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Low-field, high-gradient NMR shows diffusion contrast consistent with localization or motional averaging of water near surfaces

引用

magnetic resonance Letters 2023年第2期3卷 90-107,I0003页

作者： Nathan H.Williamson Velencia J.Witherspoon Teddy X.Cai Rea Ravin Ferenc Horkay Peter J.Basser Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development National Institutes of HealthBethesdaMD20892USA Wellcme Centre for Igative Neuromging FMRIBNuffeld Department of Clinical NeurosciencesUiversity of Oxford Oxford OX39DUUK Celoptics RockvilleMD20850USA

Nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)measurements of water diffusion have been extensively used to probe microstructure in porous materials,such as biological tissue,however primarily using pulsed gradient spin echo(PGSE)***-field single-sided NMR systems have built-in static gradients(SG)much stronger than typical PGSE maximum gradient strengths,which allows for the signal attenuation at extremely high b-values to be ***,we perform SG spin echo(SGSE)and SG stimulated echo(SGSTE)diffusion measurements on biological cells,tissues,and *** on fixed and live neonatal mouse spinal cord,lobster ventral nerve cord,and starved yeast cells all show multiexponential signal attenuation on a scale of b with significant signal fractions observed at b×Do>1 with b as high as 400 ms/*** persistent signal fractions trend with surface-to-volume ratios for these systems,as expected from porous media *** exception found for the case of fixed *** spinal cords was attributed to faster exchange or permeability in live spinal cords than in fixed spinal cords on the millisecond *** suggests the existence of multiple exchange processes in neural tissue,which may be relevant to the modeling of time-dependent diffusion in gray *** observed multi-exponential attenuation is from protons on water and not macromolecules because it remains proportional to the normalized signal when a specimen is washed with *** signal that persists to b×Do>1 is also drastically reduced after delipidation,indicating that it originates from lipid membranes that restrict water *** multiexponential or stretched exponential character of the signal attenuation at b×Do>1 appears mono-exponential when viewed on a scale of(b×Do)/3,suggesting it may originate from localization or motional averaging of water near membranes on sub-micron length *** try to disambiguate these two contributions,signal attenuation curves were compared at varying temper

关键词： magnetic resonance in porous media Single-sided NMR-MOUSE Microstructure High b-values Short diffusion time Stretched exponential Diffusion MRI contrast mechanisms

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