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Assessing Suitability of Irrigation Scheduling Decision Support Systems for lowland rice Farmers in Sub-Saharan Africa—A Review

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Agricultural Sciences 2023年第2期14卷 219-239页

作者： Aloysius Mubangizi Joshua Wanyama Nicholas Kiggundu Prossie Nakawuka Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering Makerere University Kampala Uganda

Irrigation in lowland rice production systems in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is mainly based on traditional surface irrigation methods with continuous flooding practices. This irrigation method ends up using a lot more water that would have otherwise been used to open more land and be used in other water-requiring sectors. Various studies suggest Alternate Wetting and Drying (AWD) as an alternative practice for water management that reduces water use without significantly affecting yield. However, this practice has not been well adopted by the farmers despite its significant benefits of reduced total water use. Improving the adoption of AWD using irrigation Decision Support Systems (DSSs) helps the farmer on two fronts;to know “how much water to apply” and “when to irrigate”, which is very critical in maximizing productivity. This paper reviews the applicability of DSSs using AWD in lowland rice production systems in Sub-Saharan Africa.

关键词： lowland rice Irrigation Scheduling Forecasting Decision Support Systems rice Production Farmer-Led Irrigation AWD

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Genetic Diversity of rice Landraces from lowland and Upland Accessions of China

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rice science 2013年第4期20卷 259-266页

作者： ZHANG Li-na CAO Gui-lan HAN Long-zhi Institute of Crop Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Resources and UtilizationMinistry of Agriculture/The National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement

Genetic diversity of rice landraces from lowland and upland accessions of China was investigated using 66 polymorphic simple sequence repeat （SSR） markers. The total number of alleles detected from all 324 tested accessions was 555 with an average allele number （Na） of 8.409 per locus, the average effective number of alleles （Ne） of 3.574 and the average Shannon＇s information index （I） of 1.378. The genetic diversity was higher for the indica landraces compared to the japonica landraces, and the upland landraces were more genetically diverse than the lowland landraces. The SSR markers, RM72, RM232, RM219, RM241, RM224 and RM3 showed the highest rates of polymorphism and these SSR markers were suitable to assess the genetic diversity of rice germplasm resources. A dendrogram of 324 accessions of lowland and upland landraces showed that all rice accessions were mainly subdivided into two groups, japonica and indica, with some being intermediate. The distribution of lowland and upland landraces among the japonica and indica rice groups was distinct, with obvious differentiation between the lowland and upland landraces in japonica rice, but no such clear distinction in indica rice.

关键词： lowland rice upland rice rice landrace genetic diversity simple sequence repeat marker

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Livelihood vulnerability of smallholder farmers to climate change: A comparative analysis based on irrigation access in South Sulawesi, Indonesia

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Regional Sustainability 2022年第3期3卷 244-253页

作者： ARIFAH Darmawan SALMAN Amir YASSI Eymal Bahsar DEMMALLINO Doctoral Candidate of Agriculture Science Hasanuddin UniversityMakassar90245Indonesia Pangkep State Polytechnic of Agriculture Pangkep90652Indonesia Faculty of Agriculture Hasanuddin UniversityMakassar90245Indonesia

Bulukumba Regency is one of the major rice-producing areas in South Sulawesi,Indonesia and has experienced frequent climate disasters over the past *** downstream villages within the Bettu River irrigation area have been affected by the drought,culminating in reduced lowland rice production and increasing the vulnerability of farmers’*** study aims to evaluate the vulnerability of the livelihood system among rice farmers in the Bettu River irrigation area by classifying the area into two zones based on the distance from the main irrigation canal,namely the upstream area and downstream *** livelihood vulnerability index(LVI)framework and livelihood vulnerability index-Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change(LVI-IPCC)approach were applied by selecting geographic and socio-demographic indicators that affected the farmer households,including 8 major components and 26 *** data for LVI-IPCC estimation were collected by randomly selecting 132 households from villages in the two *** empirical results showed that farmers in the downstream area were more vulnerable to climate change than farmers in the upstream *** major components causing the livelihood vulnerability of the downstream farmers were livelihood strategy,food,water,land,and health,as well as natural disasters and climate *** particular,the sub-components of agricultural livelihood diversification,consistent water supply for farming,and drought events were important in the downstream *** in the upstream area were vulnerable to socio-demographic profile and social network *** LVI-IPCC findings suggested that the government should prioritize farmers in the downstream area to develop resilience strategies,particularly by increasing irrigation infrastructure and the number of reservoirs and drilling ***,to increase their adaptive capacity in terms of diversification of agricultural livelihood systems,the government a

关键词： Livelihood vulnerability index(LVI) Livelihood vulnerability index-Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change(LVI-IPCC) Climate change Irrigation area lowland rice Farmer Indonesia

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