关键词： Sarcomatoid Carcinoma mandible Adjuvant Chemoradiation VMAT

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Longgupo Hominoid mandible Belongs to Ape

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人类学学报 2002年第S1期21卷 19-24页

作者： WU Xin zhi(Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and Paleoanthropology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100044, China)

The present author made comparisons between the mandibular fragment and teeth attached on it from longgupo,Wushan on one side,and the corresponding specimens of early \%Homo\% of East Africa,\%Homo erectus\% from Dmanisi and \%Lufengpithecus \% from Yuanmou on other side.The results showed that the size of Wushan specimens are much smaller than those of early \%Homo\% of East Africa and Dmanisi mandible,and are concordant with that of \%Lufengpithecus \%from Yuanmou.Most of the characters which have been used to attribute Wushan mandible to \%Homo \%by some scholars,are shared by both hominid and ape. Among these characters,bifurcation of the root of the premolar is one of the characters of \%Lufengpithecus\% and seldom seen in hominid.The position of the anterior contact facet and the ratio of the length of talonid to that of the crown of Wushan premolar are characteristic in ape.Among the ape fossils avaliable in China \%Lufengpithecus \% is the closest relative of Wushan ape.Whether they have ancestor\|descendant relation is waiting for more findings to prove.

关键词： mandible Ape Longgupo Wushan

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