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Assessing aerodynamic loads on low-rise buildings considering Reynolds number and turbulence effects: a review

Advances in Aerodynamics 2022年第1期4卷 512-544页

作者： Md Faiaz Khaled Aly Mousaad Aly Windstorm Impact Scienceand Engineering(WISE)Research LaboratoryDepartment of Civil and Environmental EngineeringLouisiana State UniversityBaton RougeUSA

This paper presents an extensive review of existing techniques used in estimating design wind pressures considering Reynolds number and turbulence effects,as well as a case study of a reference building investigated *** shed light on the limitations of current aerodynamic testing techniques,provisions in design standards,and computational fluid dynamics(CFD)methods to predict wind-induced *** paper highlights the reasons for obstructing the standardization of the wind tunnel ***,we introduce improved experimental and CFD techniques to tackle the identified *** provides superior and efficient performance by employing wall-modeled large-eddy simulation(WMLES)and hybrid RANS-LES *** addition,we tested a large-scale building model and compared the results with published small-scale *** findings reinforce our hypothesis concerning the scaling issues and Reynolds number effects in aerodynamic testing.

关键词： Atmospheric boundary layer low-rise buildings Reynolds number Turbulence modeling LES Wind tunnel testing Open-jet testing Hybrid RANS-LES

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Fragility assessment of wood sheathing panels and roof-to-wall connections subjected to wind loading

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2021年第4期15卷 867-876页

作者： Amira Gill Aikaterini S.GENIKOMSOU Georgios P.BALOMENOS Department of Civil Engineering Queen’s UniversityKingstonK7L 3N9Canada Department of Civil Engineering McMaster UniversityHamiltonL8S 4L7Canada

The performance of the wood-frame buildings after tornadoes has shown that the majority of the wind damage resulted from building envelope failure most typically due to the loss of the *** assess the performance and the reliability of low-rise wood-frame residential buildings with a focus on the roofs,fragility analysis can be used to estimate the probability of failure of a roof when constructed with specified nails and sheathing ***,this paper examines the fragility of specific types of nails,roof-to-wall(RW)connection details,and sheathing sizes based on the damaged roofs that were previously assessed in the Dunrobin area in Ottawa(Ontario)that was hit with an Enhanced Fujita(EF3)tornado on September 21,*** presented fragility analysis considers four scenarios,including different sheathing and nail *** loads,wind loads,and resistance on the sheathing panels were compiled and analyzed to determine the failure of the examined *** eight fragility models suggest that the safest roof sheathing(RS)is the 1.22 m×1.22 m sheathing panel with 8 d nails,and the safest RW connections is achieved by using H2.5 hurricane clips.

关键词： tornadoes wind loads low-rise buildings fragility analysis risk assessment structural failures

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Necessity and adequacy of near-source factors for not-so-tall fixed-base buildings

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2015年第1期14卷 13-26页

作者： Cenk Alhan Melih Sürmeli Department of Civil Engineering Istanbul University Avc?lar Campus Department of Civil Engineering Istanbul Kültür University Atak?y Campus

Nonlinear response history analyses and use of strong ground motion data including near-field effects has become a common practice in both performance based design of tall buildings and design of base-isolated buildings. On the other hand, ordinary buildings are commonly analysed via response spectrum analysis following the rules of conventional seismic codes, most of which do not take near-field effects into account. This study evaluates the necessity and the adequacy of near-source factors for ordinary fixed-base buildings that are not specifically classified as tall, by comparing dynamic responses of 3, 8, and 15-story benchmark buildings obtained via （1） linear time history analyses using 220 record components from 13 historical earthquakes and 45 synthetic earthquake records of different magnitudes and fault distances and （2） response spectrum analyses in accordance with the Turkish Earthquake Code 2007 -representing seismic codes not taking near-field effects into account- and the Uniform Building Code 1997 which takes near-field effects into account via near-source factors that amplify design response spectrum. It is shown that near-source factors are crucial for the safe design of not-so-tall ordinary fixed-base buildings but those defined in UBC97 may still not be adequate for those located in the vicinity of the fault.

关键词： near-field effects near-source factors low-rise buildings mid-rise buildings

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Experimental Study on Wind Load Characteristics Caused by Wind Damage in Vulnerable Areas of low-rise Building Roofs

Experimental Study on Wind Load Characteristics Caused by Wi...

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作者： Shu JIANG Yi-min DAI Yang-jin YUAN Si-ji SONG Key Laboratory of Wind-resistance and Vibration Control（Hunan Provincial） College of Civil Engineering Hunan University of Science and Technology

Through the wind tunnel test on the opening of different locations and local areas in vulnerable areas of low-rise building roofs, the distribution characteristics of wind pressure inside and outside the roof caused by roof damage. The results show that the influence of the wind direction angle on the internal pressure caused by the wind is obvious, and the internal pressure caused by the opening on the leeward surface is small and the change law is obviously different from that on the windward surface. The correlation coefficient on the inner side of the roof opening is higher than that on the side of the unopened roof, and the correlation between wind pressure on the measurement points near the opening is larger than other regions.

关键词： low-rise buildings Roof openings Wind tunnel tests Wind-induced internal pressure

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