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Elafibranor:A promising therapeutic approach for liver fibrosis and gut barrier dysfunction in alcohol-associated liver disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2025年第3期31卷 123-126页

作者： Chun-Han Cheng Wen-Rui Hao Tzu-Hurng Cheng Department of Medical Education Linkou Chang Gung Memorial HospitalTaoyuan 33305Taiwan Division of Cardiology Department of Internal MedicineShuang Ho HospitalMinistry of Health and WelfareTaipei Medical UniversityNew Taipei City 23561Taiwan Division of Cardiology Department of Internal MedicineSchool of MedicineCollege of MedicineTaipei Medical UniversityTaipei 11002Taiwan Department of Biochemistry School of MedicineCollege of MedicineChina Medical UniversityTaichung 404328Taiwan

This article discusses the recent study written by Koizumi et ***-associated liver disease(ALD)is a major cause of liver-related morbidity and mortality,which is driven by complex mechanisms,including lipid accumulation,apoptosis,and inflammatory responses exacerbated by gut barrier *** study explored the therapeutic potential of elafibranor,a dual peroxisome proliferatoractivated receptor alpha/delta *** clinical trials,elafibranor has shown promise for the treatment of other liver conditions;however,its effects on ALD remain *** authors’findings indicate that elafibranor significantly reduced liver fibrosis and enhanced gut barrier integrity in patients with *** positive effects of elafibranor are mediated through multiple *** promotes lipid metabolism,reduces oxidative stress,and inhibits inflammatory responses by restoring gut barrier ***,it improves hepatocyte function by enhancing autophagic and antioxidant capacity,and it mitigates inflammation by suppressing the lipopolysaccharide/toll-like receptor 4/nuclear factor kappa B signaling *** findings indicate that elafibranor has promising clinical *** addition,the study highlights elafibranor’s potential as a therapeutic agent for liver diseases,particularly *** article underscores the importance of understanding the mechanistic pathways underlying ALD and suggests directions for future research aimed at elucidating the benefits and limitations of elafibranor.

关键词： Elafibranor liver fibrosis Gut barrier function Alcohol-associated liver disease Peroxisome proliferatoractivated receptor agonists

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liver fibrosis identification based on ultrasound images captured under varied imaging protocols

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2005年第11期6卷 1107-1114页

作者：曹桂涛施鹏飞胡兵 Institute of Image Processing and Pattern Recognition Shanghai Jiao Tong University Department of Ultrasound in Medicine Shanghai Sixth Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University

Diagnostic ultrasound is a useful and noninvasive method in clinical medicine. Although due to its qualitative, sub- jective and experience-based nature, ultrasound image interpretation can be influenced by image conditions such as scanning frequency and machine settings. In this paper, a novel method is proposed to extract the liver features using the joint features of fractal dimension and the entropies of texture edge co-occurrence matrix based on ultrasound images, which is not sensitive to changes in emission frequency and gain. Then, Fisher linear classifier and support vector machine are employed to test a group of 99 in-vivo liver fibrosis images from 18 patients, as well as other 273 liver images from 18 normal human volunteers.

关键词： liver fibrosis Texture Co-occurrence matrix Fisher classifier Support vector machine

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liver fibrosis evaluation by ARFI and APRI in chronic hepatitis C

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第28期20卷 9528-9533页

作者： Su-Mei Li Guang-Xia Li Dong-Mei Fu Yu Wang Li-Qun Dang Department of Physical Diagnosis B Ultrasound Room Daqing Longnan Hospital Qiqihar Medical College Affiliated Fifth Hospital

AIM: To explore the value of liver fibrosis assessment by acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI) and the AST/PLT ratio index (APRI) in chronic hepatitis C patients.

关键词： liver fibrosis Chronic hepatitis C Acoustic radiation force impulse AST/PLT ratio index Sensitivity Specificity

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liver fibrosis Helps to Distinguish Autoimmune Hepatitis from DILI with Autoimmune Features: A Review of Twenty Cases

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2019年第1期7卷 21-26页

作者： Christopher A.Febres-Aldana Sarah Alghamdi Kritika Krishnamurthy Robert J.Poppiti Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Mount Sinai Medical CenterMiami BeachFLUSA Herbert Wertheim College of Medicine Florida International UniversityMiamiFLUSA

Background and Aims:Drug-induced liver injury with autoimmune features(AI-DILI)mimics the clinical presentation,and laboratory and pathologic features of idiopathic autoimmune hepatitis(AIH).We aimed to identify histopathologic hallmarks to differentiate these ***:All liver biopsies archived for the past 10 years were reviewed retrospectively to identify cases of recently detected liver injury associated with predominantly lymphoplasmacytic interphase hepatitis,positive markers for liver autoimmunity,and negative tests for viral *** cases were divided into AIH(n=12)or AI-DILI(n=8)*** qualitative evaluation of necroinflammatory changes and liver fibrosis were performed according to the Scheuer scoring *** densities were determined using ImageJ(V1.51t,National Institutes of Health,Bethesda,MD,USA).fibrosis was assessed on Masson trichrome-stained slides,and collagen deposition was estimated following a protocol of color ***:Necroinflammatory changes as well as densities(portal and lobular)of neutrophils and eosinophils,intracellular cholestasis,and regenerative changes did not differ between the two groups(P≥0.05).Neutrophil densities but not eosinophils showed a positive correlation with the severity of hepatocellular damage(r=0.6and 0.58,*** aminotransferase,Pfibrosis and collagen deposition,in comparison to AI-DILI(Pliver fibrosis can be used to support the diagnosis of AIH in some *** diagnosis of AI-DILI requires follow-up and demonstration of complete remission after drug withdrawal with no need for immunosuppression.

关键词： DILI Autoimmune hepatitis liver fibrosis Digital pathology

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Chronic administration of triclosan leads to liver fibrosis through hepcidin-ferroportin axis-mediated iron overload

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第3期137卷 144-154页

作者： Jing Liu Lecong Zhang Fang Xu Ping Zhang Yang Song College of Eco-Environmental Engineering Guizhou Minzu UniversityGuiyang 550025China The Institute of Karst Wetland Ecology Guizhou Minzu UniversityGuiyang 550025China State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China

Triclosan(TCS)has been manufactured as an antibacterial compound for half a ***,it is widely used in various personal care products;however,its potential adverse effects raise a lot of ***,we create a long-term oral administration mouse model and identify the corresponding hepatotoxicity of *** discover that daily intragastric administration of 10 mg/kg TCS to mice for 12 weeks results in severe hepatic *** study displays that hepatic iron increased 18%,23%and 29%upon oral TCS treatment for4,8 and 12 weeks,*** by hepatic iron variation,splenic and duodenal iron are increased,which indicates systemic iron *** only excessive iron accumulated in the liver,abnormal hepatic malondialdehyde,prostaglandin synthase 2 and glutathione peroxidase 4 are pointed to *** study uncovers that hepcidin expression increases 7%,10%,4%in serum and 2.4-,4.8-,and 2.3-fold on transcriptional levels upon TCS exposure for 4,8 and 12 weeks,*** together,the mice in the TCS-treated group show disordered systemic iron homeostasis via the upregulated hepatic hepcidin-ferroportin ***,both hepatic iron overload(systemic level)and hepatocyte ferroptosis(cellular level)are accused of TCS-induced liver ***■,an iron scavenger,significantly ameliorates TCS-induced liver *** summary,this study confirms the impact of TCS on liver fibrosis;a critical signal pathway is also *** significance of the current study is to prompt us to reevaluate the“pros and cons”of TCS applications.

关键词： Triclosan Iron metabolism Hepcidin Hepatotoxicity liver fibrosis

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Nanotechnology-based combinational strategies toward the regulation of myofibroblasts and diseased microenvironment in liver fibrosis and hepatic carcinoma

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Nano Research 2023年第12期16卷 13042-13055页

作者： Fenfen Li Ying Zhao Guangjun Nie School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience National Center for Nanoscience and TechnologyBeijing 101408China Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China GBA National Institute for Nanotechnology Innovation Guangzhou 510530China

liver fibrosis and hepatic carcinoma(HCC)pose a huge challenge worldwide due to the lack of effective treatment options for end-stage liver *** to their functions and roles,hepatic myofibroblasts mainly include nontumoral fibroblasts(mainly activated hepatic stellate cells(HSCs)),which are involved in the wound-healing process of liver fibrosis,and cancer-associated fibroblasts(CAFs)in hepatic *** play a significant role in regulating extracellular matrix(ECM)deposition in progressive liver *** can be derived from activated HSCs and differentiate into ECM-producing ***,growing evidence shows that CAFs are the primary regulators of the HCC microenvironment,releasing growth factors and cytokines and suppressing the antitumor immune *** therapeutic strategies show reduced drug resistance and side ***-based combined strategies aim to improve the delivery efficiency of various therapeutic agents with reduced toxicity via multiple *** this review,we will discuss recent developments in combinational strategies based on nanotechnology that regulate myofibroblasts and the diseased microenvironment for liver fibrosis and HCC *** will also identify the major challenges that the field is facing and offer some insights for future drug discovery.

关键词： fibroblasts liver fibrosis hepatic carcinoma nanotechnology

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Light-triggered NO-releasing nanoparticles for treating mice with liver fibrosis

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Nano Research 2020年第8期13卷 2197-2202页

作者： Hongxia Liang Zhenhua Li Zhigang Ren Qiaodi Jia Linna Guo Shasha Li Hongyu Zhang Shiqi Hu Dashuai Zhu Deliang Shen Zujiang Yu Ke Cheng Department of Infectious Disease and Hematology The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450052China Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences and Comparative Medicine Institute North Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC27607USA Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and North Carolina State UniversityRaleighNC27695USA Department of Cardiology The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450052China The Key Lab of Chemical Biology and Organic Chemistry of Henan Province Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001China

liver fibrosis, resulting from chronic liver damage and characterized by the accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins, is a characteristic of most types of chronic liver diseases. The activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSC) is considered an essential pathological hallmark in liver fibrosis. Although nitric oxide (NO) can effectively induce HSC apoptosis, the systemic administration of NO is ineffective and may cause severe complications such as hypotension. To overcome this limitation, nanoparticles were designed to target HSCs and release NO locally under the exposure of near infrared light (NIR). To achieve this, upconversion nanoparticle (UCNP) cores were enveloped in mesoporous silica shells (UCNP@mSiO2), which were modified with hyaluronic acid (HA-UCNP@mSiO2) and Roussin’s black salt (RBS). HA molecules recognize and bind to CD44 proteins, which are overexpressed on activated HSCs. Under exposure to a 980-nm NIR laser, the UCNP cores convert the 980-nm wavelength into ultraviolet (UV) light, which then energizes the RBS (NO donors), resulting in an efficient release of NO inside of the HSCs. Once released, NO triggers HSC apoptosis and reverses the liver fibrosis. This targeted and controlled release method provides the theoretical and experimental basis for novel therapeutic approaches to treat hepatic fibrosis.

关键词： liver fibrosis nitric oxide(NO) hepatic stellate cells(HSC) nanoparticles near infrared light(NIR)-controlled release

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The antimicrobial peptide YD attenuates inflammation via miR-155 targeting CASP12 during liver fibrosis

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2021年第1期11卷 100-111页

作者： Zhibin Yan Dan Wang Chunmei An Hongjiao Xu Qian Zhao Ying Shi Nazi Song Bochuan Deng Xiaomin Guo Jing Rao Lu Cheng Bangzhi Zhang Lingyun Mou Wenle Yang Xianxing Jiang Junqiu Xie Key Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu Province School of Basic Medical Sciences&Research Unit of Peptide ScienceChinese Academy of Medical Sciences2019RU066Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510006China

The antimicrobial peptide APKGVQGPNG(named YD),a natural peptide originating from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens CBSYD1,exhibited excellent antibacterial and antioxidant properties in *** characteristics are closely related to inflammatory responses which is the central trigger for ***,the therapeutic effects of YD against hepatic fibrosis and the underlying mechanisms are rarely *** this study,we show that YD improved liver function and inhibited the progression of liver fibrosis by measuring the serum transaminase activity and the expression of a-smooth muscle actin and collagen I in carbon tetrachloride-induced *** we found that YD inhibited the level of miR-155,which plays an important role in inflammation and liver *** analysis and luciferase reporter assay indicate that Casp12 is a new target of *** demonstrate that YD signifi-cantly decreases the contents of inflammatory cytokines and suppresses the NF-k B signaling *** studies show that transfection of the miR-155 mimic in RAW264.7 cells partially reversed the YD-mediated CASP12 upregulation,the downregulated levels of inflammatory cytokines,and the inactivation of the NF-k B ***,our study indicates that YD reduces inflammation throughthe mi R-155 e Casp12 e NF-k B axis during liver fibrosis and provides a promising therapeutic candidate for hepatic fibrosis.

关键词： liver fibrosis Inflammation Antimicrobial peptide MiR-155 CASP12

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Mechanisms of NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated hepatic stellate cell activation: Therapeutic potential for liver fibrosis

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Genes & Diseases 2023年第2期10卷 480-494页

作者： Harsh Vardhan Charan Durgesh Kumar Dwivedi Sabbir Khan Gopabandhu Jena Facility for Risk Assessment and Intervention Studies Department of Pharmacology and ToxicologyNational Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and ResearchSector-67S.A.S. NagarPunjab 160062India Department of Neuro-Oncology The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTX 77030USA

The liver injury leads to an inflammatory response, which causes the activation of hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) that further secrete ECM proteins and play an important role in liver fibrosis. Moreover, the inflammatory response is a driving force for fibrogenesis, which is triggered by many types of injuries. Exaggerated inflammatory immune responses are mediated by cytoplasmic protein complexes known as inflammasomes, which are involved in many chronic liver diseases. Inflammasomes are pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) that can sense any microbial motifs known as pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), and host- or environmental-derived stress signals known as damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). The inflammasomes cause caspase-mediated proteolytic cleavage of pro-IL-1β and pro-IL-18 into active IL-1β and IL-18. In this review, we provide a comprehensive summary of the important roles of NLRP3 inflammasome in the pathogenesis of liver fibrosis with an emphasis on several direct and indirect pathways responsible for the NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated HSCs activation and fibrogenesis. In addition, we discuss the general pharmacological and genetics strategies for the inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome activation and its downstream signaling with examples of emerging pharmacotherapeutics, targeting the NLRP3 inflammasome signaling as well as a possible way to develop effective and safer NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitors.

关键词： Hepatic stellate cells liver fibrosis NLRP3 activation NLRP3 inflammasome NLRP3 inhibitors

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Remodeling of the liver fibrosis microenvironment based on nilotinib-loaded multicatalytic nanozymes with boosted antifibrogenic activity

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2023年第12期13卷 5030-5047页

作者： Huaqing Jing Yingzi Ren Yue Zhou Min Xu Sona Krizkova Zbynek Heger Qiang Lu Siyu Wang Xiaoyang Liang Vojtech Adam Nan Li Tianjin Key Laboratory of Drug Delivery&High-Eficiency School of Pharmaceutical Science and TechnologyTianjin UniversityTianjin 300072China Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Mendel University in BrnoBrno 61300Czech Republic

liver fibrosis is a reversible pathological process caused by chronic liver damage and a major risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Hepatic stellate cell(HSC)activation is considered the main target for liver fibrosis ***,the efficiency of this strategy is limited due to the complex microenvironment of liver fibrosis,including excessive extracellular matrix(ECM)deposition and hypoxia-induced imbalanced ECM ***,nilotinib(NIL)-loaded hyaluronic acid(HA)-coated Ag@Pt nanotriangular nanozymes(APNH NTs)were developed to inhibit HSCs activation and remodel the microenvironment of liver *** NTs efficiently eliminated intrahepatic reactive oxygen species(ROS)due to their inherent superoxide dismutase(SOD)and catalase(CAT)activities,thereby downregulating the expression of NADPH oxidase-4(NOX-4)and inhibiting HSCs ***,the oxygen produced by the APNH NTs further alleviated the hypoxic ***,the released NIL promoted collagen depletion by suppressing the expression of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1(TIMP-1),thus synergistically remodeling the microenvironment of liver ***,an in vivo study in CCl_(4)-induced mice revealed that APNH NTs exhibited significant antifibrogenic effects without obvious long-term *** together,the data from this work suggest that treatment with the synthesized APNH NTs provides an enlightening strategy for remodeling the microenvironment of liver fibrosis with boosted antifibrogenic activity.

关键词： liver fibrosis Microenvironment remodeling HSCs ECM Collagen Hypoxia Nilotinib Nanozyme

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