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Identification of winter long-lasting regional extreme low-temperature events in Eurasia and their variation during 1948—2017

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2021年第3期12卷 353-362页

作者： ZHANG Ying-Xian LIU Yan-Ju DING Yi-Hui Laboratory for Climate Studies National Climate CenterChina Meteorological AdministrationBeijing100081China

Compared with short-duration events,long-lasting regional extreme low-temperature events(RELTEs)often have more severe impacts on human societies due to the induced persistence and large geographic area of related weather and climate disaster.Accordingly,an improved objective technique was applied to identify all long-lasting RELTEs in Eurasia from the winter of 1948/1949 to 2017/2018,followed by an in-depth discussion of its variation in terms of the annual frequency,duration,impacted area,mean intensity,maximum intensity,and a comprehensive index.The RELTE lasting for 52 d in the winter of 2007/2008 exhibited the longest duration,largest impacted area,and a greatest comprehensive index,which induced extremely low temperatures for more than 20 d in Western Asia,Central Asia,and China.During the past 70 winters,the frequency of long-lasting RELTEs decreased,especially after the late 1960s.Nevertheless,the mean and maximum intensities and comprehensive index exhibited distinctly increasing trends.All indicators of winter long-lasting RELTEs had a similar inter-decadal fluctuation featured by two noticeable peaks occurring around 1970 and 2007,and a remarkable recovery was discovered in the period of late 1990s to mid-2010s,especially for the occurrence of super long-lasting events.Significantly,winter long-lasting RELTEs in Eurasia showed distinct trends under various decadal climate backgrounds,i.e.,a strong negative or weak positive trend in the accelerated warming period and conversely,a strong positive or weak negative trend in the wanning slowdown stage.These findings indicate that we should be alert of the similar future recovery of winter long-lasting RELTEs in Eurasia,which are likely to occur in the slowdown period of global warming.

关键词： Regional extreme low-temperature events Winter long-lasting Eurasia Climate variation

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A Placebo-Controlled Study Demonstrates the long-lasting Anti-Aging Benefits of a Cream Containing Retinol, DihydroxyMethylChromone (DMC) and Hyaluronic Acid

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Journal of Cosmetics, Dermatological Sciences and Applications 2012年第2期2卷 51-59页

作者： Thierry Oddos Romain Roure James Leyden Valérie Bruère Christiane Bertin Johnson & Johnson Santé Beauté France Issy-les-Moulineaux France Johnson & Johnson Santé Beauté France Val-de-Reuil France KGL Inc. Broomall USA

Retinol is an ingredient used in cosmetic products for reducing the appearance of the signs of aging and photo-damage. Currently, most of these products contain 0.1% of retinol. However, at this concentration, some irritation can occur. We have evaluated in vitro and in a clinical study the potential efficacy of a combination of actives to improve the facial skin aging signs while using low concentration of retinol. We demonstrated, in vitro, that a chromone derivative, 5,7-di-hydroxy-2-methyl chromone (DMC), is able to enhance the collagen synthesis in culture of normal human dermal fibroblasts. The enhancement of retinol anti-wrinkle efficacy by DMC was confirmed in a small scale clinical trial. Specifically, a product associating low concentration of retinol (0.04%) and DMC (0.1%) in combination with low molecular weight hyaluronic acid fragments (50,000 Dalton of average molecular weight) has been applied topically for 8 weeks. Clinical results show significant improvement of various signs of facial skin aging such as wrinkles, pigmentary spots, tone unevenness, dullness and the overall photo-damage score. Improvements were still visible 4 weeks after the cessation of the test product application. This study demonstrates that significant lasting improvement of facial skin aging can be obtained with well tolerated low concentration of retinol when adequately formulated with other anti-aging ingredients.

关键词： Retinol DihydroxyMethylChromone Hyaluronic Acid Anti-Age long-lasting Effect

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Synthesis and Luminescence Properties of Red Phosphors:Mn^(2+) Doped MgSiO_3 and Mg_2SiO_4 Prepared by Sol-Gel Method

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Journal of Rare Earths 2006年第Z2期24卷 104-107页

作者：林林尹民施朝淑张慰萍游宝贵 Structure Research Laboratory University of Science and Technology of ChinaChinese Academy of Sciences Physics Department University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Physics Department University of Science and Technology of China

Sol-gel method was utilized to synthesize two different series of red silicate phosphors:MgSiO3 and Mg2SiO4 powder samples doped with Mn2+, conducted the investigation of red long-lasting phosphor: MgSiO3:Eu2+, Dy3+, Mn2+. TGA curves of the gel precursor for two series depicted that the loss of residual organic groups and NO3 groups occurs below 450 ℃. According to the XRD patterns, the major diffraction peaks of the MgSiO3 and Mg2SiO4 series are consistent with a proto-enstatite structure (JCPDS No.11-0273) and a forsterite structure (JCPDS No.85-1364) respectively. With the excitation at 415 nm, the red emission band of Mn2+ ions is peaked at 661 nm for MgSiO3:1%(atom fraction) Mn2+ or 644 nm for Mg2SiO4:1%(atom fraction) Mn2+. Compared with Mg2SiO4:Mn2+ samples, MgSiO3:Mn2+ samples exhibit higher luminescence intensity and higher quenching concentration. In addition, the two series co-doped with Eu2+, Dy3+, Mn2+ were also prepared. Photo-luminescence and afterglow properties of the two co-doped series were analyzed, which show that MgSiO3:Eu2+, Dy3+, Mn2+ is more suitable for a red long-lasting phosphor.

关键词： manganese magnesium silicate orthosilicate red long-lasting phosphor rare earths

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Cosmetic Lifting Effect of a Formula Combining Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine, Ononis Spinosa and Glycerin as Shown by a New 2-D Imaging Method

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Journal of Cosmetics, Dermatological Sciences and Applications 2013年第3期3卷 209-215页

作者： Romain Roure Marion Lanctin Alex Nkengne Virginie Nollent Liliane Dayan Christiane Bertin Independant Dermatologist Pairs France Johnson & Johnson Santé Beauté France Issy-les-Moulineaux France

Facial sagging is a major aging change that affects the overall shape of the face. Sagging can negatively impact self-perception and consequently quality of life. In order to fight against this aging sign, we developed a combination of three active ingredients: Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine (THPE), Ononis Spinosa extract and Glycerin. In a clinical study, we assessed the efficacy of this association on facial sagging and wrinkles, with a special focus on immediate and lasting effects. Thirty-nine women applied the tested product daily during an eight-week treatment period. Clinical grading by experts and a new, easy to operate, 2-D imaging method were performed at different time points. The 2-D imaging method measured the upper eyelid lifting effect. The results showed an immediate and significant improvement in sagging and wrinkle parameters;these benefits were still observed seven hours after the first application. Results also showed a significant long-term improvement. The lifting effect calculated from the 2-D pictures was 1.08 mm immediately after application;the same method showed a 1.80 mm lifting effect following the eight-week treatment period. These results suggest that a skin care product combining THPE, Ononis Spinosa and Glycerin properties may be used to reduce sagging as well as wrinkles with both immediate and long term benefits.

关键词： Facial Sagging Wrinkles Tetrahydroxypropyl Ethylenediamine Immediate Effect long-lasting Effect 2-D Imaging Lift Measurement

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letter

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China Textile 2019年第5期 2-2页

作者： ZHAO Hong 不详

Happy New Year! The year of 2019 sets in, followed by the Chinese New Year that comes a bit late to fall on the 5th of February in a dogto- pig shift by the Zodiac sign according to the Chinese Lunar Calendar, marking the advent of the Spring as the start of a new year, a very poetic, romantic and optimistic hallmark of the year when the frozen wintertime is weathered through. This traditional legacy of celebrating new year is inherited by virtue of a long-lasting jubilant ritual in family revelry known as “ Spring Festival”.

关键词： Chinese New Year long-lasting jubilant

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