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Disease exacerbation is common in inflammatory bowel disease patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors for malignancy

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2022年第6期10卷 1787-1794页

作者： Samuel J S Rubin Tatiana Balabanis John Gubatan Aida Habtezion Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of MedicineStanford University School of MedicineStanfordCA 94305United States

BACKGROUND Colitis is a known potential toxicity of immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs).Studies evaluating the risk of disease exacerbation following ICI treatment in patients with pre-existing inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)are limited.AIM To assess the clinical characteristics of IBD patients treated with ICIs and determine prevalence of subsequent IBD exacerbations.METHODS We conducted a retrospective cohort study of all patients in the Stanford Research Repository database with pre-existing IBD who were exposed to ICIs.RESULTS The prevalence of IBD exacerbation following ICI was 36.8% amongst 19 patients meeting inclusion criteria.Patients with exacerbations had more gastrointestinalrelated hospitalizations(4 of 7)than patients without exacerbations(0 of 12;P=0.0090).CONCLUSION The prevalence of IBD exacerbations following ICI was higher than reported rates of ICI-induced colitis and diarrhea in the general population and was associated with hospitalization.

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Immune checkpoint inhibitors Immunotherapy malignancy

Clinical features and treatment modalities of rare choroid metastasis from lung malignancy

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Chinese Medical Journal 2022年第13期135卷 1628-1630页

作者： Zihan Qu Jiewei Liu Lingling Zhu Qinghua Zhou Lung Cancer Center West China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityChengduSichuan 610041China Lung Cancer Research Institute West China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityChengduSichuan 610041China Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial TechnologyCollege of Polymer Science and EngineeringWest China School of PharmacySichuan UniversityChengduSichuan 610041China.

To the Editor:The incidence of intraocular metastases is approximately 8%to 10%,[1]of which choroidal metastasis(CM)is the most painful metastatic lesion.CM is a growing problem in the context of an aging population and improved survival among stage IV cancer patients.Lung cancer is the second most common primary malignancy associated with CM.Clinical symptoms vary greatly depending on the location of the lesion or the degree of invasion.Acute clinical symptoms will significantly impair quality of life among surviving patients.The main therapeutic modalities include systemic and local treatments,while observation is also a treatment option.Currently,the feasibility and effectiveness of various treatment options are controversial around the world.Given the rarity of this condition,it is almost impossible to conduct large-scale clinical trials to validate optimal treatment modalities,rather,clues and insights may derive from a series of small sample reports.Herein,we reviewed the related literature from 2009 to 2019,from which relevant information was extracted to elucidate the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of CM and to provide suggestions for the treatment of this condition.

关键词： metastasis modalities malignancy

Comment on “Disease exacerbation is common in inflammatory bowel disease patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors for malignancy”

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2022年第23期10卷 8425-8427页

作者： Konstantinos Argyriou Athanasios Kotsakis Department of Gastroenterology University Hospital of LarisaLarisa GR41334Greece Department of Medical Oncology School of MedicineUniversity Hospital of LarisaLarisa GR41334Greece

We recently read with interest the original research article entitled"Disease exacerbation is common in inflammatory bowel disease patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors for malignancy".The abovementioned article is an observational retrospective cohort study,which could be of particular value for clinicians to understand how immunotherapy affects pre-existing enteral disease in inflammatory bowel disease patients.Although we appreciate the endeavor of Samuel Rubin et al,based on our in-depth analysis,we detected a potential shortcoming in this article;thus,we present our comments in this letter.If the authors contemplate these comments on their relevant research,we believe that their contribution would be considerable for future studies.

关键词： Inflammatory bowel disease Immune-related adverse events Immune checkpoint inhibitors Immunotherapy malignancy

Pathologic etiology and predictors of malignancy in children with cervical lymphadenopathy

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2023年第3期19卷 283-287页

作者： Jee Woo Kim Jee Yeon Baek Ji Young Lee Sung Min Lim Ji-Man Kang Won Kee Ahn Seung Min Hahn Jung Woo Han Chuh Joo Lyu Jong Gyun Ahn Department of Pediatrics Severance Children's HospitalYonsei University College of Medicine50-1 Yonsei-RoSeodaemun-guSeoul 03722South Korea Institute for Immunology and Immunological Diseases Yonsei University College of MedicineSeoulSouth Korea Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology Department of PediatricsYonsei University College of MedicineYonsei University Health SystemSeoulSouth Korea Department of Pediatric Hemato-Oncology Yonsei Cancer CenterYonsei University Health SystemSeoulSouth Korea

Cervical lymphadenopathy in children is a common disease entity that is accompanied by a variety of processes,ranging from benign disease to malignancy.Although the cause of cer-vical lymphadenopathy in children is often benign[1-4],the presence of enlarged lymph nodes can cause anxiety to parents because of its association with malignancy.Biopsy should be considered for the histologic diagnosis of persistent or unex-plained cervical lymphadenopathy in children.However,biopsy is an invasive examination method,and it is difficult to clinically determine whether biopsy is needed in children with unexplained cervical lymphadenopathy.Therefore,clini-cians should be aware of the differential diagnosis of lymph node enlargement in children and should identify situations in which malignancy may be suspected.In this study,we aimed to identify the etiology of pediatric cervical lymphadenopathy using biopsy and to analyze the risk factors associated with malignancy in children with cervical lymphadenopathy.

关键词： malignancy cervical diagnosis

Life Threatening Stridor Due to Primary Laryngeal Tuberculosis

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International Journal of Otolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery 2024年第1期13卷 62-69页

作者： Siti Aisyah Mohamed Azreen Zaira Abu Bakar Mawaddah Azman Otorhinolaryngology Department Hospital Ampang Selangor Malaysia Otorhinolaryngology Department Faculty of Medicine Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Kuala Lumpur Malaysia Otorhinolaryngology Department Hospital Kuala Lumpur Kuala Lumpur Malaysia

Tuberculosis is a potentially serious infectious disease. In otorhinolaryngology practice, lymph node infection is the most common site of predilection followed by the larynx. Laryngeal tuberculosis (LTB) typically presents with dysphagia, odynophagia and hoarseness. We reported a case of primary LTB presenting with acute upper airway obstruction and respiratory distress mimicking acute supraglottitis which requires emergency tracheostomy. Therefore, in acute upper airway obstruction, the appropriate initial investigation should be done to rule out TB to make sure early treatment can be given and it may prevent complications of disease to the patient. .

关键词： Extra-Pulmonary Granulomatous Infection malignancy Upper Airway

Pathological and Clinical Correlation European Union-Thyroid Imaging Reporting and Data System (EU-TIRADS) Classification of Thyroid Nodules in Two University Hospitals in Cotonou

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Open Journal of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases 2024年第2期14卷 15-25页

作者： Annelie Kerekou Hode Hubert Dedjan Fréjus Alamou Department of Endocrinology Metabolism Nutrition of National University Hospital Center-Hubert Koutoukou Maga Cotonou Bénin Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties of the Departemental University Hospital Center of Ouémé/Plateau Porto-Novo Bénin

Introduction: Since its creation in 2017 by the European community, the EU-TIRADS classification has enjoyed an excellent reputation in several countries around the world. Indeed, several studies conducted in these countries testify to the effectiveness of this tool for the management of nodular thyroid pathology. However, in Benin, the contribution of this classification has not yet been evaluated. It is therefore to overcome this inadequacy that we undertook this study. Objective: Participate in improving the diagnostic and therapeutic management of thyroid nodules at the CNHU HKM in Cotonou and at the CHUZ in Suru-Léré. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study with retrospective data collection spread over a period of 3 years 5 months, from January 2019 to May 2022 and carried out jointly in the Endocrinology Metabolism Nutrition and ORL-CCF departments of the CNHU HKM of Cotonou and in the ORL-CCF department of the CHUZ of Suru-Léré. The study population consisted of patients who consulted the University Clinic of Endocrinology Metabolism Nutrition, the University Clinic of ORL-CCF of the CNHU-HKM and the University Clinic of ORL-CCF of the CHUZ of Suru-Léré for thyroid nodule and who have had surgery. The study data was collected from patients hospitalization records using a survey form. Results: On ultrasound, according to the EU-TIRADS classification, 56.8% of nodules presented a low risk of malignancy (EU-TIRADS 3) compared to respectively 19.8%;23% and 2.5% of nodules with zero (EU-TIRADS 2), intermediate (EU-TIRADS 4) and high (EU-TIRADS 5) risk of malignancy. Regarding the performance of this classification, it is sensitive in 37.5% of cases and has a specificity of 78.5% with a PPV (Positive Predictive Value) and a NPV (Negative Predictive Value) respectively of 6.6 % and 91.6%. Furthermore, the bivariate correlations revealed that the size of the nodule was significantly associated with the malignancy of the nodule (p = 0.014) and the calculated value of the Yule’s Q coefficient (0.375) reflects a mo

关键词： Thyroid Nodules EU-TIRADS Classification malignancy

RING finger 138 deregulation distorts NF-κB signaling and facilities colitis switch to aggressive malignancy

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2022年第7期7卷 2555-2567页

作者： Yalan Lu Rong Huang Jianming Ying Xingchen Li Tao Jiao Lei Guo Haitao Zhou Han Wang Amannisa Tuersuntuoheti Jianmei Liu Qichen Chen Yanhong Wang Luying Su Changyuan Guo Fu Xu Ziyi Wang Yan Lu Kai Li Junbo Liang Zhen Huang Xiao Chen Jinjie Yao Hanjie Hu Xiaowen Cheng Yufeng Wan Xinyan Chen Ning Zhang Shiying Miao Jianqiang Cai Linfang Wang Changzheng Liu Wei Song Hong Zhao Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular BiologyInstitute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesSchool of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100005China Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery State Key Laboratory of Molecular OncologyNational Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100021China Key Laboratory of Gene Editing Screening and R&D of Digestive System Tumor Drugs Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100021China Key Laboratory of Human Disease Comparative Medicine Chinese Ministry of HealthBeijing Key Laboratory for Animal Models of Emerging and Remerging Infectious DiseasesInstitute of Laboratory Animal ScienceChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Comparative Medicine CenterPeking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100021China National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital&Shenzhen Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeShenzhen 518116China Department of Pathology State Key Laboratory of Molecular OncologyNational Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100021China Department of Clinical Laboratory the First Affiliated HospitalAnhui Medical UniversityHefei 230022China Wellcome Centre for Anti-Infectives Research(WCAIR) Division of Biological Chemistry and Drug DiscoverySchool of Life SciencesUniversity of DundeeDundee DD15EHUK

Prolonged activation of nuclear factor(NF)-кB signaling significantly contributes to the development of colorectal cancer(CRC).New therapeutic opportunities are emerging from targeting this distorted cell signaling transduction.Here,we discovered the critical role of RING finger 138(RNF138)in CRC tumorigenesis through regulating the NF-кB signaling,which is independent of its Ubiquitin-E3 ligase activity involved in DNA damage response.RNF138^(−/−) mice were hyper-susceptible to the switch from colitis to aggressive malignancy,which coincided with sustained aberrant NF-кB signaling in the colonic cells.Furthermore,RNF138 suppresses the activation of NF-кB signaling pathway through preventing the translocation of NIK and IKK-Beta Binding Protein(NIBP)to the cytoplasm,which requires the ubiquitin interaction motif(UIM)domain.More importantly,we uncovered a significant correlation between poor prognosis and the downregulation of RNF138 associated with reinforced NF-кB signaling in clinical settings,raising the possibility of RNF138 dysregulation as an indicator for the therapeutic intervention targeting NF-кB signaling.Using the xenograft models built upon either RNF138-dificient CRC cells or the cells derived from the RNF138-dysregulated CRC patients,we demonstrated that the inhibition of NF-кB signaling effectively hampered tumor growth.Overall,our work defined the pathogenic role of aberrant NF-кB signaling due to RNF138 downregulation in the cascade events from the colitis switch to colonic neoplastic transformation and progression,and also highlights the possibility of targeting the NF-кB signaling in treating specific subtypes of CRC indicated by RNF138-ablation.

关键词： malignancy sustained finger

malignancy of renal angiomyolipoma from tuberous sclerosis complex with TSC2 mutation

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Chinese Medical Journal 2019年第1期132卷 103-105页

作者： Yu-Jing Huang Zong-Pei Jiang Yu-Ping Chen Jin-Quan Wu Jia-Li Huang Yan-Qiang Chen Meng-Jun Liang Department of Nephrology The First People's Hospital of ZhaoqingZhaoqingGuangdong 526000China Department of Nephrolegy The Six Affiliated HospitalSun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong 510655China

To the Editor:Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC),with the birth incidence of 1:6000,[1] is an autosomal dominant inherited,multi-system disorder characterized by cellular hyperplasia and tissue dysplasia,among which,renal angiomyolipoma (AML) is one common comorbidity.However,malignancy of renal AML is rare.Herein,we shared a case of malignancy of renal AML from TSC in a young man.

关键词： malignancy renal angiomyolipoma tuberous sclerosis complex TSC2 mutation

Protease-triggered bioresponsive drug delivery for the targeted theranostics of malignancy

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2021年第8期11卷 2220-2242页

作者： Yanan Li Cangang Zhang Guo Li Guowei Deng Hui Zhang Yongbing Sun Feifei An College of Medical Imaging Shanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuan 030001China Department of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology School of Basic Medical SciencesXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710061China Institute of Medical Engineering Department of BiophysicsSchool of Basic Medical ScienceHealth Science CenterXi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710061China College of Chemistry and Life Science Institute of Functional MoleculesChengdu Normal UniversityChengdu 611130China Division of Pharmaceutics National Pharmaceutical Engineering Center for Solid Preparation in Chinese Herbal MedicineJiangxi University of Traditional Chinese MedicineNanchang 330006China

Proteases have a fundamental role in maintaining physiological homeostasis,but their dysregulation results in severe activity imbalance and pathological conditions,including cancer onset,progression,invasion,and metastasis.This striking importance plus superior biological recognition and catalytic performance of proteases,combining with the excellent physicochemical characteristics of nanomaterials,results in enzyme-activated nano-drug delivery systems(nanoDDS)that perform theranostic functions in highly specific response to the tumor phenotype stimulus.In the tutorial review,the key advances of protease-responsive nanoDDS in the specific diagnosis and targeted treatment for malignancies are emphatically classified according to the effector biomolecule types,on the premise of summarizing the structure and function of each protease.Subsequently,the incomplete matching and recognition between enzyme and substrate,structural design complexity,volume production,and toxicological issues related to the nanocomposites are highlighted to clarify the direction of efforts in nanotheranostics.This will facilitate the promotion of nanotechnology in the management of malignant tumors.

关键词： Protease-responsive Drug delivery Nanomedicine Multifunctional construction Precise diagnosis Targeted therapy Synergistic theranostic malignancy