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Multiphase cooperation for multilevel strain accommodation in a single-crystalline BiFeO3 thin film

CHINESE PHYSICS B 2024年第9期33卷 57-66页

作者： Choi, Wooseon Park, Bumsu Hwang, Jaejin Han, Gyeongtak Yang, Sang-Hyeok Lee, Hyeon Jun Lee, Sung Su Jo, Ji Young Borisevich, Albina Y. Jeong, Hu Young Oh, Sang Ho Lee, Jaekwang Kim, Young-Min Sungkyunkwan Univ SKKU Dept Energy Sci Seoul 16419 South Korea Samsung Elect Hwaseong 18448 South Korea Pusan Natl Univ Dept Phys Busan 46241 South Korea LG Energy Solut Daejeon 34122 South Korea Kangwon Natl Univ Dept Mat Sci & Engn Chunchon South Korea Gwangju Inst Sci & Technol GIST Sch Mat Sci & Engn Gwangju 61005 South Korea Oak Ridge Natl Lab Ctr Nanophase Mat Sci Oak Ridge TN 37831 USA Ulsan Natl Inst Sci & Technol UNIST Grad Sch Semicond Mat & Devices Engn Ulsan 44919 South Korea Korea Inst Energy Technol KENTECH KENTECH Inst Energy Mat & Devices Dept Energy Engn Naju 58330 South Korea

The functionalities and diverse metastable phases of multiferroic BiFeO3 (BFO) thin films depend on the misfit strain. Although mixed phase-induced strain relaxation in multiphase BFO thin films is well known, it is unclear whether a single-crystalline BFO thin film can accommodate misfit strain without the involvement of its polymorphs. Thus, understanding the strain relaxation behavior is key to elucidating the lattice strain-property relationship. In this study, a correlative strain analysis based on dark-field inline electron holography (DIH) and quantitative scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) was performed to reveal the structural mechanism for strain accommodation of a single-crystalline BFO thin film. The nanoscale DIH strain analysis results indicated a random combination of multiple strain states that acted as a primary strain relief, forming irregularly strained nanodomains. The STEM-based bond length measurement of the corresponding strained nanodomains revealed a unique strain accommodation behavior achieved by a statistical combination of multiple modes of distorted structures on the unit-cell scale. The globally integrated strain for each nanodomain was estimated to be close to -1.5%, irrespective of the nanoscale strain states, which was consistent with the fully strained BFO film on the SrTiO3 substrate. Density functional theory calculations suggested that strain accommodation by the combination of metastable phases was energetically favored compared to single-phase-mediated relaxation. This discovery allows a comprehensive understanding of strain accommodation behavior in ferroelectric oxide films, such as BFO, with various low-symmetry polymorphs.

关键词： BiFeO3 scanning transmission electron microscopy electron holography multiferroic material strain mapping morphotropic phase-boundary POLARIZATION ROTATION OXIDE

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