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The Impacts of Flood and local communities’ Coping Strategies along the River Gambia

American Journal of Climate Change 2024年第3期13卷 522-542页

作者： Edward Mendy Sêmihinva Akpavi Sidat Yaffa Alpha Kargbo WASCAL-Graduate Research Program in Climate Change and Disaster Risk Management Universite de Lome Lome Togo Laboratory of Botany and Plant Ecology (LBPE) University of Lom Lome Togo School of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences University of The Gambia Kanifing The Gambia School of Arts and Sciences University of The Gambia Kanifing The Gambia

Flood disasters as Climate change hazards are common in developing countries, particularly in communities along the river Gambia. local communities, for instance, had their local coping strategies that enabled them to stay in their communities even amid these ordeals, and climate change disaster threats. This work strives to understand flood impacts and the local peoples’ adaptation or coping strategies along the River Gambia basin. A community-based cross-sectional research study of 422 research participants of which 294 are males (69.7%) and females 128 (30.3%), and a focus group discussion of 10 groups which comprised 5 female groups and 5 male groups respectively found that 98.6% of the households experienced floods in their community, and 70.6% experienced flood in their houses, 2.1% have impending flood information and 88.4% do not know evacuation centres. The majority of the households had some local coping strategies, but they acknowledged their insufficient effectiveness. The result also shows that the impact of floods on farmlands, roads, buildings, and livestock was greatly felt. Coping strategies such as sandbags, raised elevations, contour bonds, dikes, and buildings on highlands were all found to be common mechanisms the local people used. The study opines that floods affect communities, but the effects vary depending on individual assets.

关键词： Coping Strategies Disaster Flood Impact Climate Change Hazard local communities

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The Knowledge about the Potential Health Risks of Illegal Bushmeat Activities among local communities Adjacent to Western Nyerere National Park, Tanzania

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Open Journal of Ecology 2023年第1期13卷 22-36页

作者： Yohani R. Foya Charles P. Mgeni Reuben M. J. Kadigi Michael H. Kimaro Shombe N. Hassan Department of Wildlife Management Sokoine University of Agriculture (SUA) Morogoro Tanzania College of Economics and Business Studies Sokoine University of Agriculture Morogoro Tanzania GELIFES University of Groningen Groningen Netherlands Tanzania Research and Conservation Organization Morogoro Tanzania

Establishing knowledge of local communities regarding the potential health risks of illegal bushmeat hunting and its related practices is among the essential means to developing effective conservation and public health programs. To reveal the understanding of the local people regarding the potential health risks of bushmeat consumption and handling of wildlife products, we used a semi-structured questionnaire to survey 261 households in eight villages located adjacent to the western part of Nyerere National Park. Also, we interviewed eight key informants, including conservation personnel and veterinary officers, in the study area. The proportion of local people who were unaware that handling of wildlife products and bushmeat consumption were risky behaviours towards acquiring zoonotic diseases was slightly higher (57%) than the proportion of respondents who were aware of the likely risks of zoonotic diseases from the practices. After all, the majority (83%) of local people admitted having come into contact with wildlife products, while over 70% reported having consumed bushmeat. We found that local communities living closer to the park boundaries (local communities participate in risky practices without contemplating the health consequences that could emerge should a zoonotic disease outbreak occur. Among other strategies, we recommended conservation and public health institutions to increase awareness campaig

关键词： local communities Bushmeat Consumption Wildlife Products Zoonotic Diseases Awareness

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Contribution of Sumalindo Company:In Managing Forest Resources with local communities:Mahakam Ulu-East Kalimantan

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Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(B) 2022年第4期11卷 111-124页

作者： Herman Hidayat Massa Jafar David A.Sonnenfeld Stephen Wyatt Masatoshi Sasaoka Ndan Imang Martinus Nanang Research Center for Society and Culture National Research and Innovation Agency(BRIN)Gatot Subroto Street number 10South Jakarta 12710Indonesia Graduate School of Social and Political Sciences Universitas Nasional-JakartaHarsono Street number 1-RagunanSouth Jakarta 12550Indonesia College of Environmental Science of Forestry State University of New YorkSyracuse 262 W 38 th St 506NY 10018USA School of Forestry Universite’de MonctonCampus d’EdmunstonNew Brunswick 506Canada Faculty of Human Science Hokkaido UniversityKita 8Nishi 5Kita-Ku 060-0808SapporoJapan Faculty of Agriculture Mulawarman UniversityCampus Gunung KeluaPenajam StreetSamarinda75119East Kalimantan Faculty of Social and Political Science Mulawarman UniversityCampus Gunung KeluaPenajam StreetSamarinda75119East

The role of HPH(Forest Logging Concession)in developing rural communities is very ***(Sumalindo Lestari Jaya)as HPH company has an important contribution in empowering local communities,especially in opening land transportation in the interior and helping to build agriculture and *** existence of Sumalindo company participates in developing forest resource management with local communities,among others,increasing livelihoods,maintaining and developing biodiversity conservation and maintaining climate *** efforts are in accordance with the regulations of the KLHK(Ministry of Environment and Forestry),that every HPH holder is required(mandatory)to obtain a certificate of“PHAPL”(Sustainable Production Natural Forest Management)and an“eco label”from the Indonesian Eco Label ***,it is recommended that the holders of HPH concessions and HTI(Industrial Timber Plantations)have an FSC(Forest Stewardship Council)certificate from the EU(European Union),and must meet three indicator elements,namely economic,social and ecological in SFM(Sustainable Forest Management).This article examines three critical questions that show the role of Sumalindo Company in economic,ecological and social development and managing forest resources with the community as follows:(1)The role of Sumalindo company contributes to the development of road infrastructure in the interior;(2)The role of Sumalindo in improving livelihoods and economic and social empowerment of local communities;(3)The role of Sumalindo with local communities in managing forest resources,including maintaining and developing biodiversity conservation and maintaining climate change.

关键词： SLJ economic ecological and social forest resource management PHAPL management FSC local communities

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Evaluating the Relationship between National Park Management and local communities’ Perceptions Based on Survey, a Case of Nyungwe National Park, Rwanda

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2020年第12期8卷 108-126页

作者： Anathalie Nyirarwasa Fang Han Xumei Pan Richard Mind’je Albert Poponi Maniraho Aboubakar Gasirabo Madeleine Udahogora Zacharia Florence Mtewele Edovia Dufatanye Umwali State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography Chinese Academy of Sciences Urumqi China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China University of Lay Adventists of Kigali (UNILAK) Kigali Rwanda

A sustainable management of national park requires collaboration between park staff, NGOs, local organizations and stakeholders, and government intervention. This collaboration promotes community-based welfare and inspires a sense of responsibility, thus promoting more benefits than conflicts. A survey administered to residents surrounding Nyungwe National Park was used to evaluate the relationship between Nyungwe National Park management and local communities. The residents acknowledged a positive attitude towards participating in conservation organizations where there was involvement, while a negative response revealed weak community mobilization. The community’s opinions about protection and tourism progression noted weak conflict resolution, but a positive attitude towards tourism activities in the area since they believed employment was likely as a result. In addition, the residents asked for support from government investments and stakeholders to develop the local private sector, and asked to be involved during the planning process. Approaches including the design of coordination mechanisms and integrated conservation and developments projects are suggested to promote a management structure leading to community involvement in conservation and tourism activities. This will increase visitor numbers and contribute to economic development not only in the region but also in the whole country. Empirical studies along with the factors shaping tourism and conservation activities should be considered as the basis for sustainable decision and policy making for sustainable management, and will contribute to government, stakeholders and park manager collaborations at Nyungwe national park.

关键词： National Park Management local communities Implementation Residents’ Attitudes Coordination Mechanism

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Living （on） Archaeological Sites in Turkey： Engagement of local communities into Decision Making Process

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History Research 2014年第1期4卷 1-16页

作者： Nida Naycl Mersin University Faculty of Architecture Department of Architecture

Archeological sites have been considered as ＂dead＂ sites consisted from building remain buried into ground in modern heritage management doctrines for a long period. Thus their conservation policies are mainly shaped according to this Western perspective. After the spread of international doctrines in conservation of cultural heritage to other parts of the world, it was realized that some archaeological sites were more than group building remains. They were pilgrim sites for the local communities continuously for centuries onwards. Even in some cases, they have traditional management systems to take care for the site. This has raised the awareness about the gaps in modern heritage conservation approaches. International organizations have mentioned about the involvement of local groups in heritage management systems considering their traditional and cultural association with the cultural site. This has provided shifting of conservation approaches from conventional approaches towards living heritage approach in such delicate cultural heritage sites. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the historic generation of policies towards local communities living on archaeological sites in Turkey comparing the policies between living （on） archaeological sites and living archaeological sites approach.

关键词： archaeological site living heritage management local communities

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local people’s knowledge on the adverse impacts and their attitudes towards growing Eucalyptus woodlot in Gudo Beret Kebele, Basona Worena district, Ethiopia

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Ecological Processes 2017年第1期6卷 381-393页

作者： Solomon Ayele Tadesse Solomon Mulu Tafere Department of Natural Resources Management College of Agriculture and Natural Resource SciencesDebre Berhan UniversityP.O.Box 445Debre BerhanEthiopia Department of Forestry College of AgricultureWollo UniversityP.O.Box 1145DessieEthiopia

Introduction:Growing Eucalyptus at a farm level in the form of woodlot has become popular among rural households in *** example,rural households mainly establish Eucalyptus woodlot as a component of livelihood improvement and diversification to meet household wood demand and generating cash ***,there is lack of information on the growth parmeters of Eucalyptus woodlot and the factors influencing the household decision on their establishment at the individual farmland *** objective of this study was to examine local people’s knowledge on the adverse impacts and their attitudes towards growing Eucalyptus woodlot in Gudo Beret *** hypothesized that local people’s knowledge on the adverse impacts and their attitudes towards growing Eucalyptus woodlot in Gudo Beret Kebele is affected by socioeconomic and cognitive ***:A structured questionnaire comprising closed-and open-ended questions was developed and administered to a total of n=94 households to collect information on local people’s knowledge on the adverse impacts and their attitudes towards growing Eucalyptus *** households were randomly selected through a lottery system based on their house identification *** statistics,binary logit,and multiple linear regression were used to analyze and interpret the ***:The results revealed that about 92%of the respondents noted that growing Eucalyptus woodlot had positive impacts on the socioeconomic situation of the community considering that it contributes to economic benefits through the sale of wood products,such as poles,construction materials,and ***,only 8%of the respondents noted that the negative impacts of Eucalyptus woodlot were attributed to the decline in crop and forage production due to its allelopatic effect,and the reduction in ground water *** of the respondents(about 68%)preferred to grow Eucalyptus woodlot in Gudo Beret ***,most of the respon

关键词： Adverse impacts Binary logit regression Cognitive variables Eucalyptus Fuelwood local communities Multiple linear regression Rural households Socioeconomic variables Woodlot

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Community participation in cultural heritage and environmental policy formulation in Botswana

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Chinese Journal of Population,Resources and Environment 2018年第2期16卷 171-180页

作者： Goemeone E.J Mogomotsi Patricia K Mogomotsi Reniko Gondo Tshenolo J Madigele Department of Legal Services Office of the Vice Chancellor University of Botswana Okavango Research Institute University of Botswana Department of Theology and Religious Studies University of Botswana

Cultural heritage does not have direct economic benefits. However, if properly managed it can stimulate social cohesions, improving the environment and have beneficial economic spin offs for the local communities. This paper discusses the role of communities in the formulation of the policies concerning their local environment. It argues that community engagement by policy makers is important in giving legitimacy and ownership of the policies. Furthermore, this paper discusses the potential of cultural heritage in diversifying the economy in Botswana. This paper recommends for the re-assessment of the relationship between the state and local communities which is critical in resuscitating the seemingly ailing community business organizations. In conclusion, it argues for the sustainable management of cultural heritage as a social and economic resource in the next 50 years of Botswana's independence.

关键词： Cultural heritage sustainable economic growth local communities policy formulation

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Functional traits influence plant survival depending on environmental contexts and life stages in an old-growth temperate forest

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2021年第5期14卷 981-994页

作者： Feng Jiang Guangze Jin Center for Ecological Research Northeast Forestry UniversityHarbin 150040China Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management-Ministry of Education Northeast Forestry UniversityHarbin 150040China

Aims Functional traits are usually used to predict plant demographic rates without considering environmental ***,previous studies have consistently found that traits have low explanatory power for plant demographic *** hypothesized that accounting for environmental contexts instead of focusing on traits alone could improve our understanding of how traits influence plant demographic *** We used generalized linear mixed-effect models to analyse the effects of functional traits(related to leaf,stem,seed and whole plant),environmental gradients(soil nutrients,water and elevation)and their interactions on the survival dynamics of 14133 saplings and 3289 adults in a 9-ha old-growth temperate forest *** Findings We found that environmental variables,neighbour crowding and traits alone(*** effects)influenced plant ***,the effects of the latter two variables varied between saplings and *** trait–environment interactions influenced plant survival,such that resource conservative traits increased plant survival under harsh conditions but decreased survival under mild *** elevational gradient was the most important environmental factor driving these effects in our *** results support the hypothesis that functional traits influence plant survival depending on environmental contexts in local *** results also imply that one species with limited trait variation cannot occupy all environments,which can promote species diversity.

关键词： demographic rates functional traits local communities soil nutrients and water temperate forest trait-environment interaction

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Forest cover change and its effects on the livelihood of the dependent local people:the case of Sesheke district of Zambia

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宝鸡文理学院学报（自然科学版） 2013年第4期33卷 44-49页

作者： Banda Arnold Sakala Enock Mulenga Mark Department of Geography and Environmental Studies University of Zambia

Objective-To investigate forest cover change in Masese local Forest Reserve and its effects on the livelihoods of the dependent communities;to establish the occurrence of forest cover change in Masese local Forest Reserve;to determine the extent of forest cover change in Masese from 1990to 2005;to determine the tree species that have been affected by forest cover change in Masese; and to assess the effects of forest cover change on the livelihoods of the dependent communities. Methods-Interviews and questionnaire were conducted with a proportion of 36households from Maondo and 84households from Mulimambango *** of landsat images of 1990,2000, 2005and Earth Google image for Masese were used for map *** remote sensing was used to analyze landsat images and Google image to detect forest and non-forest *** and Conclusion-Forest cover change has adverse implication on the provision of wood forest products and nonwood forest products to the dependent local *** declining status of dominant Baikiaea Forest that has exploitable species for building materials and fuel wood has affected the livelihoods of the dependent local *** is also increased cost and shortage of fire wood and building materials due to deforestation in Masese Forest Reserve.

关键词： forest cover change local communities livelihoods Masese forest reserve dependent communities

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Opinion of Stakeholders on the Management of Ecotourism in the Benue National Park of the North Region of Cameroon

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Open Journal of Forestry 2023年第1期13卷 92-109页

作者： Jean Baurel Atchombou Abubakar Ali Shidiki Martin Ngankam Tchamba Kamgang Serge Alexis Department of Forestry Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon Ministry of Forestry and Wildlife School of Wildlife Garoua Garoua Cameroon

local communities living around protected areas stand high chance of benefiting from economic development and livelihood improvement through ecotourism if well planned. The objective of this study was to contribute to the understanding of stakeholders’ opinions on the valorization of ecotourism in order to propose alternative sustainable strategies. The study used a research method based on purposive sampling. Semi-structured questionnaires were administered to 125 household heads and 10 stakeholders were also interviewed with a question guide. The results were inputted into a student statistical package (SPSS) version 16. The results were analyzed using descriptive statistics and Chi-square was used to compare means. The results revealed that the test of dependence (Chi2) between the variables showed a significant difference at (p local communities on the park’s resources, 25% of ZIC 5 is highly dependent on the park, whereas, in the other sectors, only 18% are dependent on the park for their household income. This result is explained by the inaccessibility of local communities to the parks. The results of the impacts of ecotourism on the livelihoods of communities in localities reflect a general feeling of dissatisfaction with 88.8% of respondents manifesting their dissatisfaction with park authorities. Thus, 87.2% of respondents think that ecotourism does not bring significant economic benefits to the host communities. If ecotourism was planned, the benefits that accrue from activity could boost the economy of the area and support the conservation of the park, which so far remains insignificant. However, the strategy for enhancing ecotourism should be a participatory approach.

关键词： Ecotourism Opinions Strategies Sustainable Development local communities

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