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Spatial Development of local Bantik community in Malalayang, Indonesia

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Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture 2014年第3期8卷 345-354页

作者： Pingkan Peggy Egam [ Nobuo Mishima Graduate School of Science and Engineering Saga University Saga 840-8502 Japan Department of Architecture Sam Ratulangi University Manado 95115 Indonesia

The Proximity between the central business district and the settlement has led to many changes in the local Bantik community. These include changes in the function of settlements, population size, location of residence, and the movement of local culture. This study aims to examine the spatial changes that occur in local neighborhoods with a focus on the Bantik tribal community in Malalayang. Data were obtained from a series of field observations, questionnaires and structured interviews. This study conducted a series of analyses on spatial patterns, sociocultural factors and urban policy. The results show that the dynamic changes are natural and hard to avoid, since they are related to the community＇s needs and development of the city. In order to face the changes, adjustments in the values of the local community towards the settlement terms and conditions are necessary. In addition, an increase in internal resources for those local communities is needed.

关键词： Spatial changes local community city development Bantik Indonesia.

Perception and Attitudes of local Communities Towards Wild Elephant-related Problems and Conservation in Xishuangbanna,Southwestern China

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Chinese Geographical Science 2011年第5期21卷 629-636页

作者： HE Qingcheng WU Zhaolu ZHOU Wai DONG Rui Institute of Ecology and Geobotany Yunnan University Kunming 650091 China Bureau of Xishuangbanna National Nature Reserve Jinghong 666100 China

The problem of wild elephants, or human-elephant conflict (HEC), influences the daily life of local communities and hinders the conservation of wild *** perception and attitudes of local communities who inhabited the frontiers between human activities and wild elephant movement are important to the mitigation of the HEC and conservation of wild elephants. To analyze the perception and attitudes of local communities, the Participatory Rural Appraisal (PRA) was used in the investigation of 423 interviewees from 22 villages in Xishuangbanna from July 2009 to February 2010. The results indicated that local communities had their views on the elephant-related problems. In field survey, we found that 66.5% of interviewees were willing to support, participate in, and assist in the conservation of wild elephants;33.5% of interviewees were opposed or indifferent to such conservation, because their livelihoods and even their lives were endangered by wild elephants. These views and attitudes were influenced by local communities′perception of HEC, education level, gender and self-interest. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the diverse views among local communities and balance profits and costs in addressing HEC.

关键词： human-elephant conflict (HEC) local community participatory rural appraisal (PRA) Xishuangbanna

local perceptions of ecosystem services and protection of culturally protected forests in southeast China

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Ecosystem Health and Sustainability 2018年第12期4卷 14-24页

作者： Hong Gao yi Xiao CSA(Kris)Van Koppen Zhiyun Ouyang State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina China Aerospace Environmental Development Co.Ltd. BeijingChina Environmental Policy Group Wageningen UniversityWageningenThe Netherlands

Introduction:Culturally protected forests(CPFs),preserved and managed by local people on the basis of traditional practices and beliefs,have social and ecological *** residents’perceptions were investigated in three types of CPFs(community forests,ancestral temple forests,and cemetery forests)in five villages in southeast *** semi-structured interviews(232 questionnaires),residents were asked about their perceptions concerning ecosystem services and protection of ***:The survey results showed that resource utilizationwasnot high inCPFs than inforests without culturally *** ecosystem services provided by CPFs included air quality improvement,water retention,recreation,and aesthetic *** were satisfied with different cultural services provided by CPFs,including aesthetic value of community forests,ecotourism of ancestral temple forests,and cultural heritage of cemetery *** rules and traditional customswere used as themainmeasures to govern forests in daily life;however,the most effective measures,in order of importance,were setting fines or punishment by laws,using informal rules and village regulations,or protection by government *** half of the respondents were willing to pay for maintaining ecosystem services of CPFs,but 77.8%respondents were willing to spend time on *** apolicy perspective,educational programs were as important as traditions,and they are crucial to explain the ecological importance of ***:The conservation of biodiversity and ecosystem services of CPFs will benefit if government agencies consider incorporating CPFs into policy and legislative frameworks,maintain CPFs as collectively owned forests,and introduce ecological compensation mechanisms.

关键词： Conservation culturally protected forests ecosystem services informal rules local community

Beyond neutrality:adding habitat filtering to neutral models

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Ecological Processes 2020年第1期9卷 305-313页

作者： Wasana Abeysinghe Ruwan Punchi-Manage Department of Statistics and Computer Science Faculty of ScienceUniversity of PeradeniyaPeradeniya 20400Sri Lanka

Background:Understanding the processes that structure species is one of the primary focuses in community ***’s neutral model shows stochastic processes alone can describe the two macro-ecological patterns,species richness and species-area relationship,of the *** Hubbell’s neutral model can explain the macro-ecological patterns of the species at large scales,it paid less attention to construct the spatial structure of the *** studies suggest that such spatial structures are mostly due to habitat filtering processes work at the intermediate spatial ***,Hubbell’s neutral model does not explain the full picture of the community structuring due to its fully stochastic ***:In this study,we proposed a two-schema model that has the habitat filtering component and the stochastic component to construct the species assemblages seen in the community *** proposed model uses one additional parameter(*** of individuals in habitat)in addition to Hubbell’s three-parameter neutral model(*** bio-diversity number(θ),dispersal limitation(m)and speciation(v)).The proposed model works at two spatial scales:habitat filtering at the intermediate scales and stochastic processes at the large and very small spatial *** model coupled the local community dynamics with the meta-community *** local community has a fixed area with carrying capacity that is proportional to the local community *** number of habitats in the proposed model can *** are placed into habitats with probabilities according to the habitat *** richness and species composition in each habitat were *** model is fitted for differentθvalues,m values,and a different number of ***:We assume that habitat filtering plays an important role together with stochastic processes to structure species in ***,the proposed model with only four parameters can explai

关键词： Neutral theory Habitat models Fundamental bio-diversity number Immigration local community

β-diversity Patterns of Plant community in Fragmented Habitat in a Degenerated Meadow in Songnen Plain,China

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Chinese Geographical Science 2009年第4期19卷 375-381页

作者： HAN Dayong LI Haiyan YANG Yunfei Key Laboratory for Vegetation Ecology of Ministry of Education Institute of Grassland Science Northeast Normal University Changchun 130024 China

A number of isolated islands of Leymus chinensis ＋ herbosa community were investigated in fragmented habitat islands, by Braun-Blanquet field survey approach, in a degenerated meadow in the Songnen Plain, China in 2007. These islands were classified as large, medium, and small scales on the basis of the island area （100-1000m2, large island; 50-100m2, middle island; 10-50m2, small island）. Each scale of the investigation involved eight islands. The responses ofβ-diversity patterns of plant taxon to the habitat fragmentation at local community and metacommunity levels were analyzed on different scales of 24 isolated islands. The results indicated that at the local community level, there were 57 species belonging to 20 families and 49 genera in large islands, 49 species belonging to 16 families and 40 genera in middle islands, and 27 species belonging to eight families and 23 genera in small islands, β-diversity indexes for species, genus and family in large, middle, and small islands varied greatly, and the highest value of the indexes was not noted in the largest island. However, the average of the data obtained at the three scales showed that across large islands, Whittaker indexes were low and Bray-Curtis similarity indexes were high, while across small islands, Whittaker indexes were high and Bray-Curtis similarity indexes were low. At the metacommunity level, Whittaker indexes for species and genus showed a great significantly negative double logarithmic correlation （p〈0.01） with the island area, whereas the Bray-Curtis indexes for species, genus and family showed a great significantly positive double logarithmic correlation （p〈0.01） with the island area. At both local community and metacommunity levels, tumovers of species and genus could respond more sensitively to spatial changes of plant diversity patterns than that of family. Hence, the species and the genus could be used for the analysis offl-diversity patterns of plant community.

关键词： habitat fragmentation local community metacommunity plant taxon β-diversity

People and Parks in Kenya： Toward Co-Existence？ The Case of Saiwa Swamp and Kakamega Forest Natural Areas

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Sociology Study 2014年第2期4卷 170-181页

作者： Bonface Odiara Kihima Kenyatta University Kenya

Over the years, protected areas have largely been associated with tourism activities where the global meets the local. Indeed, it is widely acknowledged that ＂parks are for people and forever＂. This implies that conservation areas must serve different and divergent interest groups for posterity. Moreover, amidst the proposal to manage natural resources at a local level, it should be appreciated that the local people have continuously been alienated. This paper discusses the conservation areas of Kakamega Forest and Saiwa Swamp in Western Kenya. Through questionnaire interviews with the local communities and natural area managers, it investigates the link among the local communities, protected areas, and tourism as envisaged in the Ecotourism Kenya motto. It concludes that sometimes tourism can be so close to the local people yet so far. Thus, for this linkage to occur, tourists should be fascinated by the cultural aspect （if provided by the local people） and that the local people should seize the opportunity to benefit from such visits.

关键词： Park reserve human-wildlife interaction local community

community＇s Perceptions on Their Own Environment toward Disaster Mitigation and Prevention： A Case Study of Menteng Atas - Jakarta, Indonesia

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Journal of Civil Engineering and Architecture 2012年第6期6卷 768-776页

作者： Danto Sukmajati Edy Muladi Department of Architecture Mercu Buana University Jakarta Indonesia

Menteng Atas is a sub district （Kelurahan） in Southern Jakarta - Indonesia, under the district （Kecamatan） of Setiabudi. As a common crowded settlement in urban area, this location facing multi problems related to physical environment. Built environment with very high density and not well-arranged of fronts and position, also do not meet standards of healthy construction and environment are the main problems of Menteng Atas that brings to disasters such as flooding and fire. This paper explored how members of Menteng Atas community perceive their everyday surroundings within the context of an environment that has rapidly changed, primarily due to urban development. This paper also discuss how far they aware about their environment, the disasters prevention, and what they wants for the future of their environment. The study was start from the inside of the local community. Symbolic communication varies from one situation to the next were founded by studying the accounts, explanations, and social action that are meaningful to a group of people. This paper is trying to present and identify perception of host community on their own environment especially related to disasters prevention, and end up with some recommendations to achieve sustainable housing and settlement at this area.

关键词： Built environment perception local community disaster prevention.

Gendered Perceptions of Climate Variability and Change among Local Communities Living around Queen Elizabeth National Park in Uganda

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Journal of Geographical Research 2021年第4期4卷 15-29页

作者： F.S.Nalwanga M.Sowman P.I.Mukwaya P.Musali A.Nimusiima I.Mugume H.Opedes G.N.Nabonoga Department of Environmental Management Makerere UniversityUganda Department of Geography University of Cape TownSouth Africa Department of Geography Geo-Informatics and Climatic SciencesMakerere UniversityUganda Department of Forestry Bio diversity and TourismMakerere UniversityUganda

Climate change affects both men and women which,in turn,shapes their varied and contrasting perceptions of climate variability and *** paper examined the gendered perceptions of climate variability and change among local communities in Queen Elizabeth National Park in *** objectives are threefold:-identify climatic shocks faced by the local communities;examine the perceptions of men and women of climate variability and change;and to compare their perceptions with empirical meteorological *** study employed both qualitative and quantitative methods,with data collected from 215 respondents using survey,interviews and focused group *** the findings,indicators of climate variability and change included reduced flooding events,occurrence of human diseases,increasing crop pests and diseases,dry spells and intensity of *** was increasing significant temperatures while rainfall was *** male and female significantly associated with increasing temperatures and reduced flooding *** climatic shocks affected both males and females,the impact was more pronounced depending on distinct livelihood activities and roles and responsibilities *** study concluded that people’s perceptions of climate change should be taken on by the government and integrated in the national climate programs that support people’s livelihoods and survival mechanisms.

关键词： Gender Climate change Perceptions local community National park